Annotated Bibliography Boston Globe, July 9, 1916 , Newspaper. …62049374.weebly.com/uploads/1/1/5/0/115026067/nhd... · 2018. 5. 16. · Annotated Bibliography Primary Sources “American

Kusnowo and Parise 1

Annotated Bibliography

Primary Sources

“American Led Irish Rebels.” Boston Globe, July 9, 1916, Newspaper. Photograph. Web.

newspaperarchive.com/boston-globe-jul-09-1916-p-80/. Accessed 6 May 2018.

This image from a newspaper article is used in “Éamon de Valera’s Excuse” to emphasize how

his excuse from his death sentences was because of his US citizenship. This image also helps

show his international impact by including a source from US newspapers.

An Act for the Union of Great Britain and Ireland. 1800. UK Parliament. Photograph. Web.

parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/evolutionofparliament/legislativescrutiny/parlia

mentandireland/collections/ireland/act-of-union-1800/. Accessed 22 January 2018.

This image is of the Act of Union 1800. The image’s credibility is highlighted by the fact that

the image is from the British Parliament. This image is used in our “Historical Context” portion

website where we discuss the Act of Union 1801.

“An Claidheamh Soluis.” Conradh Na Gaeilge, Web.

cnag.ie/en/2016-commemoration/an-claidheamh-soluis-online.html. Accessed 7

February 2018.

These primary documents of the newspapers were processed during the time of the Easter

Rising. These newspapers were significant in expanding our knowledge and understanding of

the Irish Citizens and the Irish Volunteers.


“Anglo-Irish Treaty – 6 December 1921 (Page 1) | Treaty.” National Archives, 6 December

1921. Photograph. Web.

treaty.nationalarchives.ie/document-gallery/anglo-irish-treaty-6-december-1921/ang

lo-irish-treaty-6-december-1921-page-1/. Accessed 4 February 2018.

This image is of the official Anglo-Irish Treaty, which was the treaty of the Irish War of

Independence. This image can be found under our “Short-Term Influence” section of our

website, and helped us understand the effects of the Anglo-Irish Treaty on Irish independence.

“A Gaelic League Leaflet Sets out Its Aims and Objectives.” Douglas Hyde

Denounces Use of Gaelic League for Political Purposes, RTÉ Archives, Dublin, 7 July

2013, Photograph. Web.

rte.ie/centuryireland/index.php/articles/douglas-hyde-denounces-use-of-gaelic-league-fo

r-political-purposes. Accessed 6 May 2018.

This image of a Gaelic League leaflet explains the motives and objectives of the Gaelic League,

and this leaflet helped us understand what the Gaelic League’s overall purpose was. This image

is utilized in our “Historical Context” page under “Gaelic League”.

“A Proclamation Issued by General Friend Who Was in England When the Rising Broke

Out.” National Library of Ireland - 1916 Exhibition, Dublin, 26 Apr. 1916, Photograph.

Web.nli.ie/1916/exhibition/en/content/rising/26april/. Accessed 8 May 2018.

This image is of the martial law imposed on Ireland during the Easter Rising. This image is

used on our “Tuesday - Friday” page of our website. This image helps illustrate how the martial

law affected the citizens of Ireland during the Rising.


“Attack on the Police by the People Under William Smith O'Brien in Ballingarry, County

Tipperary, Ireland in 1848.” Young Ireland: How Its Writing of Irish History Led to the

Making of History, 29 Apr. 2015, Photograph. Web.

irishtimes.com/culture/books/young-ireland-how-its-writing-of-irish-history-led-to-the-

making-of-history-1.2193301. Accessed 6 May 2018.

This image of Irish civilians attacking the police in County Tipperary demonstrates the public

outrage of the Irish during the Irish Potato Famine. This image was utilized on the “Historical

Context” page under “Great Famine”.

Bettman, and Corbis. The Devastation on Sackville Street. 1916. Photograph. Accessed 11 May

2018.

This image of the Devastation on Sackville Street is used when we compare two images of

Sackville Street immediately following the Rising and today. This image helps illustrate the

damage that was done to Ireland during the Rising.

“British Soldiers at a Barricade during the Easter Rising.” Irish Film Institute-1916: The Irish

Rebellion, Dublin, 1916, Photograph. Web.

ifi.ie/film/1916-the-irish-rebellion/?_ga=2.38731370.8318926.1525906540-106289402

9.1525906540

This image shows British soldiers hiding behind different objects during the Easter Rising. This

source allows the viewer to visualize how the British fought during the Easter Rising and what

items from their surroundings they used to aid them fight. This image was utilized in our

“Tuesday-Friday” page under “Tuesday”.

Carey, Colm. Eamonn Ceannt. 1916. Easter 1916, Photograph. Web.

easter1916.ie/index.php/people/a-z/eamonn-ceannt/. Accessed 2 February 2018.


This image of Eamonn Ceannt, one of the signers of the Proclamation of the Irish Republic,

was utilized in our website under the subheading “Death Sentences.” In addition to this, we

were able to understand the effect of Eamonn Ceannt on the plotting of Easter Rising.

Carey, Colm. Pádraig Pearse. 1916. Easter 1916, Photograph. Web.

easter1916.ie/index.php/people/signatories/p-h-pearse/.

historyhub.ie/wp-content/files_mf/1411636702FTASeptember2014.pdf. Accessed 2

February 2018.

This image of Patrick Pearse, one of the signers of the Proclamation of the Irish Republic, was

utilized in our website under the subheading “Death Sentences.” In addition to this, we were

able to understand the effect of Patrick Pearse on the plotting of Easter Rising.

Carey, Colm. Seán Mac Diarmada. 1916. Easter 1916, Photograph. Web.

easter1916.ie/index.php/people/signatories/sean-mac-diarmada/. Accessed 2 February

2018.

This image of Seán MacDermott, one of the signers of the Proclamation of the Irish Republic,

was utilized in our website under the subheading “Death Sentences.” In addition to this, we

were able to understand the effect of Seán MacDermott on the plotting of Easter Rising.

Carey, Colm. Thomas MacDonagh. 1916. Easter 1916, Photograph. Web.

easter1916.ie/index.php/people/a-z/thomas-macdonagh/. Accessed 2 February 2018.

This image of Thomas MacDonagh, one of the signers of the Proclamation of the Irish

Republic, was utilized in our website under the subheading “Death Sentences.” In addition to

this, we were able to understand the effect of Thomas MacDonagh on the plotting of Easter

Rising.


Cnag. “An Claidheamh Soluis: Eanáir-Meitheamh 1914.” Issuu, Photograph. Web.

issuu.com/cnag/docs/1914a. Accessed 7 February 2018.

This image granted us primary documents of the newspapers during the time of the rising and

primary quotes and interviews from witnesses of the violence going on during the violence. We

used various images from the “An Claidheamh Soluis” to portray an image of what life was

like during the uprising.

Cnag. “An Claidheamh Soluis: Iúil-Nollaig 1913.” Issuu, Photograph. Web.

issuu.com/cnag/docs/1913b. Accessed 7 February 2018.

This image provides us with primary documents of a newspaper that inspired the Irish Citizen

Army. The newspaper has an article titled ‘The North Began,’ and a snippet of this article is

found in our “Conflict: Easter Rising” page.

Crowds Outside a Government Depot in Cork, Ireland, Where Indian Corn is Being Sold by the

British Government. 1846, Dublin, Ireland. Hulton Archives. Photograph. Web.

irishtimes.com/news/science/great-famine-victims-teeth-contain-evidence-of-starvation-

1.2752045. Accessed 12 March 2018.

This image shows how violent Irish civilians were in trying to fulfill their own individual needs

during the Irish Potato Famine; this violence further highlights how poor the British’s methods

of support for the Irish was. This image is utilized in our “Historical Context” page.

“De Valera with Supporters.” Judging Dev: A Reassessment of the Life and Legacy of Éamon

De Valera, RIA, Dublin, 2007. Photograph. Print. Accessed 9 May 2018.


This image of “De Valera with Supporters” shows an introduction to the “Short-Term

Influence” section of our website. Because of this, this image is utilized on our “ The Impact”

page to allow the reader to see what the section is going to be about.

