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2002

, REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

HER EXCELLENCYPRESIDENT GLORIA MACAPAGAL-ARROYO~~. , ... .... ,

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NATIONAL STATISTICS OFFICE

CARMELITA N. ERICTAAdministrator

PAULA MONINA G. COLLADODeputy Administrator

.ISSN 1655-1583

FOREWORD

r.2002 Motemo' and Chl'd Health SU""'Y (MCHS)Fino' Report offe.facts that are useful in influencing policy makers and program managers to effectivel~implement the maternal and child health programs of the government. SpecificallY;the MCHS Finai Report presents up-to-date data on prenatal and postnatal care!protection at birth against neonatal tetanus, immunization, breastfeeding, and vitaminA and Iron supplementation of children. I

The 2002 MCHS is the fifth in a series of annual MCHS surveys the PhiliPPine~National Statistics Office (PNSO)has conducted since 1997. It was conducted i~cooperation with the Department of Health (DOH) and the United States Agency fdInternational Development (USAID). Funding assistance was provided by the USAID,while technical assistance in the estimation and analysis of data was provided by th I

International Programs Center of the United States Census Bureau.

The successful completion of the 2002 MCHS was made possible by th .unwavering support of our survey respondents and the dedication of the PNSOstaff i .the preparation, field operations, and post-enumeration activities. Toall of them anthe countless supporters of PNSOactivities, MARAMING SALAMAT.

~ . .",,1 me .'-¥..~-CARMELITA N. ERICTA

Administrator

Manila, PhilippinesMarch 2003

I\'.

CONTENTS

FOREWORD , , , ,, ,,.. .. .. .. .. ... iiiCONTENTS.,................................................................................. vLISTOF TABLES...... . ... ... . ... ... viLISTOF FIGURES............................................................................ viiiLISTOF ACRONYMS....................................................................... ixSUMMARYOF FINDINGS.................................................................. x

I. BACKGROUND......................................................................... 1Survey Objectives : 1Sampling Design and Implementation 1The Questionnaire..................................................................... 2Response Rate 5Presentation of Findings............................................................. 5

II, CHARACTERISTICSOF RESPONDENTS , " , ,........ 7General Characteristics .. . .. .. . .. .. .. .. ... . .. ... .. .. .. .. .. ... .. ... . .. ... .. . 7

III. MATERNALAND CHILD CARE , , , , ,.................. 11Prenatal Care 11Iron Supplementation During Pregnancy , , ,..... 15Tetanus Immunization , , ,., " ,........ 17Assistance During Delivery ,......... .. .. ...... ....... . .. ....... 22Postnatal Care 24Immunization of Children ,., , ,.,......... 26

IV. INFANTFEEDINGAND SUPPLEMENTATION , , , ,. 31Breastfeeding , , ,., ".,.................. 31Vitamin A and Iron Supplementation ,... 34

REFERENCES." , , ,............... 37

LISTOF TABLESTable 1Response rates, by region for April 2002 Labor ForceSurvey (LFS)and Maternal and Child Health Survey(MCHS), Philippines: 2002 .

Table 2Number and percent of women in reproductive age(15 to 49 years old) who at the time of the surveywere mothers of surviving children 0 to 59 months ofage by age group, Philippines: 2002 .

Table 3Percent distribution of women with surviving childreno to 59 months of age by residence and region,Philippines: 2002 \ .

Table 4Number and percent of surviving children 0 to 59months of age by age group, Philippines: 2002 .

6

7

9

10

TableSDistribution of women with surviving children 0 to 59months of age by number of prenatal care visitsand residence, Philippines: 2002............................................................................ 12

Table 6Distribution of women with surviving children 0 to59 months of age by number of prenatal carevisits and selected background characteristics,Philippines: 2002 .

Table 7Distribution of women with surviving children 0 to59 months of age who received prenatal careby type of prenatal care provider and residence,Philippines: 2002 .

Table 8Number and percent of women with survivingchildren Oto 59 months of age by whether or notiron suppiements were received duringpregnancy with the youngest surviving child andresidence, Philippines: 2002 .

13

14

16

.VI

Table 9Distribution of children 0 to 59 months of age bywhether or not they are protected againstneonatal tetanus as a result of mother's tetanustoxoid vaccination (TIV)and selected backgroundcharacteristics, Philippines: 2002 .

Table 70Percent distribution of surviving chiidren 0 to 59months of age by number of tetanus toxoidinjections given to the mother during pregnancyby residence, Philippines: 2002 .

20

21

Table 70aPercent distribution of surviving chiidren 0 to 59months of age by number of tetanus toxoidinjections given to the mother during pregnancyby residence, Phiiippines: 1993 and 1998 22

Table 77Percent distribution of chiidren 0 to 59 months ofage by type of birth attendant during deliveryaccording to background characteristics,Phiiippines: 2002 . 23

Table 72Number and percent of women with survivingchiidren 0 to 59 months of age who receivedpostnatal care by type of service received andresidence, Phiiippines: 2002 ,.."."." .., ,.".,',."." "." ..,."." ..,.,." ,.., , 24

Table 73Percentage of fuliy immunizeo chiidren12 to 23 months of age by residence, 1997Philippines: 1997 to 2002 , 27

Table 74Confidence intervals for estimates of fullyimmunized chiidren 12 to 23 months of age in2001 and 2002 MCHS ,..,..,..,..,.., " ..,..,.., , " ..,..,.., ,..,..,..,..,.,..,..,..,..,.. 27

Table 75Percentage of chiidren 12 to 23 months whoare fully immunized according to thevaccination card or the mothe~s report,Philippines: 2002 .... ,.,..,..... ,..,..... ,.." ..,..,..,..,.." ..,.."." ..,..,..,..,.." .... ,..,..... ,..,.... ,..,.... 28

..Vll

Table 16Distribution of children who have receivedspecified vaccines, and number andpercentage of fuliy immunized children by 30age of child and residence, Philippines: 2002 """""""""."""."""."".,,",,.,,.,,""

Table 17Number and percent of women by number ofmonths breastfeeding the youngest child andmedian months of breastfeeding, Philippines: 2002 """"".,,"""""""""""""""" 32

Table 18Distribution of women who never breastfed by .primary reason breastfeeding was neverinitiated and residence, Phiiippines: 2002 ".""""""""".""".""".".".".".".,,",,.,,. 33

Table 19Women who ever breastfed and women whoare not currentiy breastfeeding youngest childby primary reason for stopping breastfeedingand residence, Phiiippines: 2002 ."""."""""."".".""""".""""".".".".".".".".".,, 34

Table 20Percent of chiidren 6 to 59 months of agewho received vitamin A or iron drops/syrupduring the six months preceding the surveyby selected background characteristics,Philippines; 2002."." ....".".".,"',.,''''".".".,.,''''''',.,', ..".,'".,''', ..,.,'''',." .."',., ..,,.,...'" 35

LISTOF FIGURESF/gure 1Percent distribution of women inreproductive ages with surviving childreno to 59 months of age by age group,Philippines: 2001 and 2002 .".".""".""""."."""."." ...""." .. ".""."."".".".".,,"""

Figure 2Percent distribution of women whoreceived prenatal care during pregnancywith youngest surviving child by prenatalcare provider, Philippines: 2001 and 2002 "".""",, .".,,''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

8

15

FigureSPercent of women who received at leastone dose of tetanus toxoid vaccination(TIV),Philippines: 2001 and 2002 "".".".""""."."."""""".""""".".".".".".""."". 17

F/gure4Percent of surviving children 0 to 59months of age who are protectedagainst neonataL tetanus by residence,Philippines: 2001 and 2002 "."."."""."."""."".".""".".".".".""."."".".""."."."." 19

F/gureSDistribution of women by type ofpostnatal care service received afterdelivery of the youngest child,Philippines: 2001 and 2002 "."."."."."."""".".".""".".".".".".".".".""."."""."." 25

F/gure6Percent of children 6 to 59 months of age whoreceived vitamin A or iron drops/syrup during thesix months preceding the survey by yearPhilippines: 2002 36

Figure 7Percent of children 6 to 59 months of age whoreceived vitamin A or iron drops/syrup during thesix months preceding the survey by residence, 36Philippines: 2002 ." ..""." .."."" .."."."."." .."."." ..". ". " ..:". ". ". ". ". ". ". " ". ". ". ". " .."

.lX

APPENDICESAppendtxAMCHS Form 1 - 2002 MCHS Questionnaire "."""."."""" """" .."""",,""""""",,.. 41

AppendtxB2002 FPS/MCHSForm 1 - Listing Form """"""""" """"" ..",,. """" .."",, .... """"... 45

AppendtxCTraining, Field Operations and Data Processing""""""". """""""""""""""",,.. 46

AppendtxDDistribution of women by prenatal careprovider/delivery assistant based on multiple response """"""""""""" ..".,,,,,,,,, 49

AppendtxETabulation of sampling errors for selected estimates "" """""""""""""""""""'"

51

AppendtxFResults based on new regional grouping"""""""""""""""""" """"""""",,. "". 58

AppendtxGResuits based on women with children under 3 andon chlldreh under 3 """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""'" .."""""". 67

x

ACRONYMS

.' ....:""' '..

ARMM

BCG

CAR

DOH

DPT

DSO

EA

EN

ERFIC

FPS

HSD

LFS

MI

NCR

NDHS

NDS

NGO

PNSO

POPCEN

PSO

RD

SCO

SRnvUSAID

WHO

Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao

Bacillus Calmette Guerin

Cordillera Administrative Region

Department ofHealth

Diphtheria Pedussis Tetanus >District Statistics Officer

EnumerationcArea .," -

Enumerator.

Eligible Respondent

Fully Immuni~ed Child.

Family Pianning Survey

Household Statistics Department

Labor Force Survey

Macro Internationai Incorporated

National Capital Region

National Demographic and Health Survey

National Demographic Survey

Non-Government Organization

Philippine National Statistics Office

1995 Census of Population

Provincial Statistics Officer

Regional Director

Statistical Coordination Officer

Statistical Researcher .

Tetanus Toxoid Vaccination

United States Agency for International Development

World Health Organization

.Xl

SUMMARY OFFINDINGS

, Thisreport presents the results of the 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey,specifically, information on maternal and child health care received by womenaged 15 to 49 years with surviving children under age five.

• About 94.1 percent of the respondent women received prenatal care duringpregnancy with their youngest surviving child. About two-thirds (67.5 percent)of these women had the recommended 4 or more prenatal visits duringpregnancy ..

• About 60.4 percent of women residing in urban areas received prenatal carefrom a doctor while 61 .9 percent among rural women received prenatal carefrom a nurse or midwife,

• .Maternal care services received for both urban and rural women during theirpostnatal visits were mainly for check-up of baby (78.2 percent) and babycare advice (62.6 percent). More than half also had abdominal examination(56.9 percent) and received breastfeeding advice (55.2 percent).

• A higher percentage of children in the rural areas (65.1 percent) than in the. urban areas ( 58.8 percent) are protected against neonatal tetanus.

. .• Coverage rate was highest for BCG, and first doses of DPTand OPV, while it

was lowest for the third dose of Hepatitis Bvaccine. ,

•. The proportion of children 12 to 23 months of age who are fully immunizedwas 62.9 percent in 2002, slightly higher than the 2001 level (61.3 percent).

• About 10.3 percent of women with surviving children under age five never. breastfed. .

• ..About 89.7 percent of women with children underage 5 reported havingbreastfed or were breastfeeding their youngest child at the time of the survey.

• The most frequently cited reason for never initiating breastfeeding by urbanand rural women was insufficient milk.

•. Eighty -six percent of children aged 6 to 59 months were given vitamin Acapsules while 72.8 percent were given iron drops/syrup.

xii

BACKGROUND

r,2002 Mat_I aod Child HeaRhSo","" (MeHS(~ a Mfiaow;oosample survey conducted by the Philippine National Statistics Office (PNSO)as a rider tothe April 2002 round of the Labor Force Survey (LFS), It involved interviewing all femalemembers aged 15 to 49 years in the sample households in the LFS,with survivingchildren below five years of age.

Funding assistance was provided by the United States Agency for InternationalDevelopment (USAID). Technical assistance in the sampiing estimation and data analysiswas provided by the 'Internatlonal Programs Center of the U.S.Census Bureau.

Survey/Objectives

<) r2002 MCHS~' 'Pocmca" ""'0000 tomeasure the following program indicators:

the percentage of women who receive prenatal and postnatal care;

the percentage of children protected at birth against neonatal tetanus;

the percentage of children who receive different types of immunization, andthe percentage of children who are fully immunized;

the percentage of women breastfeeding, the duration of breastfeeding, andthe reasons why mothers never initiated breastfeeding or stop breastfeeding;and

the percentage of children who receive vitamin A and iron supplements.

Sampling Design andlip ~ Implementation SIIhewomen

interviewed as part of the 2002 MCHS were selected to be representative of all Filipinowomen of reproductive age with at least one surviving child under age 5.

