Andrews University

Volume 31 Number 1 Spring 1993

Andrews University Press

ANDREWS UNIVERSITY SEMINARY STUDIES

The Journal of the Seventh-day Adventist Theological Seminary of Andrews University, Berrien Springs, Michigan 49104, U.S.A.

Editors: KENNETH A. STRAND, NANCY J. VYHMEISTER

Associate Editors: GERHARD F. HASEL, ROBERT M. JOHNSTON, JON PAULIEN, LEONA G. RUNNING.

Editorial Assistant: SALLY KIASIONG-ANDRIAMIARISOA

Circulation Manager: SHAN FARRELL

Data Processor: JENNIFER KHARBTENG

Editorial and Circulation Offices: AUSS, seminary Hall, Andrews University, Bemen Springs, MI 49104-1500, U.S.A. Phone: (616) 471-6395 / (616) 471-6023. Fax: (616) 473-4472 Electronic Mail: auss@andrews.edu

ANDREWS UNIVERSITY SEMINARY STUDIES publishes papers and brief notes on the following subjects: Biblical linguistics and its cognates, Biblical theology, textual criticism, exegesis, Biblical archaeology and geography, ancient history, church history, systematic theology, philosophy of religion, ethics, history of religions, missiology, and special areas relating to practice of ministry and to religious education.

The opinions expressed in articles, brief notes, book reviews, etc., are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the editors.

Subscription Information: ANDREWS UNIVERSITY SEMINARY STUDIES is published in the Spring, Summer, and Autumn. The subscription rate for 1993 is as follows:

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Please send all communications regarding subscription to: Circulation, AUSS, Seminary Hall, Andrews University, Berrien Springs, MI 491041500, U.S.A.

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TRANSLITERATION O F HEBREW A N D ARAMAIC

CONSONANTS

MASORETIC VOWEL POINTINGS

- - - - - .::, : (vocal shewa) = - -

7 - '.,.,'.. = ? - 0 7: -

- n -. - - . - i = 8 - .. - . e 7 . = i' - ... - u - .. - -

7 - 0 l = i i - (D3gPS Forte i s indicated by doubling the consonant.)

--

ABBREVIATIONS OF BOOKS A N D PERIODICALS

AASOR Annual , Amrr . Sch. o f Or. Re,. B T T h e Bible Translator 4 B Anchor Bthlc R T B Biblical T h r o l o p Bullclin AcOr Arlo orirntalia HZ Biblischc Zrilschn~fl .ICW Ancient Chrtstian Wrlterr RZAW R r ~ h r f t e zur ZA W ADA] Annual , Drp. o f Ant . of Jordan BZNW Reihcfte zur ZNW AER Amerrcan Ecclrsiortical R ~ i n v A f O .4rchit, fur O~icnt forschung C A D Chicago Assyrian Dictionary

A H R Amrrtron Htsloriral R n i m Catholic Biblical Qwr l r r l y EEQ Christian Century A H W \'on Sodcn. Akkad. Handwdrlrrb. CH Church A J A Am. Journal of Archaeologyog~ A IBA A w l r l ourn . of Bnbl. Arch.

C I f R Catholir Historical R n i r w

AISL A m . Jr l . Srm. Long. and Lit. CIC. Corpu$ Inscriptionum Gramarum

Corp Inscript. J u d a i u r u m A J T Amfr iran lournal o f Thro10g-v carp, ~ ~ ~ ~ i ~ ~ . ~~~i~~~~~ ANEP Anc. Ncar East in Ptcfurcs,

Prirchard, ed. CIS Corp Inscript. Semiticarurn

ANESTF' Anc. Ncar E a t : SUPPI, T rx t s and Canadian

Pz r lu r r~ . Pr~rchard, ed . Churrh Quarterly

A N E T Ancient Near Eostcrn Trx l s , R Church Quartrrlv R N i c w

Pr~tchard. ed . C R Corpu5 Reformatorum

ANF T h e Ante-Niccnc Fathen C T Christianity Todoy

AnOr .Analects Oricntalia C T M Conrordia Thrologiral Monthly

, 405 A m m r a n Oncntal Feries CurTM Currents in Thro l and Mirsion APOT Aporr Psrud o f O T , C h a r l a , e d , DACL Dirt. d'orrhiol chr i t . r t d r lit .

A R C Archwfur Rcformalionsgcsch. D O T T Docr from O T T imrr , Thomas , ed.