“"Diary of Principal Events," in The "Sinn Fein" Revolt Illustrated,” KU Libraries Exhibits,

Web. exhibits.lib.ku.edu/items/show/6889. Accessed 12 March 2018.

This particular page in the KU Libraries Exhibits provided us a primary timeline of the series of

events that happened during the Rising, in which we included some quotes to explain the series

of events that happened during the Rising. These events were recorded in a witness’ journal,

making this source primary.

Doughty, Walter. Manning the Barricades During the Easter Rising. 1916, Dublin, Ireland.

Photograph. Accessed 8 March 2018.

This image is the banner image for our “Home” page. The image was taken by the first ever

Manchester Guardian photographer, Walter Doughty. This image highlights the main conflict

of the Easter Rising.

Dublin in April 1916, Osteraufstand - Britische Soldaten Führen Gefangene ab. 1916, Dublin,

Ireland. Photograph. Accessed 11 March 2018.

This photograph by an unknown author provided us an image of Dublin in Easter of 1916 that

we used in our “Tuesday - Friday” page to give our readers a sense of the conflict.

“Éamon De Valera in Custody After the Easter Rising.” Éamon De Valera to Run for Vacant

East Clare Seat, RTÉ Archives, Dublin, 1916, Photograph. Web.

rte.ie/centuryireland/index.php/articles/eamon-de-valera-to-run-for-vacant-east-clar

E-seat. Accessed 6 May 2018.


This photograph of Éamon de Valera getting taken into custody is the banner image for the

“Éamon de Valera’s Excuse” page under “Compromise”. This image gives the viewer a

visualization of what Éamon de Valera’s arrest was like.

“Easter 1916: Rebellion and Memory in Ireland.” Omeka RSS, Photograph. Web.

exhibits.lib.ku.edu/exhibits/show/easter-1916/first-dail-eireann. Accessed 1 February

2018.

This image that Éamon de Valera used for his campaign during the Irish General Election of

1918 is utilized in our “Short-Term Influence” section. This image helps the reader understand

de Valera’s campaign and his motives towards obtaining Irish independence.

Ferriter, Diarmaid. Judging Dev a Reassessment of the Life and Legacy of Eamon De Valera.

Royal Irish Academy, 2007. Print. Accessed 15 March 2018.

This book by Diarmaid Ferriter showed us the impact of Éamon de Valera on Irish history. This

book also provides various primary documents, images and quotes from Éamon de Valera

himself that we utilized in our website.

Ferriter, Diarmaid. “Letter from Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, 18 June 1948. De

Valera Visited India in 1948 as Part of His Anti-Partition Tour.” Judging Dev: A

Reassessment of the Life and Legacy of Éamon De Valera, Royal Irish Academy,

Dublin, 18 June 2007. Photograph. Print. Accessed 10 May 2018.

This image of Jawaharlal Nehru’s letter to Éamon de Valera shows the connection between

Ireland’s independence movement and the Indian independence movement. This image is

utilized on our “Long-Term Legacy” page to show the legacy that the Easter Rising left for

other movements.


Ferriter, Diarmaid. “Prime Minister Nehru and De Valera.” Judging Dev: a Reassessment of the

Life and Legacy of Eamon De Valera, Royal Irish Academy, Dublin, June 2007.

Photograph. Print. Accessed 9 May 2018.

This image of De Valera with the Indian prime minister Nehru is used in our Impact page of

our website. This image will allow the reader to understand what will be mentioned in the

“Long-Term Legacy” page of our website.

“Funeral of O'Donovan Rossa, Graveside in Glasnevin Cemetery, St. James's Band, Crowds.”

National Library of Ireland Catalogue, Dublin, 1915, Photograph. Web.

catalogue.nli.ie/Record/vtls000030816. Accessed 7 May 2018.

This image of Patrick Pearse at O’Donovan Rossa’s graveside oration is used on our “Conflict:

Easter Rising” page. This image shows how Patrick Pearse was motivated by fellow nationalist

O’Donovan Rossa in founding the Irish Republican Brotherhood.

“How the Rising Was Planned.” How the Rising Was Planned | Century Ireland, Photograph.

Web. rte.ie/centuryireland/index.php/articles/how-the-rising-was-planned. Accessed 28

January 2018.

This image of leaders working together was used in our website to show the plotting of the

Rising in secret. In addition to this, we were able to understand the effect of these leaders on

the plotting and execution of Easter Rising. We utilized this image in the “Tuesday - Friday”

page.

Hyde, Douglas. “The Necessity for De-Anglicizing Ireland.” Irish National Literary Society, 25

Nov. 1892, Dublin, Lecture/Speech. Web.

thefuture.ie/wp-content/uploads/1892/11/1892-11-25-The-Necessity-for-De-Anglicising

-Ireland.pdf. Accessed 17 April 2018.


This speech that was delivered by Douglas Hyde to the Irish National Literary Society in 1892,

highlighted Douglas Hyde and his perspectives towards revitalizing Irish culture and language.

This speech would influence many to support Douglas Hyde’s “De-Anglicizing Ireland

Movement” which would later be known as the Gaelic Revival League.

“Irish Volunteers Parading in Cork City on Saint Patrick’s Day, 1916.” Eoin MacNeill and the

Irish Volunteers, Dublin, 17 Mar. 1916, Photograph. Web.

nli.ie/1916/exhibition/en/content/stagesetters/force/eoinmacneill/. Accessed 12 May

2018.

This image of the Irish Volunteers is used on our “Conflict: Easter Rising” page to show the

size of the IVF. This image also illustrates who the IVF was and their contributions towards the

Rising.

“Irish Volunteers Return from Howth after Landing a Shipment of German Rifles in July,

1914.” 1914: The Howth Gun Running, Dublin, 26 July 1914, Photograph. Web.

museum.ie/Decorative-Arts-History/Exhibitions/Current-Exhibitions/Asgard/Arming-th

e-Volunteers. Accessed 7 May 2018.

This image of Irish Volunteers strapping ammunition to the bicycle handlebars is utilized in our

“Conflict: Easter Rising” page. This image shows the measures that the rebels were willing to

take to disguise and provide weapons for the rebel forces to succeed.

“Joseph Mary Plunkett from Dublin Was Based in the GPO during the Easter Rising.” Joseph

Plunkett | Century Ireland, Dublin, Photograph. Web.

rte.ie/centuryireland/index.php/articles/joseph-plunkett. Accessed 13 May 2018.


This image of Joseph Plunkett, a signatory of the Proclamation of an Irish Republic, shows

what he looked like in the 1900s. This image was utilized in our “Prelude to the Compromise”

page page under “Leaders’ Final Words”.

Keogh Brothers Ltd. “[Eoin MacNeill, Head and Shoulders Portrait].” Holdings: [Eoin

MacNeill, Head and Shoulders Portrait], Photograph. Web.

catalogue.nli.ie/Record/vtls000030110. Accessed 18 April 2018.

This image of Eoin MacNeill during the Gaelic League Revival is utilized on our “Historical

Context” page. This image was taken before the Rising and aids us in connecting the Gaelic

Revival League and the Rising.

Linehan, Hugh. O'Connell Bridge, 100 Years After the Rising. Dublin, 18 Oct. 2016.

Photograph. Accessed 11 May 2018.

This image of O’Connell bridge 100 years after the Rising is used when we compared the

difference between O’Connell bridge immediately following the Rising and the image 100

years later. This image illustrates the damage that was done by the rebels and armed forces to

major places around Dublin.

Linehan, Hugh. Sackville Street, 100 Years After the Rising. Dublin, 23 Nov. 2016. Photograph.

Accessed 11 May 2018.

This image of Sackville Street 100 years after the Rising is used when comparing Sackville

Street after the Rising and today. This image helps illustrate the damage done to Ireland during

the Rising, and how much efforts were put into rebuilding Ireland after the Rising.


“‘Manifesto of the Irish Volunteers’.” South Dublin Libraries'

Digital Archive, 1 Jan. 1970, Photograph. Web.

source.southdublinlibraries.ie/handle/10599/9706. Accessed 5 February 2018.