The 2002 MCHS was a rider to the April 2002 round of the Labor Force Survey [LFS),Hence, its sample households were obtained using the sample design of the LFS. TheMCHS utilized a multi-stage sampling design which involved the selection of samplebarangays for the first stage, sample enumeration areas [EAs)for the second stage, andsample households for the third stage. The selection of samples using the multi-stagesampling scheme was carried out for each domain or stratum, The urban areas and ruralareas of each province constitute the domains. The urban and rural areas of cities andmunicipalities with a popuiation of 150,000 or more, as well as the urban and rural areas ofMarawi City and Cotabato City, were also considered as separate domains.

EstimationZProcedure

The sample barangays were selected systematically within each domain withprobability proportional to size using the number of households as a measure of size, Thehousehc>id counts based on the 1995 Census of Population (POPCEN)were used, Theselection of 2,247 sample EAsfor the second stage was also done systematically withprobability proportional to size. The EAswere again based on the EAsformed during the1995 POPCEN. Twelve households were systematically selected in every sample EA, usinga random start,

In each sample household, eligible respondents (ERs)for the 2002 MCHS wereidentified using the LFSHousehold Questionnaire. These were women aged 15 to 49 yearswith surviving children below five years old, regardless of marital status, who were usuaimembers of the household. Female members of the household aged 15 to 49 years withsurviving children below five years oid who were overseas contract workers, except thosepresent in the household at the time of the survey, were not interviewed in the 2002 MCHS.A total of 8,299 eligible respondents in 8,199 sample households were interviewed usingthe MCHS questionnaire. The sample size allows the generation of estimates of keyprogram indicators at the regional level as well as the national level-

~r","g"""'oo 10' "" 2002 MeHS, were broken down into three components. These

were basic weights, weights adjustment factor, and final weights adjustment factor.

The basic weight is equal to the inverse of the overall probability of selection foreach sample household, reflecting all sampling stages. The weights adjustment factortakes into account the sample EAswhich were not enumerated, households which werenot interviewed and number of non-responding women aged 15 to 49 years with survivingchildren age less than three years, The product of the basic weights and weightsadjustment factor was used to obtain the preliminary weighted estimate of the totalnumber of women with surviving childrerl below three years old. In order to make thepreliminary weighted estimate of the number of women with surviving children below threeyears old consistent with the esiimated number of such women as of April 2002, a finalweight adjustment factor was used, The estimated number of women with survivingchildren below three years old was assumed to be highly correlated with the projectednumber of children less than three years old. Thus, the final adjustment factor wascalculated by dividing the number of projected children below three years old by the totalweights of all children below three years old. Appropriate weights adjustment factors wereused in the computation of indicators based on women with surviving children below fiveyears old_

TheQuestionnaire -s:=rMeHS Form1Q"","ooco;.

(Appendix A) was used to collect information fromeligible women in the sample households. Each respondent was asked questions onprenatal and postnatal care she received during and after her pregnancy with thereference child. Reference child refers to a child below five years old and alive during thecanvass. The enumerator (EN)was instructed to write the name/s of the living child/childrenless than 5 years old at the top of each column of the questionnaire to be used as

. reference for succeeding applicable questions .. Data on breastfeeding and vaccinationsgiven to the reference child were also gathered. Questions asked were the fOllowing:

[FOR CHILDRENUNDER5 YEARSOlD]

When was (NAME OF CHilD) born?When you were pregnant with (NAME OF CHilD), did you consult anyone forprenatal care?Whom did you consult (doctor, nurse, midwife, hilot, or others)?Who else?How many prenatal visits did you have during your pregnancy with (NAME OFCHilD)? .

When you were pregnant with (NAME OF CHILD), were you given the following:home-based mother record, iron tablet/capsule, iodine capsule, and/ortetanus toxoid?During your pregnancy with (NAME OF CHilD), how many times did you gettetanus toxoid Injection?Did you receive any tetanus toxoid injection during your previous pregnanciesor anytime during the past?How many times?Who attended to the delivery of (NAMEOF CHilD)?Anyone else?Did you consult anyone for postnatal check-up after the birth of (NAME OFCHilD)?Which of the following were performed when you went for postnatal check-up:abdominal examination, breast examination, internal examination, familyplanning advice, breastfeeding advice, baby care advice, check-up ofbaby, and/or others?Did you ever breastfeed (NAME OF CHilD)?

Why did you not breastfeed (NAME OF CHilD)?Are you currently breastfeeding (NAME OF CHilD)?

~ For how many months have you been breastfeeding (NAMEOF CHILD)?

~ For how many months did you breastfeed (NAMEOF CHILD)?

~ Why did you stopbreastfeeding (NAMEOF CHILD)?

~ At any time during the last six months, did (NAMEOF CHILD) receive any ot thefollowing: Vitamin A capsule, Iodine capsule, Iron drops/syrup?

~ Did (NAMEOF CHILD) ever receive any vaccination to prevent him/her fromgetting disease?

~ Did (NAMEOF CHILD) receive a BCG vaccination against tuberculosis, that is,an injection in the upper portion of the arm which usually causes a scar?Did (NAMEOF CHILD) receive this BCG vaccine before his/her first birthday?

~ Did (NAME OF CHILD) receive a OPTvaccination against diphtheria, pertussis,and tetanus, that is, an injection in the thigh?How many times?Did (NAMEOF CHILD) receive the third/last OPTvaccine before his/her firstbirthday?

~ Did (NAME OF CHiLD) re<;:eivea polio vaccine, that is, drops in the mouth?How many times?

~ Did (NAMEOF CHILDfreceive the third/last polio vaccine before his/her firstbirthday?

~ Old (NAME OF CHILD) receive an injection against measles?Did (NAME OF CHILD) receive this measles vaccine before his/her first birthday?

~ Did (NAMEOF CHILD) receive an injection against Hepatitis B?How many times?

~ Do you have a card where (NAMEOF CHILD's)vaccinations are written down?IFYES:may I see it please?

~ Did you ever have a vaccination card for (NAMEOF CHILD)?

The MCHS questionnaire was translated into six major dialects (Bicol, Cebuano,1I0cano, Hiiigaynon, Tagalog, andWaray) to ensure that uniform responses would beobtained from the survey.

ResponseRate

Presentation ofFindings

.01he40,992 houreholO>rompled Iethe April 2002 LFS,26,964 were selected for the MCHS

subsample, A total of 25,297 of these were found to be valid households (that is,households in housing units that were neither vacant nor demolished), Excludinghouseholds that were replaced because they could not be located, householdcomposition information was obtained during a successful LFSinterview of 24,301 of thesehouseholds, for a response rate of 90,1 percent (Table 1),

Of these 24,301 households, a total of 8,199 households were identified as havingeligible women (women with at least one child under age 5) and were selected for the2002 MCHS, A total of 8,447 women in these 8,199 households were identified as MCHSeligible respondents, and 8,299 of these women were successfully interviewed, for aresponse rate of 98,2 percent, All regions recorded a response rate higher than 96,0percent, Northern Mindanao, Caraga and Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao(ARMM) each had a response rate of 100,0 percent. The Cordillera Administrative Region(CAR) registered the lowest response rate wifh 94,4 percent.

r"OdlCO' from 1he 2002 •MCHS are presented using the old regionalgroupings, This is done in order to providecomparability to earlier rounds of annual MCHS (1997, 1999 - 2001), Findings based onnew regional groupings are presented in Appendix F to serve as baseline for subsequentMCHS rounds,

The tables in the report refer to children under 5 years of age, Additional tables forchildren 0 to 35 months of age have been prepared and are presented in Appendix G,These fables allow comparison to estimates for children and mothers of children under 3years of age from previous MCHSs.

Table 1Response Rates by Region for April 2002 Labor Force Survey (LFS)and Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS), Philippines: 2002

Number of households MCHS sample women ILFS Interviewed Response Selected Women Women Response

Region sample for rate for sampled inter- rate (%)LFS MCHS viewed

Philippines 26,964 24,301 90.1 8,199 8,447 8,299 98.2

Metro Manila 2,880 2,540 88.2 912 952 926 97.3CAR 1,200 1,085 90.4 378 391 369 94.4lIoces Region 1,344 1,235 91.9 377 393 378 96.2Cagayan Valley 1,200 1,088 90.7 294 300 297 99.0Central Luzon 2,544 2,351 92.4 751 787 776 98.6Southern Tagalog 3,300 3,037 92.0 1,062 1,098 1,078 98.2Bice! Region 1,488 1,337 89.9 497 510 497 97.5Western Visayas 2,016 1,780 88.3 533 545 529 97.1Central Visayas 1,824 1,633 89.5 558 578 575 99.5Eastern Visayas 1,488 1,300 87.4 453 457 453 99.1Western Mindanao 1,200 1,099 91.6 386 389 387 99.5Northern Mindanao 1,200 1,091 90.9 376 388 388 100.0Southern Mindanao 1,680 1,494 88.9 481 499 492 98.6Central Mindanao 1,200 1,075 89.6 342 350 344 98.3ARMM 1,200 1,055 87.9 421 427 427 100.0Caraga 1,200 1,101 91.8 378 383 383 100.0

Sources: Philippines National Statistics Office, April 2002 labor Force Surv~y (LFS).Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS).

CHARACTERISTICS OF RESPONDENTS ter!Chap~

'[General

Characteristics s:he characteristics of sample <>-==================='=_=~

women with surviving children under 5 yearsold and their children reflect those ofmothers with children under age 5, and ofthese children, living throughout the Philippines. Table 2 shows the estimated number andage distribution of all women of reproductive age and of women with children under age 5at the time of the MCHS fieldwork in April 2002. About one-third of women aged 15 to 49(6.9 million out of 20.5 million) had at least one surviving child below age 5. Of these,almost half (47.5 percent) were in the age group 25 to 34; about 17.5 percent wereyounger (15 to 24 years of age); 31.7 percent were aged 35 to 44 years; and 3.3 percentwere aged 45 to 49 years.

Table 2Number and percent of women In reproductive age (15 to 49 years old)who at the time of Ihe survey were mothers of surviving children 0 10 59months of age by age group, Phlllppines: 2002

- .. . - .' ..~.~ - -

1Women of reproductive age with

Women ofsurviving children 0 to 59 months of age

reproductive Unweighted Weighted Weighted IAge group age ('000) number number ('000) percent

Total 20,528 8,299 6,870 100.0

15 - 19 4,379 227 178 2.620 - 24 3,298 1,231 1,027 14.925 - 29 2,659 1,962 1,622 23.630 - 34 2,696 1,976 1,644 23.935 - 39 2,792 1,686 1,385 20.240 - 44 2,476 953 789 11.545 - 49 2,228 264 225 3.3

Source: Philippines National Statistics Office. 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS).

Figure 1 compares the distribution of women aged 15 to 49 years with survivingchildren below 5 years old based on 2001 and 2002 rounds of the MCHS. In both 2001and 2002 rounds, women aged 30 to 34 yeors comprised the largest percentage.

2.3 2.6

IJ15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39

III 2001

rnJ 2002

i 3.3 3.3

iIl4Q-44 45-49

Sources: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2001 and 2002 Maternal and Child HealthSurveys (MCHS).

The majorily of women interviewed for the 2002 MCHS (53.6 percent) were rurai-resident. Over half of the women were from Metro Manila or the National Capital Region(10.6 percent), Southern Tagalog Region (14.5 percent), and from the other five Luzonregions (27.7 percent). About a fifth of the women were from Visayas and just over a fourthwere from Mindanao [Table 3).

'..'. :'1 :. ".

Table 3Percent distribution of women with surviving children 0 to 59months of age by residence and region, Philippines: 2002

-- - - ~ ~-,-. "' -~ --- ~----- - - - ----~--- .,.

Number of IBackground characteristics women (:000) Percent

.

Total 6,870 100.0

Residence ..Urban 3,190 '. 46.4Rural' 3,680 53.6

Region ,Metro Manila 730 .10.6CAR 143 2.1lIocos Region 355 5.2

Cagayan Valley 284 4.1Central Luzon 673 9.8Southern iagalog 999 14.5Bicol Region 450 6.5Western Visayas 550 8.0Central Visayas 498 7.3Eastern Visayas 385 5.6Western Mindanao 320 4.7Northern Mindanao 260 3.8Southern Mindanao 557 8.1Central Mindanao 267 3.9ARMM 182 2.7Caraga 216 3.1

Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child HealthSUlvey (MCHS).