A R M \rch~\es robales de Marl D r c Dzrt d r th iol . colh ArOr Arrhtv Ortrntdlni FKL E~~nngri tschrs Kirchrnlcxikon A R W Archiu flir Rcl~gionswissrnschaf1 Enn.rlof'rd'a islam ASV Arnrr~can Standard \'enion FncJud Fnnrioprdia ludaica (1971) A T R A n g l m m Thcologkal R m i r w E R Erumrn~co l R m t c w AUM Andrewr Un lv . M o n o p p h r f t rQ Euangrlical Quarterly A w R R Awlrolian Biblical R ~ i c w EuT Eoangeluchc Thrologir AUSS Andrcu's Uniu. Srm. Sfudicr F x p T i m Fxporttory T imes B A Ribltcal Archatologist FC Fathers o f thc Church R A R Rthltral Arrharoloysst Rcadrr G R R S Crrck , Roman , and Hyz. Studies B A R N R i b l ~ m l Archacoloqy R r v i m HrvJ H n t h r o p lournal BASOR Rul lr t in , Amrr . ~ c h . of Or. Rcs HihJ Htbbrrl Journal RCSR Rull of Counczl on Sludv o f Rcl. H R Htstory of Religions Bib Biblica HSM Harvard Femlt~c Monographs BlbR R~hl i lche BcitrPge H T R Howard Theological R m i r w R!t>Or Bthlica et Oricntalza HTS Hanard Theological Studies RIES Rull o f lsr Explor. Soczchi HUCA Hrbrcw Unlon College A n n w l R ] R L Bullclin, john Rylandr ~ i b r a r y IR Intrrprrtrr's R ~ b l r RK H~hc l und Kirchr ICC Internauonal C r ~ t ~ c a l Commentary BO Bibliothrca Orirnlolis IDR Inter rrlrr's Dtcl. of Riblr

Baptist Qwr l c r l R m i c w IEJ Israr~Exploral ion Journal S R Biblical RrsrarcK /n t Intcrprctation RSac Bibliothrca Sacra I T Q lrrsh Thcologicd Quarlrrly

Abbreviations (cont.)

J A A R

G S /AS JB IBL IBR ICS

:fi", IEOL ]ES IHS 11s jMrH IMES IMH ]NES IPOS

;Y JRAS IRE /Re& IRH IRS I R T

$ L T

j 2 R /Tc ITS KJV LCC LCL

%K LW McCQ MLB M 4 R N 4B NASB NCR NEB Ncot NHS NICN'I NICOT NIV NKZ NovT NPNF N R T N T A NTS NTTS ODCC OIP OLZ Or OrChr 0 TS PEFQS

3 PI PL PW QDAP RA RAC RArch

lourn., Amcr. Acad. o f Rcl. jahrb. fiir Ant. und Christcntum lourn. of thc Amcr. Or. Soc. lournal of Asian Studics Jerusalem Bible, ones, ed. lournal of BibIica!Litcraturc Iournal of Biblc and Rcligion lournal of Cuneiform Studics lournal of Egyptian Archaeology lourno1 o f Eccleriastiral Hirt. Jaorbcricht, Ex Oricntc Lux Journal of Ecumcnicol Studies ]ourno1 of Hcllcnic Studics ]ourno1 of lewish Studics journal of Mcdiwal History lournal of Middlc Easlern Studies journal of Modern Hirtory Journal of Near Eastern Studics lourn., Palcst. Or. Soc. Jcwirh Quartcrly R w i m Journal of Religion lournal of Royal Asiatic Society lournal of Religious Ethics lournal of Religious Studies lournal of Religious History lournal of Roman Studics lournal of Rclicious Thought lournal for thc Study of ludaum lournal for fhc Study of O T lournal of Scmitic Studics lourn., Scient. Study of Rcligion lournal for Thcol. and Church lournal of Thcol. Studies King James Venion Library o f Christian Classin Loeb Classical Library Lutheran Qwrtcrly I.cxikon fiir Theol. und Kirchc Lutheran World McCormick Quarterly Vodern Language Bible Mcnnonitc Quartcrly Rwicw New .\merican Bible New American Standard Bible New Century Bible New English Bible Nrotrctamentica Nag Hammadi Studies New lnternaticnal Commentary. N T New International Commentary. O T New International Version Ncuc Kirchlichc Zcitschrift Novum Tertamentum Niccne and Post. Nic. Fathers Nouwllc rwue thCologiquc Nc~u Tcstamcnt Abstracts Ncm Tcrtamcnt Studies N T Tools and Studies Oxford Dict. of Christian Church Oriental Institute Publications Orientalistischc Litcraturuitung Orientalia Orzcns Chrktianur Oudtrstamentischc Studien Pal. ExpI. Fund, Quart. Statcm. Palertinc Exploration Quartcrly Palrolocia grarca, Migne, ed. Palartina-Jahrbuch Patrologia latina, Migne, ed. Pauly-Wissowa. Rcal-Encyl. Quarterly, Dcp. of Ant. in Pal. RWUC d'assyriologic ct d'archC01. Rcallexikon fiir Antike und Chr. Revuc archiologiquc R w u e biblinue