This image of the Manifesto of the Irish Volunteers from the South Dublin Libraries shows the

purpose of the Irish Volunteers. This document is also important in showing the motives for the

Rising, and why the Rising was deemed necessary.

“Men of the Irish Citizen Army.” Irish Citizen Army and Union Memorabilia, Dublin, 1916,

Photograph. Web.

1916.rte.ie/event/liberty-hall/irish-citizen-army-and-union-memorabilia/.


This image of the Irish Citizen Army shows what the group was like during the Easter Rising.

In addition, this photograph will help the viewer visualize the Irish Citizen Army better. This

source is utilized in our “Conflict: Easter Rising” page.

Mitchell, Angus. “The War Diary of Roger Casement.” The Irish Times, The Irish Times, 29

Apr. 2016, Web.

irishtimes.com/culture/heritage/the-war-diary-of-roger-casement-1.2629321.

Accessed 1 February 2018.

This particular section in The Irish Times provided us with the primary documents of Roger

Casement’s war diary. This diary helped us understand Roger Casement’s role in Irish

nationalism, and his connection towards the Easter Rising.

“O'Connell Bridge and Street.” National Library of Ireland Catalogue, Dublin, 1916,

Photograph. Web. catalogue.nli.ie/Record/vtls000235695. Accessed 11 May 2018.


This image of O’Connell bridge is used when we compare the images of O’Connell bridge after

the Rising and in 2016. This image helps illustrate the damage that was done during the Rising,

and how much repair had to be done after the Rising.

O’Reilly, Martin. Irish Volunteer Force Members Unloading Ammunition by Strapping Them

to the Bicycle Crossbars. 1915. The Rising: Ireland: Easter 1916, 2nd ed., by Fearghal

McGarry, Oxford University Press, p. 167. Photograph. Print.

Accessed 12 March 2018.

This photograph taken by Martin O’Reilly in 1915 showed the Irish Volunteer Force unloading

some ammunition for the Rising. This image allowed us to understand the lengths at which the

IVF were willing to take in order to make the Rising a success.

Pgraybil. “Irish Penal Law - Introduction.” University of Minnesota Law School, 16 Mar. 2017,

Web. law.umn.edu/library/irishlaw/intro. Accessed 12 December 2017.

This is an online version of the most significant Penal Laws, which deprived Catholics of

different rights in Ireland. The text in the website that lists the certain Penal Laws is

word-for-word of the original Penal Laws.

“Primary Sources on Succession to the Crown.” James Bowden, 11 June 2016, Web.

parliamentum.org/parliamentary-and-constitutional-documents/canada/primary-sources-

on-succession-to-the-crown/. Accessed 28 December 2017.

This section of “Primary Sources on Succession to the Crown” allowed us to understand and

quote various different sections of the Union with Ireland Act of 1800 to strengthen and

improve our credibility towards our website.


“Proclamation of the Irish Republic, 24 April 1916.” CAIN: Proclamation of the Irish Republic,

24 April 1916, 1916, Photograph. Web.

cain.ulst.ac.uk/issues/politics/docs/pir24416.htm. Accessed 11 May 2018.

This image is of the Proclamation of the Irish Republic, which is an icon in the Easter Rising.

This proclamation aided us in understanding the spirit of the Irish rebels and Irish nationalism

as a whole. Because this document is iconic, it was utilized on our Home page.

“Psychology of a Volunteer.” Collected Works of Padraic H. Pearse; Political Writings and

Speeches, by Padraic H. Pearse, Phoenix, 1924, pp. 106–107, Print. Web.

archive.org/stream/collectedworksof00pearuoft#page/106/mode/2up. Accessed 19 April

2018.

This primary book compiles together all of Patrick Pearse’s works, and grants us information

about his connection in the Rising, as well as in the Gaelic Revival League. The specific

section titled “Psychology of a Volunteer”, shows how many members of the Gaelic League

joined the Irish Volunteer Force, continuing their passion for Irish nationalism.

“Rare Photos of the Aftermath of the Easter Rising.” Ireland Calling, Photograph. Web.

ireland-calling.com/lifestyle/rare-photos-of-the-aftermath-of-the-easter-rising/.


These images provided us with various primary sources that showed of the destruction caused

by the rebels and the British forces after Easter Rising. We used these images to enhance the

reader’s view on what actually happened during the rising to give a greater sense of realism.

These images are scattered throughout our website.

Roger Casement. The Skibbereen Eagle, skibbereeneagle.ie/ireland/roger-casement/.

Photograph. Web. Accessed 1 February 2018.


This image is of Roger Casement and John Devoy, who were both seeking for German aid for

the Easter Rising. This image is utilized under our “Historical Context” section.

Saunders, Allan F. “The Irish Constitution.” The American Political Science Review, vol. 18,

no. 2, 1924, pp. 340–345. JSTOR, JSTOR, Web. jstor.org/stable/1943929. Accessed 8

March 2018.

This primary source showed us the Irish Constitution which was read aloud during the

beginning of the Rising to influence others to join the rebellion. This helped us understand the

rebels’ point of view towards a better Irish future.

Searching for Potatoes in a Stubble Field. Photograph. Web.

mikedashhistory.com/2014/12/29/queen-victorias-5-the-strange-tale-of-turkis

h-aid-to-ireland-during-the-great-famine/. Accessed 12 March 2018.

This image shows how harsh conditions were for the Irish civilians during the Irish Potato

Famine as well as showing the hard work put in for their survival during this difficult time

period. This image is utilized in our “Historical Context” page in our website, specifically

under our “Great Famine” section.

Society of United Irishmen in Training against the British Army, 1798. PBS LearningMedia,

Photograph. Web.

aetn.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/pnp310573eng/society-of-united-irishmen-in-traini

ng-against-the-british-army-1798-pnp310573-eng/#.WkmFAt-nG00. Accessed 28

December 2017.

This primary coloured engraving was made in 1798, which was around the same time that the

United Irishmen Rebellion took place. This image is significant to our website because it

portrays how the United Irishmen would fight and how they would train.


“Statement By Nelson Mandela In The Mansion House Dublin 1st July 1990 (With His

Handwritten Notes).” Irish Election Archives, Dublin, 1 July 1990, Photograph. Web.

irishelectionliterature.com/2013/12/09/statement-by-nelson-mandela-in-the-mansion-ho

use-dublin-1st-july-1990-with-mandelas-handwriting/. Accessed 10 May 2018.

This image of Nelson Mandela’s notes during his speech to Ireland is used on our “Long-Term

Legacy” page to show the connection between South Africa and Ireland. This image also shows

how Nelson Mandela addresses the Irish people in his speech and how grateful he is for all the

work Irish people did for the anti-apartheid movement.

“The Belfast News-Letter.” 20 May 1913. The British Newspaper Archive, Newsletter. Web.

britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000038/19130520/042/0003. Accessed 12

May 2018.

This newsletter contains an article about the Irish Republican Brotherhood. This source

broadened our knowledge on the Irish Republican Brotherhood and their motives before the

Easter Rising. An image of an article from this newsletter is found on our “Conflict: Easter

Rising” page.

The Cork Society of Friends’ Soup House. N.p., n.d. Cork, Ireland. Photograph. Web.

indigo.ie/~wildgees/famine.htm. Accessed 12 March 2018.

This image shows a group of Irish civilians in a soup kitchen in Cork, Ireland during the Irish

Potato Famine. This image is utilized under our “Historical Context” page, specifically under

our “Great Famine” page.

“The First Dáil (An Chéad Dáil) Was Dáil Éireann as It Convened from 1919-1921.” RTÉ

Archives | Politics | The First Dáil, 1919, Photograph. Web.

rte.ie/archives/exhibitions/920-first-dail-eireann-1919/. Accessed 9 May 2018.


This image shows the first Irish Parliament established after the Irish General Election of 1918.

This image is utilized as a banner image of our “Short-Term Influence” page. This image

shows the aftermath of the Easter Rising, in the formation of The First Dáil.

The Formation of the Irish Citizen Army 1913-16. The Irish Story, 7 Nov. 2013, Photograph.