The children described in this report represent an estimated 9.6 million childrenunder the age of five years with mothers aged 15 to 49 years old in April 2002.Approximately one-fifth belongs to each of the different age groups, to wit: 20.0 percent,19.6 percent, and 20.3 percent, 20.2 percent, and 19.9 percent for ages 0 to 11 months,12 to 23 months, 24 to 35 months, 36 to 47 months and 48 to 59 months, respectively(Table 4)_

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MATERNAL AND CHILD CARE

r,"1'ppiOO<Depa_ot of Heal~',SafeMo""oOO Pol'" ",dernco~the Philippines' commitment to reducing maternal and early infant morbidity and mortalityand describes a strategy for achieving these goals (Department of Health, 2000).Information about the extent and types of maternal and child health care actuallyreceived in the population can be used to assess progress toward Safe Motherhoodobjectives and to plan for the improvement of services to women who need maternity-related care. Information about the health care women receive during pregnancy andafter childbirth, and data on infant health care, are presented in this section of thereport.

• Prenatal

_ he Department of Health recommends that ~ CareSall pregnant women have at least four prenatal care visits.It further recommends that, for early detection of pregnancy-related risks,the first prenatalcheckup should occur in the first trimester of the pregnancy. Prenatal care includes adviceto expectant mothers on nutrition and health care, examination and screening,immunization and micronutrient supplementation. It also involves educating pregnantwomen about the symptoms of riskconditions to improve detection and treatment ofpregnancy complications.

in the 2002 MCHS, respondents were asked whether they consulted anyone forprenatal care during the pregnancy preceding each live birth occurring from April 1, 1997to the date of the interview. If more than one prenatal care provider was mentioned for aparticular pregnancy, the interviewer was instructed to record all of these care providers.

Approximately 6.5 million (or 94.1 percent) of the 6.9 million women with survivingchildren below five years of age in 2002 received some prenatal care during pregnancywith the youngest surviving child (Table 5). Thispercentage is slightly lower than that fromthe 2001 MCHS (94.6 percent). A higher percentage of rural women (7.3 percentage) hadno prenatal visit in 2002 compared with urban women (4.2 percent). Urban women weremore likely to have had more prenatal care visits than rural women. One-third of urbanwomen had nine or more visits. The modal number for rural women was three visits(Table 5).

Table 5Percent distribution of women with surviving children 0 to 59 months of age bynumber of prenatal care visits and residence, Philippines: 2002

- ._._- - - - -

I Number of prenatal Number of women ('000) Percent of women jcare visits Total I Urban I Rural Total I Urban I Rural I

Total 6,870 3,190 3,680 100.0 100.0 100.0

One or more visits 6,467 3,055 3,412 94.1 95_8 92.7One visit 225 82 143 3.3 2.6 3.9Two visits 533 183 350 7.8 5.7 9.5Three visits 920 329 591 13.4 10.3 16.1Four visit 741 306 435 10_8 9.6 11.8Five visit 735 309 426 10.7 9.7 11.6Six visit 705 315 389 10.3 9.9 10.6Seven visits 475 215 260 6.9 6_7 7_1Eight visits 373 223 150 5.4 7.0 4.1Nine visits 922 564 358 13.4 17_7 9.7Tenor more visits 687 473 214 10 14.8 5.8Don't Know 151 56 95 22 1.8 2.6

None 403 135 268 5_9 4.2 7.3

Noie: Totals may not add up du e to rounding.Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS)_

Table 6 shows the percentages of women with the recommended four or moreprenatal care visits during the pregnancy of the youngest surviving child, as well as theperc~ntages of women who had fewer than four visits, by residence and age group. TheMCHS data show that about two-thirds (67.5 percent) of Filipino women had four or moreprenatal care visits. The actual percentage of women having the recommended numberof visits may be higher than this figure because the non-response category is included inthe table. The percentage is higher in urban areas, where roughly three quarters ofpregnant women had four or more visits, than in rural areas, where only 60.7 percent hadthis number of visits. Moreover. younger women (ages 15 to 39), are more likely to havethe recommended number of visits than women aged 40 to 49 years.

At the regional level, the percentage of women who had the' recommendednumber of visits ranged from 48 percent in ARMM to approximately 85 percent of womenin Metro Manila. The differences in this percentage between some regions are statisticallysignificant (see Table 1 of Appendix E). Over 70 percent of women in seven regions-Metro Manila, Central Luzon, Western Visayas, Central Visayas, Western Mindanao, NorthernMindanao, and Caroga - had four or more prenatal care visits during pregnancy. In 2001.only four regions (Metro Manila, Centrai Luzon, Northern Mindanao, and Caroga) reachedthe 70 percent level.

~R •.eDX'$lta-&'\,~~2002 ~..- 0dLJ Anm. cI"~

Seven out of ten non-poor women os compared to five out of ten poor womenhad the recommended four or more prenatal care visits. A higher percentage ofpoor women (17.1 percent) than non-poor women (7.3 percent) did not have aprenatal check-up at all.

Table 6Distribution of women with surviving children 0 to 59 months of age by number ofprenatal care visits and selected background characteristics, Philippines: 2002

Background Number of Percent with number of visits Notcharacteristics women ('000) 0 2 4 or more reported

Total 6,870 5.9 3.3 7.8 13.4 67.5 2.2

ResidenceUrban 3.190 4.2 2.6 5.7 10.3 75.4 1.8Rural 3,680 7.3 3.9 9.5 16.1 60.7 2.6

Age Group15-19 178 11.7 2.1 5.3 8.9 69.9 2.220-24 1,027 6.4 3.5 7.9 12.8 68.6 0.725-29 1,622 5.6 2.7 7.1 12.2 70.0 2.430-34 1,644 4.6 2.9 8.5 14.1 67.3 2.635-39 1,385 5.1 3.8 7.6 13.3 68.4 1.840-44 789 8.3 3.7 7.4 16.1 61.3 3.145-49 225 6.5 5.1 10.6 14.6 59.8 3.4

RegionMetro Manila 730 2.7 2.3 3.7 5.3 85.1 0.9CAR 143 10.1 5.7 9.3 14.5 53.9 6.51I0cos Region 355 9.1 4.9 10.7 19.5 54.9 1.0Cagayan Valley 284 7.4 4.4 12.4 11.4 61.6 2.8Central Luzon 673 6.0 3.4 8.2 9.1 71.2 2.1Southern Tagalog 999 5.2 3.5 8.0 13.5 66.4 3.2Bicol Region 450 7.1 5.4 11.9 17.2 58.1 0.2Western Visayas 550 4.2 2.5 5.6 14.8 72.2 0.6Central Visayas 498 3.9 1.8 3.6 15.5 73.6 1.6Eastern Visayas 385 6.8 4.7 10.5 16.4 57.4 4.3Western Mindanao 320 6.4 2.7 4.5 11.8 70.3 4.3Northern Mindanao 260 6.9 1.5 5.0 10.5 75.0 1.2Southern Mindanao 557 3.9 2.2 11.0 17.5 64.2 1.1Central Mindanao 267 8.8 2.9 6.4 15.8 60.6 5.5ARMM 182 15.7 4.1 11.8 16.1 47.9 4.3Caraga 216 4.7 2.9 6.6 13.4 71.0 1.4

Economic StatusPoor 2,799 17.1 4,1 10.1 16.6 49.6 2.5Non-Poor 4,474 7.3 2.5 5.6 10.2 72.7 1.8

Sow'ce; Philippines National Statistics Office. 2002 Matemal and Child Health Survey (MCHS).

14:'1;6/',.•••4 K~ cJitnt:"tl••4 ~•. 't ...

Table 7 shows that the 1ype of provider, and presumably the quality of prenatalcare, differs substantially between urban and rurai women. About six In ten urban womenreceived prenatal care from a doctor compared to about three in ten rural women. Ruralwomen depend to a much greater extent on nurses and midwives: six in ten rural womenobtained prenatal care from nurses and midwives during last pregnancy. Smalierpercentages of women relied on traditionai birth attendants for prenatal care in 2002: 6.1percent in rural areas and 2.7 percent in urban areas. These percentages are lower thanthe actual percentages since only the most qualified provider is considered in Table 7 ifmore than one provider was mentioned by the respondent. Actual percentages ofwomen who obtained prenatal care from each of the prenatal care providers is presentedIn Appendix D.

Table 7Distribution of women with surviving children 0 to 59months of age whoreceived prenatal care by type of prenatal care provider and residence,Philippines: 2002

[ Prenatal care status andtype of provider' Total Urban Rural

All women ('000) 6,870 3,190 3,680

Percent who received prenatal care 94.1 95.8 92.7Women who received prenatal care ('000) 6,467 3,055 3,412

Percent who received care from:Doctor 45.4 60.4 31.9Nurse/Midwife 50.0 36.7 61.9Hilot 4.5 2.7 6.1Others 0.1 0.1 -

Note:- less than 0.1 percent.1 If the respondent mentioned more than one provider, only the most qualified provider 'is

reported in this lable.Sou"," Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child Heellh Survey (MCHS).

Since more Filipino women are rural-resident than urban-residen!. and becauserural women rely on nurses and midwives to a much greater extent than their urbancounterparts, nurses and midwives provide prenatal care services to 50.0 percent ofwomen in the Philippines. Doctors rank second (45.4 percent) among prenatal careproviders. A much smaller percentage (4.5 percent) of women relied on traditional birthattendants. The same order of reliance on 1ypes of prenatal care providers duringpregnancy was recorded in 2001 MC:HS(Figure 2)_

IINurse/Midwife53.7

4.8

o Doctor

SO.O

45.4

o

4.5

Traditional BirthAttendanVHilot

2001 2002

Note: Perce~tagesshown exclude women who did not indicate type of prenatal careprovider.

Sources: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2001 and 2002 Matemal and Child Heal thSurveys (MCHS).

.Iron SupplementationDuring Pregnancy S

supplement is given topregnant women toovercome problems associated with pregnancy, Women are prone to suffer anemiaduring pregnancy so they need to take iron tablets to meet their daily iron requirements,Table 8 shows the percentage of Filipino women with surviving children less than 5 years olqwho received iron tablet during pregnancy based on data from the 2002 MCHS, Thepercentage of women who received iron tablets in 2002 was 82,2 percent, which is aboutthe same as the 2001 figure, 81,4 percent (2001 MCHS table 8, p,12),

In general, a higher percentage of urban women with sUNiving children 0 to 59months of age than rural women were able to take iron supplement during pregnancy withyoungest sUNiving child (Table 8), Eighty-five percent of urban women received iron tabletscompared to 79,5 percent of rural women, Among the regions, iron coverage wasgenerally high, Excluding ARMM, it ranged from 71,4 percent to 89,0 percent, in fiveregions (Northern Mindanao, Western Visayas, Metro Manila, Central Visayas, and Caraga),more than 88 percent were reported to have received iron supplements, In ARMM, thepercentage of women who received iron supplements was only 44,8 percent-

Table 8Number and percent of women with surviving children 0 to 59 mooths of age bywhether or not iron supplements were received during pregnancy with the youngestsurviving child and residence, Philippines; 2002

ITOTAL Yes No OK Percent IMedicine/vaccine ('0000) ('000) ('000) ('000) Yes

Total 6,870 5,644 1,173 54 82.2

Urban 3,190 2,718 444 27 85.2Rural 3,680 2,925 728 27 79.5

RegionMetro Manila 730 647 76 7 88.6CAR 143 109 31 3 76.7lIocos Region 355 283 70 2 79.5Cagayan Valley 284 229 53 2 80.6Central Luzon 673 565 104 5 83.9Southern Tagalog 999 824 161 15 82.5Bicol Region 450 321 127 2 71.4Western Visayas 550 489 61 - 88.8Central Visayas 498 439 59 - 88.1Eastern Visayas 385 306 78 2 79.3Western Mindanao 320 254 62 4 79.3Northern Mindanao 260 232 26 2 89.0Southern Mindanao 557 468 84 4 84.1Central Mindanao 267 208 59 1 77.7ARMM 182 82 97 4 44.8Caraga 216 190 24 1 88.1

Economic StatusPoor 2,559 1,917 616 26 74.9Non-Poor 4,311 3,727 557 27 86.4

Note: ~ less than 0.1 percent.Source.' Philippines National Statistics Office. 2002 Matemal and Child Heatth Survey (MCHS).

'"

Tetanus<;>=Lmmunization Srevention of neonatal tetanus

through tetanus toxoid immunization ofexpectant mothers is among the goals of thematernal care program of the Department of Health, The maternal care programrecommends that women should receive at least two tetanus injections during firstpregnancy, Booster injections are given six months later, and in order to confer lifetimeimmunity, two more doses are given, In order to help assess progress toward meeting thisgoal, the 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey collected information on the number oftetanus toxoid injections received by pregnant women during or prior to pregnancy withtheir youngest surviving children below five years old, Three measures of tetanus toxoidcoverage are discussed in this section: (1) at least one dose of tetanus toxoid vaccine (TN)received by the woman during pregnancy with youngest child, (2) lifetime protection fromneonatal tetanus, and (3) two doses received during pregnancy with the youngestsurviving, or reference, child,

The first measure provides a rough indication of TN coverage, Figure 3 presents thepercentage of women with children under 5 years old who received at least one dose ofTN during pregnancy with youngest child, The measured percentage decreased veryslightly, from 72,5 percent in the 2001 MCHS to 71 ,6 percent inthe 2002 MCHS, For the2002 MCHS, TN coverage was slightly lower for urban women (70,9 percent) than for ruralwomen (72,2 percent),

r?igurf,3erc!intof wornlln.h() received"atleaslJ:ed,ose of te,ti!,llllsoxojd va~ci,ne(TrV)PhiliflP'ines: 20()~ndI2Q'02, .