~ c c h ~ i b Rcchcrches bihliques RcchSR R~chcrches de scicncc reliaicusc REg R w v c d'i,rpptologie RclS Religious Studics RclSoc Rcligion and Socicty RclSRm Rcligiolrs Studies R w i m

Renaissance Quartcrly :=$%# Rcvicw and Expositor

RwSCm RHE R HPR R H R R L RLA RPTK R R R R R RS RSPT RSV R T P SB SBLDS SBLMS SRLSBS SBLTT SBT

R w u e dc Qumidn ?I RWUC dcs sciences rcligielrses

R m e simitiquc Revue d'hirtoirc ccclCdiastique R w u c d'hist. ct dc philos. rcl. R m u e dc I'histoirc des rcligiont Rcligion in Lifc Reallcxikon dcr Assyriologic Rcalcncykl. fur prot. T h . u. Kirchc R c v i w of Rcligion Review of Rcligiour Research Religious Studtcs RWUC drs sc. phil. ct thC01. Revised Standard Venion Revue dc thiol. et dc phil. Sources bibliques Soc. o f Bibl. Lit. Diun t . Ser. Soc. o f Bibl. Lit. Monograph Ser. Soc. o f Bibl. Lit. Sources for Bibl. Study Soc. o f Bibl. Lit. Texts and Trans. Studies In Biblical Theology

SCJ Sixteenth Century lournai SCR Studics in Comparative Religion Scm Srmitica

Scottish Journal of Theology t c R T Studia in Med. and Re f . Thought SOr Studia Orientalia SPB Studia Postbiblica .- - SSS Semitic Studies Series ST Studia Thcologica TAPS Transactions 2 Am. Philos. Society T D Theology Digcst T D N T Thcol. Did. of N T , Kittel and

Friedrich, eds. T D O T Thcol. Dict. of O T . Bottemeck and

Ringgrcn, eds. T E H Theologischc Existcnz Hcute T C l Theologic und Glaube T H A T Theol. Handworl. I . A T , Jenni and

Westerrnann, cds. TLZ Theologirche Litcraturuitung T P Theologic und Philosophic

Theologischc Qwrtalschrift %d Traditio T R c v Thcologischc Revue T R u Thcologischc Rundschau TS Theological Sludics T T Trologisk Tidsrkrift TToday Thcology Today T U Tex te und Untersuchungm TZ Theologischc Zcitschrift IIBSCNT United Bible Societies Creck N T UP Ugarit-Forschungcn USQR Union Seminary Quartcrly Rcvicw VC Vigiliac Chrirtianae V T Vctus Tcrtamentum VTSup V T , Supplements W A Luther's Works. Weimar Ausgabe W O Dic Welt dcs Orients

Wcstminstcr Thcol. Journal ;ZiM Wiener Zcitsch. f . d . Rundc d. Mor. ZA Zcitschrift fur Assyriologic 2 1 s Zcitsch. fiir agptischc Sproche ZA W Zeitrch. fiir dic al t tn. Win . ZDMG Zcitsch. dcr dcutsch. morgcnl.

Ccscllschaft ZDPV Zcitrch. dcs deutsch. PaLVcr. ZEE Lcitschrift fur waneclische Ethik ZHT Zcitrch. jur hut . ~i;eologie ZKC Zettschrift flir Kirchrngcschichte ZKT Zettsrh. fur kath. Thcoloeie ZMR ~c i t sch&f t fur ~issionsk&dc und - . , ,

Religionswisscnschaft ZNW Zcitrch. fur dic ncutcs. Win . ZRCC Zcitsch. jiir Rcl. u. Gcirtcsgcsch. ZST Zeilschrift fur mst. Theoloeic ZTK Zcitsch. f& ~ h c o l . und ~ i r ; h e ZWT Zcitschrift fur wissenschafbliche

Thcologie