Web. theirishstory.com/2013/11/04/the-formation-of-the-irish-citizen-army-1913-16/#.

WoCn2minG00. Accessed 27 January 2018.

This image provided us with the purpose behind the Irish Citizen Army, and who the founders

of the Irish Citizen Army were, and what they planned to achieve. This image also allowed the

reader to see how important the formation of the Irish Citizen Army was towards Irish

nationalism.

“The Peel Web.” The Corn Law Debate: Topic Page, Web.

historyhome.co.uk/peel/cldebate.htm. Accessed 17 November 2017.

The Peel Web is a collection of various speeches, interviews and written laws together for great

communal understanding of laws and political issues during the time. The Peel Web also gave

us details on how to British government was reacting to the situations by looking at the

difference in urgency between speeches.

The Surrender. 1916. National Library of Ireland - 1916 Exhibition, Photograph. Web.

nli.ie/1916/exhibition/en/content/surrender/. Accessed 12 March 2018.

The 1916 Exhibition from the National Library of Ireland provided us with various primary

images of the surrender letters and acceptance of surrender from Patrick Pearse and General

Lowe. We utilized these images on our “Short-Term Influence” page.


“The Survivors Cathal O'Shannon.” RTE.ie, RTÉ, 31 August 1964, Interview. Video. Web.

rte.ie/archives/exhibitions/1993-easter-1916/2017-survivors/609021-the-survivors-catha

l-oshannon/. Accessed 13 May 2018.

This video interview of Cathal O’Shannon, an Irish rebel in the Easter Rising, provided us his

perspective on how he perceived the Rising. This video interview is utilized on our “Easter

Sunday/Monday” page and we clipped a section from this interview where he talks about the

planned date of the Rising.

“The Survivors Cormac Turner.” RTE.ie, RTÉ, 29 March 1965, Interview. Video. Web.

rte.ie/archives/exhibitions/1993-easter-1916/2017-survivors/793811-the-survivors-corm

ac-turner/. Accessed 13 May 2018.

This video interview of Cormac Turner, an Irish rebel in the Rising, allowed us to gain primary

perspectives of the Rising. Cormac Turner’s perspective was especially useful when he

described the happenings on Tuesday. This video interview was utilized on our “Tuesday -

Friday” page of our website.

“The Survivors Denis McCullough.” RTE.ie, RTÉ, 8 March 1965, Interview. Video. Web.

rte.ie/archives/exhibitions/1993-easter-1916/2017-survivors/610255-the-survivors-denis

-mccullough/. Accessed 13 May 2018.

This video interview of Denis McCullough, an Irish rebel in the Rising, allowed us to see his

expertise in ‘Serving the National Movement.” This interview allowed us to gain information

on the build-up of the Rising and how it was like for many Irish rebels to serve in the Rising.

“The Survivors Desmond Ryan.” RTE.ie, RTÉ, 31 August 1964, Interview. Video. Web.

rte.ie/archives/exhibitions/1993-easter-1916/2017-survivors/608845-the-survivors-d

esmond-ryan/. Accessed 13 May 2018.


This video interview of Desmond Ryan, an Irish rebel in the Easter Rising, describes his

journey into the Irish Nationalist Movement. Desmond Ryan also explains his experience in the

Rising, when seeing the destruction and damage their Rising had done to Ireland. This video

interview was utilized in our “Easter Sunday/Monday” page under “Conflict: Easter Rising”.

“The Survivors Dr James Ryan.” RTE.ie, RTÉ, 29 March 1965, Interview. Video. Web.

rte.ie/archives/exhibitions/1993-easter-1916/2017-survivors/793892-the-survivors-dr-ja

mes-ryan/. Accessed 13 May 2018.

This video interview of Dr James Ryan, an Irish rebel in the Easter Rising, describes his role in

the Rising, which was being a doctor. He explains how he treated James Connolly’s injuries.

This video interview was utilized in our “Tuesday - Friday” page under “Conflict: Easter

Rising”.

“The Survivors Earnán De Blaghd.” RTE.ie, RTÉ, 15 March 1965, Interview. Video. Web.

rte.ie/archives/exhibitions/1993-easter-1916/2017-survivors/610313-the-survivors-earn

n-de-blaghd/. Accessed 13 May 2018.

This video interview of Earnán De Blaghd, an Irish rebel in the Easter Rising, describes his

own background was related to the Gaelic League, the Irish Republican Brotherhood, and the

Irish Volunteers. This video interview was used to broaden our knowledge on the build-up of

Easter Rising.

“The Survivors Sean Nunan.” RTE.ie, RTÉ, 31 August 1964, Interview. Video. Web.

rte.ie/archives/exhibitions/1993-easter-1916/2017-survivors/609028-the-survivors-s

ean-nunan/. Accessed 13 May 2018.


This video interview of Sean Nunan, an Irish rebel in the Easter Rising, describes what was

happening on Friday of the Easter Rising, including the destruction of the General Post Office.

This video interview was utilized on our “Tuesday - Friday” page under “Conflict: Easter

Rising”.

This Illustration from 1846 Shows a Starving Boy and Girl Raking the Ground for Potatoes

During the Irish Potato Famine, Which Began in the 1840s. 1846. Hulton Archives.

Photograph. Web.

npr.org/sections/thesalt/2013/05/21/185821964/how-genomics-solved-the-m

ystery-of-irelands-great-famine. Accessed 12 March 2018.

This image highlights how poverish the Irish truly were during the 1840s, the time period of the

Irish Potato Famine. This image is utilized in our website under our “Historical Context” page,

specifically under our “Great Famine” section.

“Thomas Clarke in 1910.” Thomas Clarke: Quiet Man Made Noise with Crackle of Dynamite,

Dublin, 1910, Photograph. Web.

independent.ie/irish-news/1916/thinkers-talkers-doers/thomas-clarke-quiet-man-made-n

oise-with-crackle-of-dynamite-34452952.html. Accessed 14 May 2018.

This image of Thomas Clarke, one of the signers of the Proclamation of the Irish Republic, was

utilized in our website under the subheading “Death Sentences.” In addition to this, we were

able to understand the effect of Thomas Clarke on the plotting of Easter Rising.

“Towards Reconciliation - Dublin Turns Out To Welcome Countess Markievicz

After Her Release (1917).” British Pathe, YouTube, 13 Apr. 2014, Video.

youtube.com/watch?v=1MiAxD12XMc. Accessed 19 February 2018.


This primary film/footage from 1917 showed us the impact of letting one of the rebels out of

prison meant to Ireland. We included a clip from this video in our “Prelude to the

Compromise” page to emphasize what freedom, and the respark in Irish nationalism meant to

the Irish people.

Trench, Chenevix. “Seachtmhain Na Gaedhilge [Seachtain Na Gaeilge]: Language Collection

Now on: on Which Side Are You? /.” Holdings: Seachtmhain Na Gaedhilge [Seachtain

Na Gaeilge]:..., Photograph. Web. catalogue.nli.ie/Record/vtls000250810. Accessed 17

April 2018.

This iconic poster during the rise of the Gaelic League to encourage others to experience Irish

culture, in contrast to the British culture. This poster was a step towards Irish nationalism, as it

supported the separation of Irish values from British values.

Valera, Éamon de. India and Ireland. Friends of Freedom for India, 1920. Print. Web.

archive.org/details/indiaireland00deva. Accessed 9 May 2018.

This book by Éamon de Valera shows his connection between Ireland’s independence

movement and the Indian movement. This book broadened our knowledge on how these two

countries were connected in their nationalist movements.

Villanova University. “Gaelic Revival.” Library Exhibits :: Gaelic Revival, Web.

exhibits.library.villanova.edu/jack-butler-yeats/revival/. Accessed 15 April 2018.

Villanova University page on the Gaelic Revival provided us with primary documents that we

used to deepen our knowledge about the Gaelic League Revival, and poet William Butler

Yeats. The various documents included within this website (located on the left column)

include: Letter from Douglas Hyde to Yeats, The Celtic Twilight by William Butler Yeats and

many more.