1112001 D 2002

Sources: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2001 and 2002 Maternal and Child HealthSurveys (MCHS).

Infants whose mothers received at least 2 doses ot tetanus toxoid vaccine (TN)during pregnancy with them were protected from neonatal tetanus, Likewise, infants bornto women who received either three or more doses ot TN during previous pregnancies orone dose ot TN during pregnancy with them and two doses during previous pregnancieswere protected trom neonatal tetanus.

Approximately 6 million ot the 9.6 million children less than 5 years old, or 62.2percent, were protected trom neonatal tetanus in 2002 (Figure 4), Ttlis percentage ishigher than the estimate (55.3 percent) in 2001, The percentage who had protection inboth urban and rural areas increased - from 52,7 percent in 2001 to 58,8 percent in 2002in urban areas, and from 57,4 percent in 2001 to 65.1 percent in 2002 in rural areas.Moreover, the percentage of children whose mothers have not received TN (duringpregnancy or at any other time) declined from 17.7 percent in 2001 (2001 MCHS table 9,p, 47) to 16.1 percent this year (table 9, column 6). About one In six children in both urbanand rural areas is unprotected from neonatal tetanus - 16.6 percent in urban areas, 15,7percent in rural areas.

The percentage of children under age 5 protected against neonatal tetanus variedfrom region to region. The lowest coverage level was 30.2 percent for ARMM; the highest,78,8 percent for Southern Mindanao (Table 9). In the three Visayan regions, thepercentage of children who had protection ranged from 60 to 68 percent (WesternVisayas, 68.5 percent; Central Visayas, 61 .5 percent; and Eastern Visayas, 60.1 percent).The percentages recorded in the Mindanao regions varied considerabiy, ranging from 30,2percent in ARMM to around 78.8 percent in Southern Mindanao, The percentages amongregions in Luzon also ranged from 49,3 percent In Central Luzon to 68.7 percent in CAR.

Among age groups, only a slight variation was obseNed in the percentage ofprotected children. The percentages ranged from 59,6 percent for children aged 48 to 59months to 64.7 percent for children aged 12 to 23 months. Table 9 also shows that thepercentage of children protected from neonatal tetanus was slightly higher among thoseborn to women In poor households (63,0 percent) than among those born to women innon-poor households (61 .7 percent).

igure4 ,ercen.t:()f suJ¥,litfughiidriliJ';Otc:l'!i~~oths of age who

'fl!' protected agalOlif1~onatal ~tanus I:l~esidenCll. ~ 'hllippines: 2001lfndo .,

D 2001 .200265.1

Total Urban Rural

Note: Denominator for UrbanIRuralls total number of urban/rural children 0 to 59 monthsof age. Total will not equal 100%.

Sources: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2001 and 2002 Maternal and Child HealthSurveys (MCHS).

Table 9Distribution of children 0 to 59 months of age by whether or not they are protected againstneonatal tetanus as a result of mother's tetanus toxoid vaccination (TIV) and selected backgroundcharacteristics, Philippines: 2002

Prolected2 Not protected 1Total'

Number of doses Total Number of dosesnumberBackground of children Two3 Three and Zero One Two'lCharacteristics ('000) Total Over

Total 9,095 62.2 7.6 54.6 37.8 16.1 10.8 10.9ResidenceUriban 4,149 58.8 8.0 50.8 41.2 16.6 12.5 12.2Rural 4.946 65.1 7.3 57.8 34.9 15.7 9.3 9.9Age group (months)

0- 11 1,844 62.8 9.6 53.2 37.2 16.8 11.1 9.312 - 23 1,789 64.7 7.2 57.5 35.3 14.1 10.1 11.124 - 35 1,857 62.5 6.6 55.9 37.5 15.5 11.4 10.636 - 47 1,823 61.4 7.5 53.9 38.6 16.4 9.9 12.448 - 59 1,782 59.6 7.3 52.4 40.4 17.6 11.4 11.3

RegionMetro Manila 958 55.3 6.3 49.0 44.7 16.3 14.8 13.6CAR 171 68.7 10.2 58.5 31.3 14.5 9.1 7.61I0cosRegion 468 56.3 3.9 52.4 43.7 17.0 10.7 16.0Cagayan Valley 364 67.0 9.7 57.3 33.0 15.8 8.3 8.9Central Luzon 865 49.3 7.4 41.9 50.7 24.8 12.5 13.5Southern Tagalog 1,251 58.7 9.7 49.1 41.3 18.1 13.4 9.8Bicol Region 673 63.2 6.2 57.1 36.8 15.2 12.5 9.1Western Visayas 771 68.5 7.6 60.9 31.5 13.0 8.4 10.2Central Visayas 670 61.5 9.8 51.6 38.5 12.8 10.8 14.9Eastern Visayas 540 60.1 7.2 52.9 39.9 14.1 11.8 13.9Western Mindanao 418 69.0 6.5 62.5 31.0 17.5 6.1 7.5Northern Mindanao 342 76.7 7.9 68.8 23.3 6.7 7.6 9.0Southern Mindanao 712 78.8 9.0 69.9 21.2 6.2 7.9 7.0Central Mindanao 366 70.4 7.2 63.2 29.6 16.6 6.8 6.2ARMM 247 30.2 4.6 25.5 69.8 49.0 11.0 9.8Caraga 282 74.6 5.4 69.2 25.4 6.8 8.0 10.6

Economic StatusPoor 3,780 63.0 6.4 56.6 37.0 18.2 9.0 9.8Non-Poor 5,840 61.7 8.4 53.3 38.3 14.7 12.0 11.6Notes:

1 Numbers may not add to totals due to rounding ..2 The following doses of TTY should be recelved by the moth er in order for a reference chlld to be considered protected

against neonatal tetanus:.•. at least two doses 01 TTV during pregnancy with reference child;• one dose during pregnancy With reference child plus at least two dos es prior to pregnancy with reference child; or• at least three doses prior to pregnancy with reference child.

3 Refers to 2 nv received during pregnancy with reference child ..• Refers to 2 TTY received prior to pregnancy with reference child. or to one TTY received prior to pregnancy and one

TTV received during pregnancy with reference child.Table eXcludes children whose mothers could not remember whether they received a tetanus toxoid Injection or not andthose whose mothers could not recall how many tetanus toxoId Injections they have received.

Source: Philippines National Statistics Office. 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS).

OOO~:lOO"h:«O::~W~..O»:~W~1l'.Av,;"WMW.•1lllNA¥..VN'~""~2002 ~ aMd C/dfd dL-altk eYuhvcfF

Table 10 presents the percentage distribution of children 0 to 59 months of age bynumber of tetanus toxoid injections received by the mother during pregnancy with thereference child. The table excludes the count of children whose mothers were not sure ifthey had received nv or not. The table also shows the third of the three tetanus toxoidcoverage measures used in this report, which is the percentage of children whose mothersreceived two or more tetanus injections during pregnancy with reference child. Thirty-twopercent of the children had mothers who received two or more doses of tetanus toxoidinjections during pregnancy with them. On the other hand, about one in four children (27.7percent) had mothers who did not receive a tetanus toxoid vaccination at all duringpregnancy (Table 10).

The percentage of children whose mothers had two or more doses of nv is aboutthe same as that recorded in the 2001 MCHS (31.1 percent). However, it is lower thanthose recorded in the 1993 Nationai Demographic Survey (42.2 percent) and 1998National Demographic and Health Survey (37.8 percent) (Table 100).

Table 10Percent distribution of surviving children 0 to 59 months ofage by number of tetanus toxoid injections given to themother during pregnancy by residence, Philippines: 2002

TN doses receivedduring pregnancy

Total Urban Rural

Total ('000) 1

(None)OneTwo or moreDon't Know

9,525 4,356 5,169

27.7 28.0 27.438.1 39.1 37.3

32.3 30.9 33.41.9 2.0 1.8

Notes:I Excludes women whO were not sure if they had received nv or not.Percentages mey not edd up to 100.0 due to rounding.

Sou,",,,: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child HealthSUlvey (MCHS).

Assistance7During Delivery

Table lOaPercent distribution of surviving children 0 to 59 months of age by number of tetanustoxoid injections given to the mother during pregnancy by residence, Philippines:1993 and 1998r nv doses received 1993 lifDHS 1998 NDHS 1during pregnancy Total I Urban I Rural Total I Urban I Rural J

Total ('000) 8,802 4,269 4,533 7,566 3,465 4,101

None 35.2 36.4 34.1 30.3 30.2 30.3One 22.2 21.4 22.9 30.7 31.6 29.9Two or more 42.2 41.7 0.5 37.8 37.0 38.5Don't Know 0.4 0.5 0.3 1.3 1.2 1.3

Note: Details may not add up to totals due 10rounding,Sources: Phlllppines NatIonal Statistics Office, 1993 National Demographic Survey (NOS)and 1998 National Dem08raphlc

and Health Survey (NDHS).

For purposes of assessing the improvement of nv coverage, the indicators oniifetime protection from neonatal tetanus (Table 9. cols. 2-4) are better than the measurespresented in Table 10. Thus. the 2002 MCHS indicates that nv coverage in the Philippinesimproved from 2001 to 2002 (Table 9 and Figure 4).

Inthe 2002 MCHS. a• question on who attended to the

delivery of the child was asked.Table 11 presents the percent

distribution of all children under age 5 by type of birth attendant during their delivery. Sixtypercent of the 9.6 million children below 5 years old were attended during their birth byprofessional health workers such as doctors. nurses or midwives. Traditional birth attendants.(TBAs)or "hilots" attended the delivery of 38.5 percent of births.

Births in the urban areas were more likely to have been attended by doctors (48.2percent) than nurses and midwives (31.1 percent) or TBAs(20.3 percent). In rural areas.births were more likely to have been attended by TBAs(54.0 percent) than doctors (20.4percent) and nurses and midwives (24.0 percent). Delivery assistance by doctors was morecommon in the case of births where mothers had 4 or more prenatal care visits and werefrom non-poor households. In Metro Manila. seven in ten births were attended by doctors.while in ARMM. only one in ten births was.

Table 11Percent distribution of children 0 to 59 months of age by type of birth attendantduring delivery according to background characteristics, Philippines: 2002

f--- - - --- ----- --- - - - -- - -- ~_ •• _--.-J~

Totalnumber of

Background childrencharacteristics ('000) Doctor Nurse Midwife Hilot Others

I

Total 9,621 33.2 1.0 26.2 38.5 0.8 1

ResidenceUrban 4,420 48.2 1.4 29.7 20.3 0.3Rural 5,201 20.4 0.7 23.3 54.0 1.3

RegionMetro Manila 1,034 67.8 1.2 26.6 4.3 0.1CAR 191 45.6 3.7 19.6 18.1 12.1lIocos Region 485 33.5 - 45.5 20.3 0.6Cagayan Valley 376 23.4 0.8 30.4 44.5 0.9Central Luzon 913 42.6 1.5 42.2 13.5 0.2Southern Tagalog 1,363 35.2 0.8 31.4 32.2 0.3Bicol Region 693 16.5 0.7 21.3 60.7 0.8Western Visayas 790 33.5 0.6 18.6 46.6 0.6Central Visayas 707 29.0 1.7 28.1 38.3 2.1Eastern Visayas 555 23.9 1.0 14.7 59.9 0.1Western Mindanao 452 21.1 1.8 18.7 56.8 1.7Northern Mindanao 371 23.4 0.4 24.3 50.6 0.9Southern Mindanao 743 28.0 0.7 19.8 51.0 0.6Central Mindanao 387 24.2 0.6 21.7 53.0 0.3ARMM 267 8.5 0.9 11.5 78.1 0.3Caraga 294 20.8 1.1 17.8 57.3 0.5

Prenatal visits duringpregnancy

None 599 10.6 0.4 18.1 67.9 2.81-3 Visits 2,427 18.3 0.9 25.1 54.5 1.14+ visits 6,358 41.3 1.1 27.5 29.3 0.6Don't Know 237 25.8 0.6 25.0 47.5 1.1

Economic StatusPoor 3,780 13.0 0.7 21.4 63.0 1.5Non-poor 5,840 46.2 1.2 29.4 22.7 0.4

Noles:- less than 0.1 percent.1 If the respondent mentioned more than one birth attendant, only the most qualified Is tabulated.

Source: Philippines National Statistics Office. 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS).