Walsh, James. Wounded Rebels in a Temporary Hospital in Dublin Castle. 1916. The Rising

Ireland: Easter 1916, 2nd ed., by Fearghal McGarry, Oxford University Press, p. 178.

Photograph. Print. Accessed 12 March 2018.

This image found in the book The Rising Ireland: Easter 1916 on Page 178 showed us an image

of some of the rebels that were receiving medical treatment. We utilized this image on our

website on the “Tuesday - Friday” page.

Weisbach, Kapitan Raimund. Casement and Companions Stepping from the Submarine U-20

on the Morning of 15 April 1916, at Heligoland Naval Base.

1916. Photograph. Accessed 12 March 2018.

This image was about the arrival of Roger Casement to the Easter Rising scene trying to gain

German aid in the Rising. This shows him conversing with various German leaders about

possible aid for the Rising. This image is utilized in our historical context section on our

website.

Whyte, Robert, and James J. Mangan. Robert Whyte's 1847 Famine Ship Diary: the Journey of

an Irish Coffin Ship. Mercier Press, 1994. Print. Accessed 4 February 2018.

This book/diary showed us an Irish citizen, Robert Whyte, and his voyage from Ireland to

Montreal, CA during the Great Famine. This diary is significant because it helped us develop

an understanding on the experiences of the voyages of Irish immigrants and the different

struggles within these voyages.


Secondary Sources

Bartlett, Professor Thomas. “History - British History in Depth: The 1798 Irish Rebellion.”

BBC, BBC, 17 Feb. 2011, Web.

bbc.co.uk/history/british/empire_seapower/irish_reb_01.shtml.

Accessed 28 December 2017.

This page on the 1798 Irish Rebellion gives a vast amount of information on the different

battles and events of the United Irishmen Rebellion. This page was especially useful when we

added information about the different battles during this rebellion, including the Battle of

Vinegar Hill, as well as forces that aimed to aid the United Irishmen, such as the French.

Bartoletti, Susan Campbell. Black Potatoes. 2008. Print. Accessed 3 February 2018.

This book by Susan Campbell Bartoletti compiles together various different stories from the

Irish Potato Famine including quotes and interviews from Irish people who are descendants of

those in the Famine who have stories to tell about the Famine. The book is the main source of

quotes in our website because quotes from 300 years ago is hard to find.

Campbell, Maren, and Sarah Swansen. “Star of the Sea: The Temporary Use of Soup

Kitchens.” Web. Star of the Sea: A Postcolonial/Postmodern Voyage into the Irish

Famine, 6 Apr. 2016,

scalar.usc.edu/works/star-of-the-sea-a-postcolonialpostmodern-voyage-into-the-iris

h-famine/soup-kitchens. Accessed 12 March 2018.

“Star of the Sea: The Temporary Use of Soup Kitchens” gave us an overview of how the

British used inefficient soup kitchens to aid the starving Irish during the Great Famine. This


page also highlighted how inefficient the British were in creating successful solutions to aid the

Irish.

Carey, Colm. The Rising. 1916. Easter 1916, Web. easter1916.ie/index.php/rising/. Accessed 2

February 2018.

This website helps us understand a day by day synopsis of the rising, which we used to separate

our website by the various days. This was one of the first websites where we could find a day to

day explanation of the rising.

“Central Powers.” RSS, Web. nzhistory.govt.nz/war/germany-facts. Accessed 30 January 2018.

This page helped us understand why the Easter Rising was planned during World War I and the

benefits and drawbacks of starting the rebellion when they did. This is useful on our historical

context page where we reference World War I.

“Chronology of the Easter Rising.” RTÉ Libraries and Archives, Web.

rte.ie/centuryireland/index.php/articles/chronology-of-the-easter-rising. Accessed 27

January 2018.

Through researching this source, we acquired a detailed synopsis of the Easter Rising. This

particular website was one of the best websites, in terms of making us understand the Rising

more.

Cockburn, Patrick. “Sketches Show Irish Nationalist Hero Roger Casement in His Final Days

in the Tower of London before Execution.” The Independent, Independent Digital News

and Media, 9 Apr. 2016, Photograph. Web.

independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/roger-casement-ireland-easter-rising-tower-of-l

ondon-prison-execution-a6976336.html. Accessed 30 January 2018.


This source provides information and images on Roger Casement. This source also allowed us

to understand the effect of Roger Casement on the Rising and provided us a powerful quote that

we utilized on our “Historical Context” page.

“Collapse.” Ask About Ireland, Web.

askaboutireland.ie/learning-zone/primary-students/looking-at-places/wexford/the-w

exford-rebellion-179/the-battle-of-new-ross-1/. Accessed 28 December 2017.

This particular page of Ask About Ireland’s “Collapse” explains different elements of the

Battle of Vinegar Hill during the United Irishmen Rebellion, including the number of Irish

rebels versus the number of British soldiers. The information contained is shown in our own

website when discussing the Battle of Vinegar Hill. The credibility of the website is clear, for

the bottom of the page even states that the site is trusted by the Irish government.

Doheny, Michael. The Felon's Track. Solas Press, 2008. Print. Accessed 13 March 2018.

This book by Michael Doheny provided us with information and quotes from the Young

Irelanders Rebellion, a rebellion following The Great Famine,. We used these quotes to show

analysis between the Famine and World War I.

Dorney, John. “The Weapons of 1916.” Independent.ie, Independent.ie, 2 Mar. 2016, Web.

independent.ie/irish-news/1916/the-rising-explained/the-weapons-of-1916-34505344.ht

ml. Accessed 9 February 2018.

“The Weapons of 1916” allowed us to understand the weapons used by both the rebels and the

British forces during the time of the rising. In addition, we were able to understand how the

rebels were able to smuggle the weapons into Dublin.


Dublin May Seek Surrender Letter. N.p., n.d. BBC, 9 Jan. 2006, Photograph. Web.

news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/4594388.stm. Accessed 11 February

2018.

This is an image of the surrender letter of Patrick Pearse that we used in our website to add

credibility. In addition, it provided us information of the surrender and what took place during

the surrender of the rebels.

“Easter Rising, Dublin, 1916: Timeline.” Research Guides, Web.

guides.slv.vic.gov.au/rising1916/timeline. Accessed 1 February 2018.

The State Library of Victoria provided us a timeline in which we based off our research off for

the day by day sections of our website. We also included quotes from this page to shorten our

word count while telling the full story.

Editor. The Irish Republican Brotherhood, From 1858 to 1917. Fair Society, 2

Mar. 2017, Photograph. Web.

fairsociety.ie/the-irish-republican-brotherhood-from-1858-to-1917-a-brief-history-irelan

d/. Accessed 25 January 2018.

These images of the Irish Republican Brotherhood plotting the rebellion provided us with

insight into the lengths the rebels took towards plotting the rebellion in secrecy. These images

also provided us with plenty of visual impact of the IRB’s connection to the Rising.

Egan, Casey. The Irish Potato Famine, the Great Hunger, Genocide - What Should We Call It?

The Irish Potato Famine, the Great Hunger, Genocide-What Should We Call It?,

IrishCentral LLC, 31 May 2015, Photograph. Web.

irishcentral.com/roots/history/why-we-should-call-it-the-great-hunger-and-not-the-irish


-potato-famine. Accessed 12 March 2018.

This source provides us a rare image of a starving mother and her children during the Irish

Potato Famine. The info in this site also provides us a different perspective of looking at the

famine from a view that shows its historical impact.

Eviction in Ireland, Maggie Blanck, Photograph. Web.

maggieblanck.com/Mayopages/Eviction.html. Accessed 31 January 2018.

This image of men violently rebelling against one another that perpetuates the scenes of

uprisings well. Because many of our website sections contained a section for uprisings, images

like this really add to the website.

Ferriter, Diarmaid. “The Men Who Began the Revolution.” The Irish Times, The Irish Times,

22 Nov. 2013, Web.

irishtimes.com/culture/heritage/the-men-who-began-the-revolution-1.1604129.

Accessed 26 January 2018.