1Y~:lOOI1~~

PostnatalCareS•I,""2002 MeHS, ~m~_~

asked whether or not they consulted anyone forpostnatal care. Those who said they did were asked a.follow-up question on what types of service theyreceived. The responses could be one or more of these -- abdominal examination, breastexamination, internal examination, family planning advice, breastfeeding advice, babycare advice and check-up of baby.

Table 12 shows that the maternal care services received by both urban and ruralwomen during their postnatal visits after the birth of the youngest child were mainly for thehealth and care of the baby, Check-up of baby, baby care advice and breastfeedingadvice were provided to 78.2 percent, 62.6 percent, and 55,2 percent of the women,respectively (Table 12). The women also received postpartum care. More than half hadabdominal examination (56.9 percent), while more than a third of the women had breastexamination (36.3 percent) and also more thana third had internal examination (35.9percent). Also, family planning advice was given to two fifths (40.6 percent) of the women.

There were survey respondents who reported more than one type of postnatal careservice. Thus, a woman who had a postpartum care is here defined as one who, duringany of her postnatal visits, had at least one of these services: abdominal examination,internal examination, and breast examination. Around 71 percent of women had apostpartum care (data not shown), based on this definition.

ff!!jjjft j'2Itw..U~l:Jf iliJ.!J~j~ l&~~~JJBjl ~Ji ~nJ.A1}YJtllr~Jlt •..b,-:-JJl ~ l!" ~ n),..., )\~jll ~ . ,r \~ lit)

Lt.ilii;U!'.isrii ~rw1..UJJ ~~ I~ i).~J:.;:::ill :£lJi'YJJ~s' J~~''1J'(''::'''':hl' R...: 1h~,'~iT•..-', • Htr/ ~)~I.'"'' "'~IT~~

•Type of service Number of women ('000) Percent of women I

received Total I Urban I Rural Total I Urban I Rural.

Check-up of baby . 3,082 1,682 1,400 78.2 82.5 73.6.. .' ••• r" "Baby care advice 2,467 1,362 1,105 62.6 66.8 58.1Breastfeeding advice 2,174 1,201 973 55.2 58.9 51.2'\bdominal exam 2,241 1,206 1,035 56.9 59.1 54.4Breast exam 1,431 831 600 36.3 40.8 31.6internal exam 1,415 913 502 35.9 44.8 26.4Family planning advice 1,600 928 672 40.6 45.5 35.3)thers . 255 109 145 6.5 5.4 7.6.

Note: Respondents can Specify more than one type of postnatal care services. Percentages do not add up to 100.

ISOJlrcC: Philil¥,!ines National Statistics Office~OO2~ternal and Child Health SUryey...<~).

I

OOo»:o:li)~.)XO»)?h».'¥'h»~1":jlfilOO<.'¥'.<,.,«~'1\!lX.~ .1~'i.'ilMA'M'lf~iA~~.l."l};'i.'il••:-~,.,._:;<R:~R••t 2002 ~ aJ<d CMLJdk.uu. cr~

Figure 5 presents the distribution of women by type of postnatal care servicereceived based on the 2001 MCHS and 2002 MCHS data. For both survey years, check-upof the baby was the service most frequently provided during postnatal care visits, whileinternal examination of the mother was the least frequently administered -

. . ~Igl4fJl:", " ;;,,',istrillliionQTo~j)y:6YtiPe 0"o~tn;ltalcareJl~!I!' received_deliv!!~ofpllngel!t l!iiIDl.hillppin!ls: 2001:n 002

79.0.2001 02002

Checll-lJp01 BaoyCare Breastfeeding AbdomInal BreastBaby Advice Advice Exam Exam

Irrterr.al FamilyExam Plannillg

Sources: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2001 and 2002 Matemal andChild Health Surveys (MCHS).

Immunization ofChildrenSr''P"oded Prog~m00 •

Immunization (EPI)is a priority program ofthe Department of Health. The programseeks to expand immunization coverage among infants to prevent diseases, namelytuberculosis, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, poliomyelitis, measles and hepatitis B. One ofthe objectives of the 2002 MCHS was to collect information on the immunization ofchildren under 5 years of age. Women of reproductive age with children who were born.from April 1, 1997 to the date of interview were asked whether each of these children hadreceived vaccination against the six diseases and whether the vaccine (or the third dose ofthe vaccine in the case of diptheria/pertussisltetanvs (DPT)and oral polio vaccine (OPV))was received by the child before his/her last birthday. For each child, the interviewer askedthe mother if she had a health card for the child and, if so, the interviewer requested to seeit. When a mother was able to show the health card to the interviewer, the dates ofvaccinations were copied from the card to the questionnaire.

The EPIaims that children be given the basic vaccines -- bacillus calmette guerin(BCG, the vaccine against tuberculosis), anti-measles, and three doses each of DPTandOPV vaccines -- before they reach their first birthday. A child who has received all thesevaccines before reaching one year of age is considered a fully immunized child (FIC). Thepercentage of children who are fully immunized is often taken as a survey indicator of thegeneral performance of a country's immunization program.

Table 13 shows that 62,9 percent of children 12 to 23 months of age in thePhilippines were fully immunized in 2002. Thispercentage isover one percentage pointhigher than last years level (61 .3 percent), but the difference is not statistically significant.From 58.2 percent in 1997, the percentage of fully immunized children increased by 7percentage points by 2000 (65.2 percent) but then decreased by almost 4 percentagepoints by 2001 (61.3 percent) (Table 13). The closeness of the 2001 and 2002 estimates ofFIC suggests that immunization coverage of children may be stabilizing.

I

It can also be noted from Table 14 that the percentage of fully immunized childrenin rural areas increased by three percentage points (from 56.5 percent in the 2001 MCHSto 59.8 in the 2002 MCHS), though the difference is, again, not statistically significant. (The2002 point estimate of 59.8 is within the 95 percent confidence interval of the 2001 pointestimate and vice versa). The percentage of fully immunized children in urban areas in2002 was the same as that in 2001 (about 67 percent).

A/LippI ••••••~~ JUrl;4ttcf ~

Table 13Percentage of fully immunized children 12 to 23 months of age by residence.Philippines: 1997 to 2002

Survey I Total I Urban I Rural

1997 Maternal and child Health Survey (MCHS) 58.2 65.2 52.11999 Maternal and child Health Survey (MCHS) 64.5 66.6 62.52000 Maternal and child Health Survey (MCHS) 65.2 68.0 62.72001 Maternal and child Health Survey (MCHS) 61.3 66.9 56.52002 Maternal and child Health Survey (MCHS) 62.9 66.6 59.8

Sources: Philippines National Statistics Office, 1997, 1999, .2000, 2001 and 2002 Maternal an~ChildHealth SUivey' (MCHS).

.. -- .. _--------------

Table 14Confidence Intervals for estimates of fully immunized children 12 to 23months of age in 2001 and 2002 MCHS, Philippines

95% Confidence interval ISurvey Estimate Lower bound I UDDer bound I

2001 MCHSTotal 61.3 58.9 63.7Urban 66.9 64.2 69.6Rural 56.5 52.7 60.2

2002 MCHSTotal 62.9 60.5 65.4Urban 66.6 63.7 69.5Rural 59.8 56.1 63.6

I Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2001 and 2002 Maternal and Child Health SurveysIMCHSI.

The percentage of fully immunized children aged 12 to 23 months by region forboth the 2001 MCHS and 2002 MCHS are also presented in Table 15. Based on the 2002MCHS, Western Visayas and Northern Mindanao registered the highest percentage ofchildren aged 12 to 23 months who were fully immunized (76.3 percent), followed byCaraga (75.2 percent), Metro Manila (72.4 percent), and Central Visayas (70.9 percent).As in previous survey rounds, the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) had thelowest percentage with only 17.3 percent. The percentage of children who were fullyimmunized in the remaining rl'lgions of the country ranged from 46.8 percent to 66.7percent. (Refer to Table 4 of Appendix E for standard errors on FICs.)

The 2002 MCHS FIC estimates decreased by at least 4 percentage points in fiveregions, Eastern Visayas registered the highest measured decrease, followed by CAR,Southern Mindanao, 1I0cos Region and ARMM. The decline in the estimates in theseregions may be related to insufficient supplies ("stockouts") of vaccines, On the otherhand, FIC estimates Increased in nine regions, namely, Cagayan Valley, Central Luzon,Southern Tagalog, Western Visayas, Central Visayas, Western Mindanao, NorthernMindanao, Central Mindanao, and Caroga, Table 15 also shows that a greaterpercentage of non-poor children (68,2 percent) than poor children (54,4 percent) werefully immunized, .

Table 15Percentage of children 12 to 23 months who are fully immunized according to thevaccination card or the mother's report, Philippines: 2002

..~ .2001 MCHS 2002 MCHS

Background characteristics Number of Percent fully Number of Percent fUll1children ('000) immunized children ('000) immunized

Total 1.937 61,3 1.885 62.9

ResidenceUrban 891 66.9 857 66.6Rural 1.046 56.5 1.028 59.8

RegionMetro Manila 212 74,0 190 72.4CAR 32 69,1 37 56,8HocosRegion 89 57.2 103 52.6Cagayan Valley 87 61.4 64 63.2Central Luzon 194 59,9 179 62.6Southern Tagalog 263 59.9 265 66.7Bicol Region 139 60.3 152 57.3Western Visayas 144 67.0 149 76,3

Central Visayas 139 61.7 134 70.9Eastern Visayas 114 65.1 117 46.8Western Mindanao 97 46.1 90 61.2Northern Mindanao 83 64.3 75 76.3Southern Mindanao 158 63,7 143 56,2Central Mindanao 83 53.2 82 55,9ARMM 47 21.3 42 17.3Caraga 56 65.5 62 75.2

Economic StatusPoor • • 725 54.4Non-Poor • • 1,160 68.2

Note: • Estimates for poor and non-poor children are not available for 2001.Sources: PhilippinesNationalstatisticsOffice.2001 and2002 MaternalandChildHealthSurveys(MCHS).

Table 16 shows estimated numbers and percentages of children fully immunized byresidence and child's age. It also shows numbers and percentages of children who havereceived at least some of the prescribed vaccinations as well as those who received none,of children who have received specific vaccinations, and of children with vaccinationcards by residence and age.

The percentage of fully immunized children 12 to 23 months of age (62.9 percent)was iower than that for children 24 to 35 months of age (65.9 percent). For both agegroups, the percentage of fully immunized children, as well as the coverage rates for eachvaccine, was generally higher among urban children than among rural children. Of theurban children 12 to 23 months of age, 66.6 percent were fully immunized as comparedto 59.8 percent for rural children. Ninety-four percent of urban children as compared toabout 89 percent of rural children were reported to have vaccination cards.

The coverage of each vaccine, as well as the percentage of children who werefully immunized would be higher if cases with no response on whether the child receivedany vaccination or not were excluded from the total counts of children in the age groupsof interest (i.e. 12 to 23, 24 to 35). The exciusion of such non-response cases would resultto an FIC estimate of 63.1 percent for children aged 12 to 23 months, and 66.1 percentfor children aged 24 to 35 months, at the national level.

Over nine In 10 children aged 24 to 35 months (94.0 percent) were vaccinatedagainst at least some childhood diseases. The coverage rate was highest for BCG and firstdoses of OPTand OPV vaccines, while it was lowest for the third dose of Hepatitis Bvaccine.

The drop out rates for OPTand polio vaccines, measured by the difference incoverage between first and third doses, for children 12 to 23 months of age are 11percent and 15 percent, respectively. The drop out rate for OPTis the same as thatcalculated in the 2001 MCHS, while for polio vaccine, the dropout rate is 3 percentagepoints higher-

Table 16Distribution of children who have received specified vacclnea, and number andpercentage of fully Immunized children by age of child and residence,Philippines: 2002

Age of child!vaccine received

Number of children who receivedvaccine ('000)

Total I Urban I Rural

Percent of children who received Ivaccine

Totat I Urban I Rural

12-23 months

VaccinatedBCGDPT1DPT2DPT3Polio 1Polio 2Polio 3Polio 4 or moreMeasles 1Hepamis B l'Hepamis B 2'Hepatitis B 3'UnvaccinatedChild has card'Fully immunized child (FIG)'

24-35 months

VaccinatedBCGDPT 1DPT2DPT3Polio 1Polio 2Polio 3Polio 4 or moreMeasles 1Hepatitis B l'Hepatitis B 2'Hepatitis B 3'UnvaccinatedChild has card'Fully immunized child (FIC)'

1,885'

1,7821,7361,7271,6531,5201,7551,6661,472137

1,5121,16668866598

1,7181,186

1,958

1,8411,8151,7921,7111,5821,8021,7041,519150

1,8451,055738514110

1,7651,290

857

8308138127807198207887066871258046035725808571

946

9129056958678008938507606982854840227831688662

1,028

9529239158748019358797666980058642830873911615

1,012

92991089784478390985475981817507336237808n628

94.692.191.687.780.693.188.478.17.380.261.947.135.35.491.262.9

94.092.791.587.480.892.087.1n.67.684.053.937.726.36.090.265.9

96.894.994.891.083.995.791.982.47.983.167.753.741.73.294.266.6

96.495.794.791.784.694.489.980.37.387.658.042.529.43.693.970.0

92.789.889.085.077.991.085.574.66.7

n.857.041.729.97.388.659.8

91.889.988.683.4n.389.884.475.08.080.750.133.223.48.286.762.1

Not~s:

1 Totals for each age group include cases with no report on whether the child received any vaccine or not.Therefore, for each group, the total does not equal the sum of children vaccinated and thoseunvaccinated.