This particular page of the Irish Times allowed us to understand who the key figures during the

rising were and how they had a major effect in the plotting and execution of the rising. This

source also explained the motives behind the rising and why they were so committed to Irish

nationalism.

Ferriter, Diarmaid. “The Legacy of Eoin MacNeill, the Man Who Tried to Call off the Rising.”

The Irish Times, The Irish Times, 31 Oct. 2013, Web.

irishtimes.com/news/politics/the-legacy-of-eoin-macneill-the-man-who-tried-to-call-off

-the-rising-1.1579668. Accessed 17 February 2018.

This particular page of the Irish Times helped us gather more information on Eoin MacNeill, an

important figure in leading the Easter Rising. This especially aided us in our “Conflict: Easter


Rising” page.

“Foundation Of The Volunteers.” Foundation of the Volunteers | Defence Forces History | Info

Centre | Defence Forces, Web.

military.ie/info-centre/defence-forces-history/foundation-of-the-volunteers/. Accessed

21 February 2018.

This source allowed us to gain a basic overview of the founding of the various parties that

contributed to the rising. The website also contains various quotes from the leaders that we

used in our website.

Fox, Richard Michael. The History of the Irish Citizen Army. Duffy, 1945. Print. Accessed 12

March 2018.

This book by Richard Michael Fox showed us information on the Irish Citizen Army. In

addition, we used this book to get images, some of which are displayed on the “Conflict: Easter

Rising page.”

Gannon, Darragh. The 'Strange Rebirth' of Ireland after the Rising.

Independent.ie, 15 July 2017, Photograph. Web.

independent.ie/opinion/comment/the-strange-rebirth-of-ireland-after-the-rising-3593506

1.html. Accessed 14 March 2018.

This image of Éamon de Valera speaking in front of a massive crowd in which we utilized on

“Short-Term Influence” section of our website. This image helps illustrate the importance of

Éamon de Valera in history.

Government of Ireland. Irish President Michael D Higgins laid a Wreath at Kilmainham Gaol

in Dublin in Honour of the Revolutionaries who were Executed for their Part in the

Rebellion Against British Rule. 2016. Photograph. Accessed 12 March 2018.


This image from the Government of Ireland was about President Higgins and his tribute

towards the Irish rebel leaders who advocated for a free Ireland on Easter Rising. He did this by

remembering them with a wreath. We used this image in our “The Impact” section of our

website.

Hegarty, Shane, and Fintan O'Toole. “Easter Rising 1916 – the Aftermath: Arrests and

Executions.” The Irish Times, The Irish Times, 23 Mar. 2016, Web.

irishtimes.com/culture/heritage/easter-rising-1916-the-aftermath-arrests-and-execut

Ions-1.2583019. Accessed 12 February 2018.

This material on the aftermath of the Rising helped us gather more info on the arrests and

executions of the main leaders of the Rising. This site also provided us quotes from each leader,

seen in our “Prelude to the Compromise” page.

Higgins, Michael D. “Remembering 1916.” Dublin, RTÉ Archives, Ireland,

rte.ie/documents/news/address-by-michael-d-higgins.pdf.

This speech given by Michael D. Higgins, the president of Ireland, emphasizes the importance

of the Easter Rising and how the rebellion impacted Ireland today. A quote from this speech

was utilized in our “Long-Term Legacy” page under our “The Impact” page.

“History.” Sinn Féin, sinnfein.ie/history. Web. Accessed 18 February 2018.

The official Sinn Féin page provided us with a history of the Sinn Fein party and how they

came to be. The website also explains why Éamon de Valera decided to join their party and

why they won by a landslide victory.

History.com Staff. “Easter Rising.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 2009, Web.


history.com/topics/british-history/easter-rising. Accessed 24 January 2018.

This source allowed us to understand a basic information about Easter Rising. This was the first

website that we looked at to start our research. This particular page allowed us to gather ideas

on where we should further research to deepen our knowledge on this topic.

“How Revolutionary Were the Irish Volunteers?” History Ireland, 2 May 2014, Web.

historyireland.com/home-rule/how-revolutionary-were-the-irish-volunteers/. Accessed

12 February 2018.

This opinionated page on “How Revolutionary Were the Irish Volunteers” is significant

because it lead us to the Manifesto of the Irish Volunteers. This source was a stepping stone

into finding even better information on the Irish Volunteers and Manifesto of the Irish

Volunteers.

“How the Rising Was Planned.” RTÉ Libraries and Archives, Web.

rte.ie/centuryireland/index.php/articles/how-the-rising-was-planned. Accessed 11

February 2018.

This webpage showed us how the Rising was planned and what measures they took to keep the

planning private. This also showed how the British were aware and how they heard of the

rising and why they were caught by surprise because of the Rising.

“Ireland’s Opportunity? The First World War & 1916.” RTÉ Libraries and Archives, 8

February. 2016, Photograph. Web.

rte.ie/centuryireland/index.php/articles/the-first-world-war-1916. Accessed 19 February

2018.


This image allowed us to see how the first World War impacted the Easter Rising. We used the

knowledge and images we gained is embedded into our “Historical Context” page where we

reference the connection between World War I and Easter Rising.

Irish Citizen Army | Organisation and Membership | Search The Collection | Military Service

Pensions Collection (1916 - 1923) | Online Collections | Collections | Military

Archives, Web.

militaryarchives.ie/en/collections/online-collections/military-service-pensions-colle

ction/search-the-collection/organisation-and-membership/irish-citizen-army. Accessed

30 January 2018.

This source provided by the Military Archives allowed us to gain information at what

documents and forms must have been completed before someone was allowed into the secret

Irish Citizen Army. It shows the various pensionships that must have been completed before

entry was allowed.

Irlande, Guide. Bantry Bay - Baie De Bantry Dans Le Comté De Cork. Guide Irlande.com, 9

Aug. 2016, Photograph. Web. guide-irlande.com/sites-touristiques/bantry-bay/.


This painting, which was made around the time of the United Irishmen Rebellion, portrays

Theobald Wolfe Tone, the leader of the Society of United Irishmen. This image allows any

viewer of our website to more easily familiarize themselves with the appearance of this

important political leader.

Keegan, Gerald. Famine Diary Journey to a New World. Wolfhound Press, 1991. Print.


This book showed us primary visions of an Irish man and his family and their trip to the US

from Ireland in attempt to escape the war. Keegan describes being jammed onto a boat filled of


Irish fleeing the country and their experiences on the ship. This allowed insight on the lengths

that the Irish were going to take to escape the starvation and start a new life.

Kelly, John. The Graves Are Walking: a History of the Great Irish Famine. Faber and Faber,

2013. Print. Accessed 4 February 2018.

This book along with the information that it provides, supplies us with a map that is high

quality and that we can use to show the country of Ireland during the time. This book was one

of the most vital sources of our research, due to its analysis on a vast variety of topics,

including the conflict and compromise of our website. This book also elaborates on Irish

politicians, such as Daniel O’ Connell, and events preceding the famine, including the Irish

Rebellion 1798.

“Kilmainham Gaol.” Kilmainham Gaol Museum | The Office of Public Works, Dublin, 1966,

Photograph. Web. kilmainhamgaolmuseum.ie/. Accessed 7 May 2018.

This image of Kilmainham Gaol is utilized on our “Prelude to the Compromise” page under

“Compromise”. With this image, the viewer can visualize the setting of where the Irish rebel

leaders’ executions took place.

Lawless, Brian. 1916 Easter Rising Commemoration Mural. 26 March 2016. PA Images.

Dublin, Ireland. Photograph. Accessed 8 March 2018.

This image is of a commemoration mural that recognizes the work done by the rebel forces to

make Ireland the country it is today. The photographer is Brian Lawless in March of 2016.

Mahady, Colm. “Acting Taoiseach Enda Kenny Unveils the Initial Phase of the Necrology

Wall at Glasnevin Cemetery.” Hardline Protests Mar 1916 Remembrance | Irish

Examiner, 2016, Photograph. Web.


irishexaminer.com/ireland/hardline-protests-mar-1916-remembrance-390914.html.


This image is of the Easter Rising Remembrance Wall. This wall was created to remember both

the Irish and British soldiers that died in the Rising. This image is utilized on our “Long-Term

Legacy” page under “The Impact”.

Maxwells. “Easter Sunday Commemoration Ceremony .” 1916 Centenary: Thousands Attend

Military Parade on Streets of Dublin, Dublin, 27 Mar. 2016, Photograph. Web.

irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/1916-centenary-thousands-attend-military-para

de-on-streets-of-dublin-1.2588702. Accessed 12 May 2018.

This image of the Easter Rising commemoration is used on our banner image of our

“Long-Term Legacy” page. This image helps illustrate how the Rising was perceived by the

Irish public.

McEvoy, Dermot. Roger Casement, Executed 100 Years Ago Today, Had an Unlikely Fenian

Supporter. IrishCentral.com, 27 Sept. 2016, Photograph. Web.

irishcentral.com/roots/history/roger-casement-executed-100-years-ago-today-had-an-un

likely-fenian-supporter. Accessed 2 February 2018.

This image of Roger Casement was used in our website under the subheading in our World

War I page. This image is used to show his connection to the Rising, and how he attempted to

gain aid for the rebel forces. In addition to this, we were able to understand the effect of Roger

Casement on the plotting of Easter Rising.

McGarry, Fearghal. The Rising: Ireland: Easter 1916. Oxford University Press, 2017. Print.



This book showed us a great understanding of how the Rising impacted history today. In

addition to this, this book provided us with a lot of images. The book also goes into deep

understanding about each of the key groups during the Rising.

McGovern, Bryan. “Young Ireland and Southern Nationalism.” Young Ireland and Southern

Nationalism, Kennesaw State University, Sept. 2016, Web.

digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=google.com/

&httpsredir=1&article=1036&context=iss. Accessed 12 March 2018.

This journal article provides us with a highly detailed overview of the Young Ireland and the

Young Ireland Rebellion of 1848. This was one of the first sources we analyzed to understand

Irish Nationalism and its early origins. Our knowledge strengthened from this source, which is

shown in our “Historical Context” page, specifically under the “Great Famine” section.

“Members of the 32 County Sovereignty Movement on Parade in Creggan Cemetery during a

Centenary Commemoration of the 1916 Easter Rising in Derry, Easter Monday.” 1916

Parades: PSNI Investigates Suspected Dissident Breaches, Dublin, 28 Mar. 2016,

irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/1916-parades-psni-investigates-suspected-d

Issident-breaches-1.2589921. Accessed 12 May 2018.

This image is of members of the 32 County Sovereignty Movement commemorating the Easter

Rising in 2016. This source shows what the commemoration of the Rising looked like. This

image is utilized on our “Conflict: Easter Rising” page.

Mitchell, Angus. “The War Diary of Roger Casement.” The Irish Times, The Irish Times, 29

Apr. 2016, Web.

irishtimes.com/culture/heritage/the-war-diary-of-roger-casement-1.2629321. Accessed

1 February 2018.

This secondary diary of Roger Casement allows us to obtain information to explain what things


that one of the Volunteers, named Roger Casement, did through his diary. This also allowed to

caption what happened happened and pull quotes from this diary.

“Nationalism and the War of Independence.” The Cabinet Papers, The National Archives,

Kew, Surrey TW9 4DU, 28 Nov. 2008, Web.

nationalarchives.gov.uk/cabinetpapers/themes/nationalism-war-independence.htm.


The National Archives, through their webpage “Nationalism and the War of Independence”

provides a brief overview of Irish Nationalism and the Sinn Fein. This source is very significant

to us and our understanding of the Sinn Fein and its connection to the Rising.

O'Neill, Charles Edwards. “Toward American Recognition of the Republic of Ireland: De

Valera's Visit to New Orleans in 1920.” Louisiana History: The Journal of the

Louisiana Historical Association, vol. 34, no. 3, 1993, pp. 299–307. JSTOR, JSTOR,

Web. jstor.org/stable/4233035. Accessed 12 March 2018.

This article helped us understand why Éamon de Valera’s trip to the United States to gain aid

from the American forces was so significant in impacting the results of the coming years of

Irish history. This article also specifies how problematic not killing Éamon de Valera turned

out to be and how different history would be if de Valera would have died.

Parsons, Michael. Patrick Pearse Surrender Letter Set to Fetch €1.5m at Auction. The Irish

Times, The Irish Times, 29 Apr. 2016, Photograph. Web.

irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/patrick-pearse-surrender-letter-set-to-fetch-1-5

m-at-auction-1.2629936. Accessed 8 February 2018.

This image of Patrick Pearse’s surrender letter was used in our website. This image helped add

credibility when we mention how Patrick Pearse’s surrender letter was significant for the


revival of Irish nationalism.

Parsons, Michael. Rising Time Has Come. The Irish Times, 12 Mar. 2016, Photograph. Web.

irishtimes.com/life-and-style/homes-and-property/fine-art-antiques/rising-time-has-com

e-1.2569467. Accessed 15 February 2018.

This source provided images of many documents that were signed and written during the time

of the rising. This includes images of the surrender letter, plannings of the rising and the

official Martial Law passed.

Raidió Teilifís Éireann. “The Gaelic League and the 1916 Rising.” RTÉ Libraries and

Archives, Web. rte.ie/centuryireland/index.php/articles/the-gaelic-league-and-the

-1916-rising. Accessed 16 April 2018.

This source provided us with invaluable secondary information on the Gaelic League and its

connection to the Easter Rising. This source further aided us in understanding the purpose of

the Gaelic League and how the conception of Irish nationalism changed the organization.

“Redmond Urges Irish Volunteers to Join the British Army.” RTÉ Libraries and Archives,

Web .rte.ie/centuryireland/index.php/articles/redmond-urges-irish-volunteers-to-join-the

-british-army. Accessed 7 February 2018.

This particular page in the RTE Archives allowed us to understand how the Irish Volunteers

became such as massive group that would contribute greatly towards the rising. This website

also showed why the Irish Volunteers were so significant and how they contributed towards the

plotting and execution of the rising.

Seán MacDiarmada – Willing Martyr of the Easter Rising 1916. Ireland Calling, Photograph.


Web. ireland-calling.com/sean-macdiarmada-easter-rising-1916/. Accessed 2 February

2018.

This image of Seán MacDermott was used in our website, to emphasize his important role in

the Rising, as he was one of the signers of the Proclamation of the Irish Republic. In addition to

this, we were able to understand the effect of Seán MacDermott on the plotting of Easter

Rising.

“Society of the United Irishmen.” Society of the United Irishmen | World EBook Library -

EBooks, Web. newspaperslibrary.org/articles/eng/Society_of_the_United_Irishmen.


This was the first source we utilized that gave us an in depth analysis on the Society of the

United Irishmen and all of their intentions. With its excellent analysis, this website proves to be

a reliable source that provides enough information to completely understand the significance of

this group.

Steele, Karen. “Editing out Factionalism: The Political and Literary Consequences in Ireland's

‘Shan Van Vocht.’” Victorian Periodicals Review, vol. 35, no. 2, 2002, pp. 113–132.

JSTOR, JSTOR, Web. jstor.org/stable/20083865. Accessed 10 March 2018.

This article explained to us about the first Irish nationalist newspaper called the Shan Van

Vocht. The article goes into detail about how many of the women and signatories wanted a new

Ireland and how they planned to achieve it. This grew our background knowledge of the Irish

nationalism history.

“Strikers Urged to Join New Citizen Army.” RTÉ Libraries and Archives, Web.

rte.ie/centuryireland/index.php/articles/irish-citizen-army-founded-in-dublin.



This source from the RTÉ Libraries and Archives gave us a better understanding on the origins

of the Citizen Army. The information gathered from this website is located on the “Conflict:

Easter Rising” page.

“The Blight Begins.” Irish Potato Famine: The Blight Begins, The History Place, 2000, Web.

historyplace.com/worldhistory/famine/begins.htm. Accessed 12 March 2018.

This source provided us with plenty of secondary information on the Irish Potato Famine. The

majority of the information we gathered were about the beginning of the famine, and the

British’s attempts to aid the Irish.