2 Record of Hepatitis 8 vaccination is available from the mother's report only.3 A child is considered to have a card If the mother reported that the child has a card, regardless of

whether the card was seen by the Interviewer or not.• The fully immunizedchl1dmust havecompletedBCG, DPT1, DPT2. DPT3. OPV1, OPV2, OPV3 and

measles vaccines before the child is 12 months of age.A child can receive more than one type of vaccine. Hence, numbers and percentages will not sum to totals.Information Is taken from the vaccInation card, and, where available from both mother's report and vaccinationcard.SQurce: PhilippinesNationalStatisticsOffice 2002MaternalandChild Hea~hSurveYIMCHS).

Breastfeeding?

INFANT FEEDING AND SUPPLEMENTATIONChap

A !8,_eed;cg, PO"""""'d",og theOm!,;,v months of infancy, conveys significant immunilogical

and nutritional benefits on infants, The Department of Health emphasizes the importanceof proper infant feeding and encourages breastfeeding among nursing mothers instead ofusing breast milk substitutes, The 2002 MCHS included a series of six questions aboutbreastfeeding to measure the extent to which women in the Philippines are heeding theadvice of the Department of Health, Women were asked whether they had ever breastfedeach of their children under age 5 and, if they had not, why not, For women who didbreastfeed, questions were asked about duration of breastfeeding and reason forstopping, Thissection of the report presents information about breastfeeding of theyoungest of a respondenfs children,

Table 17 indicates that 89,7 percent of women with children beiow 5 years of agereported having breastfed or were breastfeeding their youngest child at the time of the2002 MCHS, Thispercentage is about the same as that presented in the report of the 2001Maternal and Child Health Survey (90,1 percent in 2001, 89,7 percent in 2002), Themedian duration of breastfeeding for ali women who ever breastfed or who are currentlybreastfeeding was 10,3 months, indicating that half of women choosing to breastfeed doso for more than 10 months, For purposes of comparison, we can compare the medianduration of breastfeeding children under age 3 based on the 1993 National DemographicSurvey (NDS), 1998 National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS)and 2002 Maternaland Child Health Survey (Appendix E, table 16), The median duration of breastfeeding in2002 was 8,2 months, which is markedly lower than those recorded in the 1993 NDS (14,1months, 1993 DHStable 9,4, p, 115) and 1998 NDHS(12,8 months, 1998 DHStable 9,4,p,146), It is also siightly lower than the 2001 MCHS figure (10,0 months, 2001 MCHS table17, p,52 based on children under age 5),

Table 17 also shows that rural women are more likely to breastfeed than urbanwomen and, among women who do breastfeed, rural women do so longer, Thepercentage of MCHS respondent mothers who breastfed their youngest child was higher inrural areas than in urban areas (92,8 percent versus 86,0 percent), Conversely, theproportion of urban women who never breastfed (14,0 percent) was almost twice that ofrural women (7,2 percent), Women from the rural areas tend to breastfeed their childrenlonger than urban women, The median duration of breastfeeding among rural womenwas 11,5 months; among urban women, 6,9 months, Modal duration of breastfeedingmay be an even more telling indicator of breastfeeding practices than median duration,however. As Table 17 indicates, the most common duration of breastfeeding for ruralwomen was 10 to 12 months (15,3 percent), or slightly more than the median duration, but

the modal category for urban women was Just 1 to 3 months (23.6 percent), reflecting atendency among urban women to breastfeed for just a few months. Thiswas also afinding of the 200.1 MCHS. As will be suggested by the next table, part of the difference inbreastfeeding practices between urban and rural women may be related to lifestyledifferences; Le" to the need on the part of urban women to return to work within a fewmonths after delivery.

Table 17Number and percent of women by breastfeeding the youngest childand median months of breastfeeding, Philippines: 2002

..

I Total I Urban 'r - - - ~---

1Number of months breastfeeding Rural

Total ('000) 6,870 3,190 3,680

Ever breastfed ('000) 6,160 2,744 3,416(percent) 89.7 86.0 92.8

Less than 1 month 3.8 4.6 3.11 to 3 months 17.8 23.6 12.74 to 6 months 11.8 12.5 11.17 to 9 months 8.7 7.6 9.610 to 12 months 14.1 12.7 15.313 to 15 months 8.0 5.2 10.416 to 18 months 8.8 6.1 11.119 to 24 months 11.6 9.2 13.625 months and over 5.3 4.5 5.9

Never breastfed ('000) 710 446 264(percent) 10.3 14.0 7.2

Median months 10.3 6.9 11.5

Sou,".: Phnippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS).

A second MCHS question about breastfeeding practices was addressed to womenwho had never breastfed their youngest child. Women who never breastfed were askedwhy they had never breastfed their youngest child. The answers to this question are shownin Table 18. "Insufficient milk" (35.6 percent) was the most frequently cited reason for never.initiating breastfeeding. Insufficient milk and "nlpple/breast problem" (18.9 percent)together account for over half of women not breastfeeding. Most of the remainingdifference In reasons for never breastfeeding is the higher percentage of urban womenwho reported that they never breastfed mainly because they were working (16.7 percentf<;?rprbSlnwomen compared to 14.0 percent for rural women) and the higher percentageof rural women (13.3 percent compared to 9.5 percent for urban women) who explained

their decision as a result of poor health, The first of these differences, at least, may reflect adifference of lifestyles beyond the control of the Department of Health,

The three leading primary reasons for never initiating breastfeeding reported in the2002 MCHS were also the most frequently cited reasons in the 2001 MCHS,

Table 18Distribution of women, who never breastfed by primary reasonbreastfeeding was never initiated and residence, Philippines: 2002

Primary reason for Percent of women who never breaslfed 1never initiating breaslfeeding Total I Urban I Rural I

Insufficient milk 35.6 40,2 27.8Nipple/breast problem 18.9 17.4 21.4Mother working 15.7 16,7 14.0Mother ill/weak 10,9 9,5 13.3Child refused 9.9 9,4 10,8Child ill/weak 2.5 2,1 3,0Others 6,5 4.7 9,6

Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Matemal and Child Health Survey (MCHS),

The need to return to work also accounts for some of the urban-rural difference inpercentage of women who initiated but later stopped breastfeeding, shown in Table 19,However, this differential is matched by the residential difference in percent of womenreporting "insufficient milk" as cause for discontinuing breastfeeding and it is more thanoffset by the difference in percentage of women citing "weaning age" as reason forstopping, One fourth (25,0 percent) of total women not currently breastfeeding cited"insufficient milk" as the main reason for stopping breastfeeding. A higher percentage ofurban women gave this reason for discontinuing breastfeeding (29,5 percent) than ruralwomen (20,8 percent),

'Weaning age" was given by almost the same percentage of mothers as"insufficient milk" (24,8 percent vs, 25,0 percent) as the primary reason for stoppingbreastfeeding. A much larger percentage of rural women than urban women cited"weaning age" as primary reason for not currently breastfeeding, consistent with the highermedian length of breastfeeding In rural areas (Table 17)-

Vitamin A andIron Supplementation s:

Table 19Women who ever breastfed and women who are not currently breastfeedlngyoungest child by primary reason for stopping breastfeeding and residence,Philippines: 2002

'c ~---

Breastfeeding status and primary reason forstopping breastfeeding Total Urban Rural

Total women ever breastfed ('000) 6,160 2,744 3,416

Currently breastfeeding (percent) 37.4 32.4 41.4Not currently breastfeeding (percent) 62.6 67.6 58.6

Total women not currently breastfeeding ('000) 3,854 1,854 2,000

Percent not breastfeeding by reason:Insufficient milk 25.0 29.5 20.8Weaning age 24.8 15.7 33.2Mother working 14.6 19.2 10.4Child refused 13.2 13.8 12.5Nipple/breast problem 5.7 5.7 5.8Became pregnant 3.3 2.7 4.0Mother ill/weak 4.7 4.7 4.8Started using contraception 3.4 3.3 3.5Child iIIlweak 1.8 1.7 2.0Others 3.2 3.6 2.8

Smm:e: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Matemal and Child Health Survey (MCHS).

rW~dHeOlth Organization <>recommends tha1 childrenaged 6 to 59 months be given vitamin A and iron supplements, Thissection of the reportpresents the results of the 2002 MCHS about vitamin A and iron suppler:nents given duringthe six months preceding the survey to each of the women's children 6 to 59 months ofage,

Table 20 shows that 86.1 percent of children aged 6 to 59 months were givenvitamin A capsules, and 72.8 percent were given iron drops/syrup, These percentages arehigher than those reported In the 2001 MCHS (75.6 percent and 68.2 percent, respectively)(Figure 6).

Urban children were more likely to get vitamin and iron supplements than ruralchildren. As shown in Figure 7, 87.8 percent and 77.0 percent of urban children ascompared to 84.8 percent and 69.2 percent of rural children received vitamin A and irondrops/syrup, respectively. As with other MCHS indicators, three regions, namely, CentralLuzon, Western Visayas, and Caraga consistently ranked higher than other regions in termsof vitamin A and iron supplements (Table 20). ARMM consistently ranked lowest. NorthernMindanao, Western Visayas, Caraga, and Central Luzon recorded the highest percentages!of children who received vitamin A supplements with at least 90 percent each. More than ~80 percent of children 6 to 59 months of age received iron drops/syrup in Metro Manila,lIocos Region, Caraga, and Western Visayas. In the ARMM, only 46.8 percent receivedvitamin A and 41 .2 percent received iron drops/syrup.

Table 20of children 6 to 5911l0nthll of age who received vitamin A or Iron

slsyrup during the six months preceding the survey by selectedkground chsracteristics, Philippines: 2002

Percent of children who receivedBackground Number ofcharacteristics children '000

otal 8,671 86.1 72.8

6 - 11 months 975 79.7 69.012 - 23 months 1,885 87.1 73.624 - 35 months 1,958 86.1 72.436 - 47 months 1,939 88.1 73.448 - 59 months 1,914 86.4 73.8

ResidenceUrban 3,995 87.7 77.0Rural 4,675 84.8 69.2

egionMetro Manila 930 88.5 84.7CAR 175 87.1 76.61I0cos Region 424 82.6 85.1Cagayan Valley 337 83.6 73.7Central Luzon 849 91.1 77.1Southern Tagalog 1,231 87.1 69.4Bicol Region 642 81.0 62.8Western Visayas 703 93.2 81.1Central Visayas 624 87.9 76.6Eastern Visayas 489 85.2 60.8Western Mindanao 406 82.1 56.8Northern Mindanao 330 94.5 77.3Southern Mindanao 661 86.9 74.6Central Mindanao 357 83.7 63.2ARMM 253 46.8 41.2Caraga 261 91.3 83.5

ourei': Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child Health SurveyMCI:tS

As was also found in 2001 , the 2002 data show little variation in the percentage ofchildren who received the two dietary supplements by age group, Thismay indicate thatcoverage for vitamin A and iron has stabilized at 60 to 90 percent, In addition, except forchildren age group 6 to 11 months, the percentages of children who received vitamin Asupplements based on the 2002 MCHS are higher than those reported in the 1998 NDHS(DHSTable 8,18, p,139), This represents improvement in vitamin A coverage after fouryears,

85.102001

68.2

.2002 Figure 6Percent of children 6to 59 months of agewho receivedvitamin A or irondrops/syrup duringthe six monthspreceding thesurvey by year,Philippines: 2001and.2002---'--..1

Vitamin A Iron drop/syrup

SoulUS: Philippines National statistics OffIce. 2001 and 2002 Matemal and Child HealthSurvey (MCHS).

o Total • Urban o Rural

87.784.8

77.072.8

r" 69.2

Vitamin A lro~drop/syrup

Sou'U.J; PhilippInes NaUonal statistics Office. 2002 Matemal and Child HealthSurvey (MCHS).

Figure 7Percent of children6 to 59 months ofage who receivedvitamin A or irondrops/syrup duringthe six monthspreceding thesurvey byresidence,Philippines: 2002

REFERENCES

National Statistics Office (Philippines) and Macro International Inc. (MI), 1994. NationalDemographic Survey: 1993. Calverton, Maryland: NSO and MI

National Statistics Office, 1997. 1997 Maternal and Child Health Survey, October 1997,Manila, Philippines

National Statistics Office, Department of Health (Philippines) and Macro International Inc.(MI), 1999. National Demographic and Health Survey: 1998, Manila: NSO and MI

National Statistics Office, 1999. 1999 Maternal and Child Health Survey, Final Report:April 1999, Manila~ Philippines

National Statistics Office, 2000. 2000 Maternal and Child Health Survey, Final Report:April 2000, Manila, Philippines

National Statistics Office, 2000. 2000 Family Planning Survey, Final Report: November2000, Manila, Philippines

National Statistics Office, 2001. 2001 Family Planning Survey, Final Report: November2000, Manila, Philippines

~~~««o'A"'.<.li:'l»»m»~(oi):A,,(<<O'b~oi)>>; J~"l'&'BT~A-...a>~.~••••••••••.••~!&~.lM"l; 2002 ~ IUUl Cf.ff.J eM aUk &

I

APPENDICES

APPENDIXAQUESTIONNAIRE

2002 MCHS FORM 1NSCB CLEARANCE NO. NSO - 0011-01EXPIRES DECEMBER 31, 2002

Set __ 0'__ Se (s)CONFIDENTIALITY: This survey is authorized by Commonwealth. ctNo. 591. All information obtained about any individual respondent will beheld stricti confidential. '

REpUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

NATIONAL STATISTICS OFFICEManila

2002 Maternal and ChildHealth Survey

PROV _

CITY/MUN

BGy _

URBANITY : _ .

EA .

HCN .

LN .

Name of Eligible Woman:

Reason for Non-response: (Please Enter Code)J - Refused2 • Respondent not around/not available3 - Others (specify) _

The 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS) is anational survey on maternal and child health. The followingquestions are asked of all female members of households. regardlessof marital status, who are aged J5 to 49 years and who havesurviving children below 5years of age. Please do not feel offended,embarrassed or uncomfortable in answering these questions. Weneed your honest answers so we could provide development plannerswith information to guide them on decision making. Date of Interview .

MONTH

CDDAY i

NO QUESTIONS CHIWREN BELOW 5 YEARS OLD AND CURRENTLY ALIVE

WRITE NAME OF LIVING CHILDRENBELOW.5 YEARS OLD.

CJDLDDNAME _

CHILD 0NAME _

CHILD0NAME _

DAY

No ...

MONTHYEAR

•.•..... 1

..~SKIP TO 6

DAY

No ..

MONTHYEAR

SKIP TO 6 ...~

DAY

Yes , I

No ...

MONTI! YEAR IITJITJITITIITJITJITITIITJITJITOJ ,

SKJPTo,JJ

When was (NAME OF CHILD) born?

When you were pregnant with (NAMEOF CHILD), did you cOIISult anyone fOfprenatal care?

4 Whom did you consult?

Who else?

ENCIRCLE I FOR ALLPERSONS MENTIONED

AND 2 FOR THOSENOT MENTIONED

SEEN

Doctor INurse _ I

Midwife IHilet _ IOthers (specify)... I

NorSEEN

22222

SEEN

Doctor INurse 1

Midwife 1Hilot. . IOthers (specify) _ I

NOrSEEN

22222

SEEN

Doctor : I

Nurse IMidwife IHilot IOthers (spedfy) I

NOllSEEN

iiiiiI

No.ofvisits

IF DON'T KNOW ENTER 98rn

IYES NO DK

~

2 ~

1 2 ~

---LJSKIP TO 8

Iron tab/cap

lodillecap

Tetanus toxoid

Home-basedmother record

IF OON'T KNOW ENTER 98rn

No_ of visits

YES NO OKHome-based 2TTIOtherrecord

Iron tablcap .1 2

Iodine cap 2

Tetanus toxoid 1 2 8

SKIP TO 8 ---U

YES NO OK

No, of visits

SKIP TO 8

IF DON'T KNOW ENTER 98rn

Home-basedITIlIther record

Iron tab/cap

Iodine cap

Tetanus toxoid

How many prenatal visits did you havedurillg your pregnancy with (NAME OFCHILD)?

When you were pregnant with (NAMEOF CHILD), were you given thefollowing?

HIIme-based mother record?

Iroll tabId/capsule?

Iodine capsule?

Tetanus toxoid?

,

QUESTIONS

CIIILD DCHILDREN BELOW S YEARS OLD AND aJRRENTL Y ALIVE

CHILD D CHILD DDurins YOUTpt"tglW1C)'with(NAME OF CHILD) howrm")' times did you gettetanus toxoid injection?

NAME

No.ofTimes

DIFDON'T"' .••WW ENTER 8

NAMENo, ofTinv::s

DIF DON'T KNOW ENTER 8

NAME

No.ofTimes

DIF DON'T KNOW, ENTER 8

••

10

Did you receive llll)' tetanustoxoid injections durins )'Ourprevious prtgnlIncies or-anytime: in the past?

How rrony ttm:s?

Who attended 10 the deliveryof (NAME OP CHILO)?

Anyoneelse1

Did you eonsuh rmyone forpostl13U11eheck-up after thebirth of (NAME OPCHILD)?

Yes ...............•.................................. 1

IT]IF DON'T KNOW, El'ITER 98

Who attended?

YES NODoctor I 2Nurse I 2Midwife I 2Hilot 1 2Others (lp«Jfy) I 2

Yes INo 21

(SKIP TO 12) ...........,J

Yes 1

IT]IF DON'T KNOW, ENTER 98

Who attended?

YES NO

Doctor 1 2Nurse 1 2Midwife I 2Hilot 1 2Others (Ip«lfy) I 2

Yes 1

No 2l(SKIP TO (2) .....-J

Yes .••.•.•.••.••.••.•..•..•.••.••.•..••.•.••.•... 1

~~ww ••••••••••••••••••••••••• ~ ••••••• : =j(SKIP TO 9)

IT]IF DON'T KNOW. ENTER 98

Who attended?

~ NODoctor 1 2Nurse I 2Midwifc 1 2Hilot l 2Others (1pn:(fY) .••..•..•. 1 2

Yes 1No 2l

(SKIP TO 12) .....-J

Yes No OK Yes No OK11 Which of the fol1owing were

performed wbm you .••••entfor postMlDI ched:-up1

A~ c:wnirul.tionBfellSt examinationIntemnl examinationFamily planning lIdviccBreastfoeding lIdviceBaby can: adviceOeck-up ofb:lbyO\hen; (ASK R.ESPOIfflENT)

Abdominlll cxamB_~Intemnl ClllmFilmily plllJlningBrtaSlfeedingBMy_Chedwp OftlClbyOthers (lpccify) __

Yes No DK

2 •2 B2 B2 •2 B2 B2 B2 B

Abdominal exam IBl'C:llSICXllITl IIntemnlcXllJll IFamfly pbnning IBl'C:llSlfecding IBabyClll'e ICheckup ofbaby IOthers (lp«ify) __ I

22222222

8

B••BBBB

AbdominIlI CXlIJlIBl'C:llStexamIntcrtUll CXIlJ1\Family planningBrellStf~BMy-Cbec:kup ofbabyOthm (1p«Jfj» __

22222222

•BBB8BB•

12

13

I'

IS

Did you ever breastfeed(NAME OF CHILD)?

\Vhy did you not breastfeed(NAME OF onLD)?

Are you currentlybrc:astfecding (NAME OFCHILD)?

For bow rmny months haveyou been breast.feeding(NAMEOF OfIW)?

For how ImIlY rmnths didyou tn:astfecd (NAME OFCHILD)?

Yes :::::::::. ~lNo.....(~~PTO I') ~

Mother UVweak 1-Child UVweak 2_Nipple/breart problem 3-IlISIIn"rcientmilk ......................................• -M"""'_ S-Child refused 6_Others (1p«Jfy) 7_

(SKIP TO 18)

Yes ••.••.•••••.•••••.••.••.••.•••••.••••••••.••.••.••..••.•••• 1No 21

(SKIP TO 16)' ~

No. of Months

CDI (SKIP TO 18)

No. of Months

CD

~~.•••••••••.••..•••••••••••••••••••••••••~••••.:J(SKIP TO 16)

MOlher ilVweak 1-Child UVweak 2_Nipple/brell.n problem 3_IlISIIffieicm milk 4_Motherworl:ing 5_Otild refused 6_Others (lp«Ify) 7_

(SKIP TO 18)

INo. of Months

CD

Mother n\lweak i-Otild Ullweak 2_Nipp1elbreast problem 3_Insufl'kient milk 4_Mother working 5_Otild refused 6_OthcB (l~fy) 7_

(SKIP TO 18)

,.

NO.orMonths

IT]

,

I

I,

jJ'~~~'O';.~{.y.(<<-"~~~~,~~'W',-»~\,,.».i2002 ~ aMd C/dMA-auk cr.....J&W~.W&~~~h'jj.'iJS""A'\¥~!'M')f~A~9AYAWl""\':e)jjij(~ ., I

II

NO QUESTIONS

CHILOD

CHILDREN BELOW 5 YEARS OLD AND CURRENTLY ALIVE

CUll'» D CHlLDD

NAME _ NAME _ NAME

.J

17 Why did you stopbreastfeeding (NAME OFCHILD)?

ENCIRCLE ONLY THEMAIN REASON.

Mother ilVweak . 01Child ill/weak 02Child died 03Nipplelbreilllt problem 04Insufficient milk osMother working 06Child refused 07Weaning age. OBBecame pregnant. 09Started using contraception. 10Others (specify) 11

Mother ilVweak . 01Child ilVweak . 02Child died 03Nipple!breast problem 04Insufficient milk osMother working 06Child refused .. 07Weaning age. .08Became pregnant... 09Started using contraception. 10Others (specify) 11

Mother ill/weak .Child ill/weak .ChilddierlNipple/breast problem.Insufficient milkMother workingChild rcfused .Weaning ageBecame prcgnant ,.Started using contraception.. ...... iOthers (specifY) ...

.. 01

.. 020]

... 04.. OS..06.. 07

08091011

18 At anytime during the last sixmonths, did (NAME OFCHILD) receive any of thefollowing:

YES NO OK YES NO OK YES NO OKVitamin A capsuleIodine capsule

Iron drops/s)TUP

Vitamin A cap

Iodine capsule

Iron drops/syrup

Vitamin A cap

Iodine capsule

Iron drops/syrup 2

Vitamin A cap

Iodine capsule

Tron drops/syrup

~~::::.::':::::.::'::'::':::::::::::::::::::::::::J(SKIP TO 28) ...J

19 Did (NAME OF ClllLD) everreceive any vaccination toprevent himlher from gettingdisease?

Y~No.

OK.

Yes. ................ 1

~~ ........•.•••••.••.•.•••(S~P.TO.28).8

~;.::.:::::.:.:::::::::.:,:::::::::::::::::::::::::J(SKIP TO 21) ~

,

... J.i

(SKIP TO 21),

I

i,i

...............j,l2

Y~.

No.

OK ..

.............. 1Yes ..Yes .. I

~~::'::'::'::::::::-:.::::::::,.:.,...::::::::::::J(SKIP TO 21) ..;..J

DO NOT ASK QUESTION20a IF CHILD IS LESSTHAN ONE YEAR OLD.ENCIRCLE I.

Did (NAME OF CHILD)receive a BeG vaccinationagainst tuberculosis, that is, aninjection in the upper portionof the arm which usuallycauses a scar?

20,

20

Did (NAME OF CHILD)receive this BeG vaccinebefore hislher first birthday'!

yes 1No 2DK. . B

Y~NoOK

................................ 128

Y~ .No ..OK

.................... " .... 1............ !. 2

.............. 8

.. 121

21,

Did (NAME OF CHILD)receive a OPT vaccinationagainst diphtheria, pertussis,and tetanus, that is, IIllinjection in the thigh?

How many times?

Y~

~~' :::::::.::.::::::::::::::::::::::::::: :=](SKIP TO 22) ...Jo

Yes 1

:~ :.::::.::'::::::::::::::::::::::::J(SKIP TO 22) ..Jo

Y~NoOK ..

(SKIP TO 22)

o

DK 8

.21b DO NOT ASK QUESTION2t b IF CIDLD IS LESSTHAN ONE YEAR OLD.ENCIRCLE 1.

Did (NAME OF CHILD)receive the thirdllilllt OPT vac-cine before hislher firstbirthday?

Y~No.

................................ 1

, 2

Yes 1

No

OK.

Yes I

No.. .. 2

OK 8

o~~ :::.::'::.::.::.::.::.:::::::::::::::::::::::::: =l

(SKIPTO23)..J

22

22,

Did (NAME OF CHILDreceive a polio vaccine, that is.drops in the mouth?

How many times?

Yes 1

~~:::::::::.:::::'::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::~(SKIP TO 23) ...J

o

Yes .. .................. 1 Yes. .... ~ i

:~. :::'::::::::::::':::::':::::::::::::::::::::j]: =l(SKIP TO 23) I.J

Io I

I

NO QUESTIONS CHILDREN BELOW 5 XEARS OLD AND CURRENTLY ALIVE

0,

0 0CIULD CIULD CHILD

NAME NAME NAME

22b DO NOT ASKQUESTION ." IFCIULD IS LESS TIIANONE YEAR OlD.ENCIRCLE l.

Dm (NAME OF CHILD) Yes .. ..1 Yes. 1 Y~ .1receive the thirdllllSt polio No ............................................ 2 No • No .............. 2vaccine before hWher 6nt ........................................

birthday? DK. 8 OK ........................................ 8 OK .................................. 8

23 Did (NAME OF CmLD) Yes .. .................................. \ Y~. 1 Y~ ........ 1receive an injection against No••.••.••.••.••.•..••.••.•.•••.••..••.••.••.••3 No •.•......•.•••••••.•••••••.••..•..••••••••..3 No ............3measles?

OK OK OK(SKIP TO 24) (SKIP TO 24) (SKIP TO 24)