“The Easter Rising Begins in Dublin.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, Web.

history.com/this-day-in-history/the-easter-rising-begins-in-dublin. Accessed 6 February

2018.

This particular webpage was one of the first sources that we looked at to gain a basic

knowledge on Easter Rising. The information we gathered created a gateway into many other

various sources that we would then look into to deepen our research and understanding.

“The Fools, The Fools, The Fools!”. Webfactory, Web.

glasnevintrust.ie/visit-glasnevin/news/the-fools-the-fools-the-fools/. Accessed 8

February 2018.

This source provided us with information on the Irish leaders whose role was conferencing with

the German forces in hopes of German aid in the rebellion. “The Fools, The Fools, The Fools!”

contained quotes of these discussions that we used in our website.


The Irish Election of 1918. The Irish General Election of 1918, Photograph. Web.

ark.ac.uk/elections/h1918.htm. Accessed 16 February 2018.

This image of the results from the Irish General Election of 1918 provided us with data that

was important for us and the reader to understand. This image is displayed on “Short-Term

Influence” section of our website.

The Irish War of Independence 1919 - 21. Introduction - The Irish War of Independence 1919 -

21 - Waterford County Museum, Photograph. Web.

waterfordmuseum.ie/exhibit/web/Display/article/318/The_Irish_War_of_Independence

_1919__21.html. Accessed 10 March 2018.

This image of Éamon de Valera that we utilized in our “Éamon de Valera’s Excuse” section

where we state his impact and the British’s compromise to not kill him. This image helps

define his authoritative position in the compromise and allow the reader to appeal to who he

was.

The National Archives. “Nationalism and the War of Independence.” The Cabinet Papers, The

National Archives, Kew, Surrey TW9 4DU, 28 Nov. 2008, Web.

nationalarchives.gov.uk/cabinetpapers/themes/nationalism-war-independence.htm.


This source provided by the National Archives displays a detailed overview on the Sinn Fein

party and the Irish War of Independence. From this source, we found out by what margin the

Sinn Fein party claimed victory in the Irish General Election of 1918, and this info was utilized

in our “Short-Term Influence” page on our website.

The People of the 1916 Easter Rising. The Irish Times, Photograph. Web.

irishtimes.com/1916/people-of-the-1916-rising. Accessed 27 January 2018.


This image of the leaders as well as information about the various leaders and how they made

an impact on the Rising was utilized in our website. Because of this, we could add a subsection

on our website that was dedicated to the key figures in the Rising.

The Seven Signatories. Jason O'Ceannobhain Art, jocartstudio.com/gallery/portraits/.

Photograph. Web. Accessed 11 March 2018.

This image from Jason O'Ceannobhain showing the seven signatories during the 1916 Easter

Rising was used in our website to give a visual display of the seven signatories. We used this

image in the Conflict: Easter Rising page to clarify who were the seven signatories of the Irish

Proclamation.

“The Sunday Independent Made Grim Reading for the IRB Military Council Which Met at

Liberty Hall: It Featured MacNeill’s Countermand, a Reference to Casement’s Arrest in

Kerry, and News of the Accidental Drowning of Three Men on Their Way to Set up a

Transmitter for Signaling the Aud.” The Rising: Easter Sunday, 23 April, Dublin, 1916,

Photograph. Web. nli.ie/1916/exhibition/en/content/rising/23april/. Accessed 8 May

2018.

This image of the Easter Rising getting canceled is used on our “Easter Sunday/Monday” page

to back up our information on how the Rising was canceled. This image also allows us to add

credibility to the page because of the primary newspaper that is used in the background.

The Week of the Rising. RTÉ Archives, 28 Jan. 2016, Photograph. Web.

rte.ie/archives/exhibitions/1993-easter-1916/the-week-of-the-rising/. Accessed 10

March 2018.


This image of the Irish Republican Brotherhood gathering together for a meeting showed the

secrecy of the rebel leaders, and their determination towards doing the best for the Irish people.

We integrated this image into our page on “Tuesday - Friday”.

Thomas Clarke. Ask about Ireland, Photograph. Web.

askaboutireland.ie/learning-zone/primary-students/subjects/history/history-the-full-story

/ireland-the-early-20th-ce/leaders-of-the-1916-risin/thomas-clarke/. Accessed 31

January 2018.

This image of Thomas Clarke, one of the signers of the Proclamation of the Irish Republic, was

utilized in our website under the subheading Death Sentences. In addition to this, we were able

to understand the effect of Thomas Clarke on the plotting of Easter Rising.

“Those That Set the Stage Douglas Hyde, Eoin MacNeill, and the Gaelic League.” National

Library of Ireland - 1916 Exhibition, National Library of Ireland, Web.

nli.ie/1916/exhibition/en/content/stagesetters/culture/hyde-macneill/. Accessed 16 April

2018.

This page by the National Library of Ireland provided insight into the key figures in the Gaelic

League, Eoin MacNeill and Douglas Hyde. This database further allowed us to understand why

these two leaders were so interested in reviving Irish culture, and how they thought it would

leave an impact on Irish nationalism.

“Tom Clarke: The Spirit of the 1916 Easter Rising.” Pearl River Ancient Order

of Hibernians, 17 Feb. 2017, Web. praoh.org/tom-clarke-spirit-1916-easter-rising/.



This source gave us more insight on Thomas Clarke, one of the most influential leaders of the

Easter Rising. We began to understand the significance of Thomas Clarke and his particular

role in the plotting of the Rising through the information we gathered in this source.

Villanova University. “Gaelic Revival.” Library Exhibits :: Gaelic Revival, Web.

exhibits.library.villanova.edu/jack-butler-yeats/revival/. Accessed 15 April 2018.

Villanova University page on the Gaelic Revival provided us with a basic understanding of the

Gaelic Revival League and how the Gaelic League Revival connects to Irish nationalism. This

website was one of the first websites we researched into to gain a basic understanding of the

Gaelic Revival League.

Wertz, Frederick. “The Gaelic Revival in Ireland and America.” IrishCentral.com, 11 Oct.

2016, Web. irishcentral.com/roots/the-gaelic-revival-in-ireland-and-america. Accessed

15 April 2018.

Through this source, we gathered an understanding of how the Gaelic League not only affected

Ireland, but many places internationally, most notably the United States. This webpage shows

how the spread of Irish culture went global when many Irish citizens migrated to different

places to communities started by the Famine. We got to understand how Irish culture arrived in

America, and Irish culture became known internationally.

“What Saved De Valera from Firing Squad?” Independent.ie, Independent.ie, 3 Mar. 2016,

Web. independent.ie/irish-news/1916/the-rising-explained/what-saved-dev-from-firing

-squad-34385779.html. Accessed 3 February 2018.


This source was a key reference in providing us with information that we used in our “Éamon

de Valera’s Excuse” section of our website. This webpage explained how Éamon de Valera had

such a big impact on the aftermath of the rising and included quotes that we used in our

website.

“What You Need to Know About the Aftermath of the Easter Rising 1916.” TripSavvy, Web.

tripsavvy.com/easter-rising-the-aftermath-1542951. Accessed 30 January 2018.

This was the first source we used which provided a basis of the aftermath of Easter Rising. This

source opened the door for us to explore more sources that we could use to deepen our

knowledge on the aftermath.

“World War II: Irish Prime Minister Eamon De Valera's Speech on Irish Neutrality.” Irish

Prime Minister Eamon De Valera's Speech on Irish Neutrality (December 1941),

Lecture/Speech. Web.

jewishvirtuallibrary.org/irish-prime-minister-eamon-de-valera-s-speech-on-irish-neutral

ity-december-1941. Accessed 14 February 2018.

This lecture/speech said by Éamon de Valera on Irish Neutrality granted us information about

Valera’s point of view towards obtaining Irish independence. An important quote was taken

from this website said by de Valera himself and put on our “Short-Term Influence” page.

Documents

Annotated Bibliography Boston Globe, July 9, 1916 , Newspaper. …62049374.weebly.com/uploads/1/1/5/0/115026067/nhd... · 2018. 5. 16. · Annotated Bibliography Primary Sources “American