23. Did Y~ .............................................. 1 Y~ ........ 1 Y~ ...........................•........•.... 1(NAME OF CHILD)

receive Ihis ~I~ No ............................................ 2 No ....................................... - ... 2 No. 2

vaccine before hislher lint OK .............................................. 8 OK .......................................... 8 OK 8birthday?

•• Did (NAME OF CHILD) yes ...... ...... 1 Y~ .......... 1 Y~. .......... 1receLve an injection against No •••.•••••.•••••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••3 No .•..•.•.•••••.•••.••.•••••••••••.••••••••••3 No ••.••.••.••.••.••.••••.•••••••••••.••••••.••3Hepatitis 8? OK OK OK

(SKIP TO 25) (SKIP TO 25) (SKIP TO 25)

••• How many times? 0 0 0" Do you have a card where

(NAME OF CHILD'S) Yes, seen ........... ] Yes, seen :::.j Yes, seen •••••••••••.•••.•••.•.jvaccinations = writtendown? Yes. not seen .................................. ~ Yes, not seen Yes, not seen

IF YES: May I see it No card . ................................. ) No card . ............................... ) No card ..please?

(SKIP TO 28) (SKIP TO 28) (SKIP TO 28)(SKIP TO 27) (SKIP TO 27) (SKIP TO 27)

26 Did ",. ,= have • Y~

................................................ ] Y~

................................................ ~Yes .. .................................•..•....... ~vaccination ,.-d r"

(NAME OF CHILD)? No No No.(SKIP TO 28) (SKIP TO 28) (SKIP TO 28)

27 COPY VACCINATION MO OAY YEAR MO DAY YEAR MO DAY YEARDATES FOR EACHVACCINE FROM THE BCG [IJ[IJrrm BCG [IJ[IJrrm BCG [IJ[IJrrmCARD

OPTI [IJ[IJrrm OPTI [IJ[IJrrm OPT! [IJ[IJrrmWRITE "88" IN~MONTH" COLUMN IF om [IJ[IJrrm om [IJ[IJrrm OPT2 [IJ[IJrrmCARD SHOWS THAT AVACCINATION WAS OPT3 [IJ[IJrrm OPT) [IJ[IJrrm DPTJ [IJ[IJrrmGIVEN, BUT NO DATERECORDED. POLlOI [IJ[IJrrm POLIO I [IJ[IJrrm POLIO 1 [IJ[IJrrm

POLIO 2 [IJ[IJrrm POLIO 2 [IJ[IJrrm POU02 [IJ[IJrrmPOLIO) [IJ[IJrrm POLIO) [IJ[IJrrm POLIO) [IJ[IJrrmMEASLES [IJ[IJrrm MEASLES [IJ[IJrrm MEASLES [IJ[IJrrm

" GO TO NEXT CHILD OR END INTERVIEW GO TO NEXT CHILD OR END INTERVIEW GET ANOTHER FORM FOR NEXT CHILDOR END INTERVIEW

REMARKS: _

NAME OFENuMERATOR: _

SIGNATIJRE

DATE INTERVIEWED -----------------

NAMEOPSUPERVISOR: _

SIGNATURE

DATE VERIFIED: _

H Name of Line No. of Name of Female Member Age of Female Does (NAME OF FEMALE FPS SAQ FPS MCHS

C Household Head Female Member 15-49 Yrs. Old Member 15-49 MEMBER 15-49 YRS. OLD) Date of Date of Date of Remarks

N 15-49 Yrs. Old Yrs. Old have any swviving children Pick-up InteIView IntelViewbelow 5 yrs. old?

(I) (Z) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

y" No

I 21 2I 2I 2I 2I 2I 2I 2I 2I 2I 2I 2I 2I 2I 2

2002 Fps-McHS Form 1 - Listing Foy!'fl

I' 'N I00N

I"T1"tICIl-s:0:I: ::t.. ICIl :g ,~"T1 •0

~::us:~ ~..•.

I :..:: ~r- t:l:I

[en::!zG'>"T10 l::us:

~

tf

Date Reviewed

Page __ of __ pages

Name and Signature of Reviewer

Date Edited

Name and Signature of Provincia! Processor

Date Reviewed

Name and Signature ofSupetvisor

Date Submitted

Name and Signature ofEnwnerator

REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

NATIONAL STATISTICS OFFICEManila

2002 Family Planning Survey/Maternal and Child Health Survey

Province ~MunicipalityBarangay _~-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_--EA ~~____________ .

FPS-MCHS LISTING FORM

APPENDIXCTRAINING, FIELD OPERATIONS AND DATA PROCESSING

ORGANIZATIONAl. SET-UP FOR THE SURVEY

The NSO has the primary responsibilily for implementing the sUNey. TheDirector of the Household Statistics Department (HSD),provided overall direction onthe conduct of the sUNey. The Regional Directors (RD's),assisted by the regionalstatisticians, acted as coordinators in their respective regions. The ProvincialStatistics Officers (PSOs)were responsible for the smooth conduct of the fieldoperations in their province. They supeNised the efficient allocation of workloadamong the enumerators and ensured that enumerators followed the enumerationprocedures strictly. The other functions of the PSOsincluded recruitment ofenumerators, arrangement of training venues, supeNision of the enumeration,approval of payment of wages and traveling expenses of field staff, and such otherfunctions as may be instructed by the HSDDirector.

NSO'sDistrict Statistical Officers (DSOs)or Statistical Coordination Officers(SCOs)acted as supeNisors of the hired Statistical Researchers (SRs)who worked asenumerators (ENs)for this sUNey.

Household Statistics Department((J)irector)

Regional Offices('R!gionaf (J)irector)

Provincial Statistics Offices(Provincia[ Statistics Officer)

District Statistical Offices((J)iStrit:t Statistica[ officer) .

LEVELSOF TRAINING

The three-level training for the 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS) fieldoperations was conducted simultaneously with the training for the LFSand FPS.

Selected Central Office personnel and two representatives from each regionparticipated in the first-level training, which was conducted from March 4 to 7, 2002 in theNSO Training Room, The two representatives acted as trainers in the second-level training,For some regions, a Central Office personnel was sent to assist in the secor:1d-level training.

The second-level training was held in the regional offices at different dates asfoilows: (1) NCR, Regions 2, 3, 4, 7 and 8 - March 18 to 21, 2002; (2) Caraga - March 18to 22, 2002; (3) CAR, Regions 5, 9, 10& 12 - March 19 to 22, 2002; and (4) Region 1 -March 20 to 22, 2002, The participants in the second level training were the NSO RegionalDirectors, Provincial Statistics Officers and Officers-in-Charge or their assistants, andselected Statisticians and Statistical Coordination Officers,

The third-level training was held for five days in the provincial offices. The DSOs,SCOs, and selected provincial staff, who acted as supervisors for the field operations, an,dhired SRsparticipated in the third-level training.

The training for ail levels consisted of lectures on the concepts and definitions usedin the surveys, instructions on filling-up the MCHS forms, enumeration procedures, manualprocessing instructions, and conduct of mock and field practice interviews. Writtenexercises were administered to ail participants at the end of the day.

ENUMERATION

The enumeration for the 2002 MCHS took place from April 8 to 30, 2002. Personalinterview was adopted in the 2002 MCHS. Eligible women, 15 to 49 years of age, whohave surviving children below five years old, regardless of marital status, were enumeratedusing the MCHS questionnaire. A second and/or third visit, or cailback, were made to 'women who were not available during the interview.

As in any survey conducted by the NSO, the enumerators in the 2002 MCHSencountered problems that were usually related to the following:

~ covering executive villages especiaily in NCR and other highly urbanized !

cities~ covering sample barangays with peace and order probiems especiaily

those in Mindanao area~ getting the cooperation and trust of some MCHS ERs~ discrepancy in estimated versus actual number of mandays required to

interview households for areas without updated transport information foruse in estimation of mandays.

SUPERVISION

Selected Central Office personnel, RDsand regional statisticians, PSOsand theirstatisticians/assistants, DSOsand selected SCOs supervised the conduct of the survey.

The selected Central Office personnel were assigned one province to supervise inthe first week of the enumeration period (April 8-11). The provinces included for supervisionwere those that were observed to have the most erroneous entries in the 2002 MCHS.Designated supervisors from the regional and provinciai offices spot-checked the fieldoperations in their respective areas of assignment until the completion of the survey.

DATA PROCESSiNG

Manuai verification of MCHS questionnaires and FPS-MCHSListing Forms was doneat the Provincial Office by Provinciai Office staff, who attended the Task Force and Second-Level Training. Manuai editing included matching of FPSand MCHS questionnaires againstListing Form and Sample Barangay Reference File (SBRF),completeness check of FPSquestionnaires, and consistency check of entries in the FPSquestionnaires.

The edited MCHS questionnaires and FPS-MCHSListing Forms were submitted to theRegional Offices for the foilowing data processing activities: 1) data entry, 2) keyverification, and 3) matching of geo-id, highest grade completed, usual occupation, andmarital status with the corresponding entries in the LFSQuestionnaires.

•.&It;:'~Z~".~.Kt2002 ~aIUf C/dfJ ~ cJ"~

APPENDIXDDISTRIBUTION OF WOMEN BY PRENATAL CARE PROVIDER!DELIVERY ASSISTANT BASED ON MULTIPLE RESPONSE*

Table 1Distribution of women with surviving children 0 to 59 months of age who receivedprenatal care during pregnancy with the youngest surviving child by type of prenatalcare provider and residence (based on multiple response to question on type ofprenatal care provider), Philippines: 2002

Prenatal care status andtype of provider Total Urban Rural

All women ('000) 6,870 3,190 3,680Percent who received prenatal care 94.1 95.8 92.7Women who received prenatal care ('000) 6,467 3,055 3,412

Percent who received care from:Doctor 45.4 60.4 31.9Nurse 7.7 10.9 4.9Midwife 64.0 51.7 75.0Hilot 29.8 18.7 39.8Others 0.5 0.7 0.3

Note:* Respondents can specify more than one type of prenatal care provider. Percentages do not add

up to 100.Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS).

Table 2Percent distribution of children 0 to 59 months of age by type of birth attendant duringdelivery according to background characteristics, Philippines: 2002

Total numberBackground of childrencharacteristics ('000) Doctor Nurse Midwife Hilot Others

Total 9,621 33.2 16.4 34.8 43.5 3.6

ResidenceUrban 4,420 48.2 23.6 41.9 24.1 3.7Rural 5,201 20.4 10.2 28.7 60.1 3.4

RegionMetro Manila 1,034 67.8 32.3 45.6 5.8 5.8CAR 191 45.6 34.5 30.6 24.9 18.01I0cos Region 485 33.5 21.7 57.0 32.8 1.3'Cagayan Valley 376 23.4 15.7 37.7 51.9 2.9Central Luzon 913 42.6 18.0 48.0 14.8 0.8Southern Tagalog 1,363 35.2 15.7 36.8 35.7 5.0Bicol Region 693 16.5 4.7 24.7 63.9 1.4Western Visayas 790 33.5 20.3 29.7 50.3 4.4Central Visayas 707 29.0 15.9 34.4 45.3 3.1Eastern Visayas 555 23.9 8.2 18.1 64.9 1.0Western Mindanao 452 21.1 14.2 29.7 68.2 8.4Northern Mindanao 371 23.4 9.0 30.5 58.6 2.6Southern Mindanao 743 28.0 12.6 29.9 54.9 2.0Central Mindanao 387 24.2 14.8 32.1 61.4 2.3ARMM 267 8.5 2.9 14.1 84.5 1.3Caraga 294 20.8 8.5 26.3 63.9 3.4

Prenatal visits duringpregnancyNone 599 10.6 4.9 20.5 70.5 6.2.1-3 Visits 2,427 18.3 8.9 29.9 59.4 3.64+ visits 6,358 41.3 20.6 38.1, 34.6 3.3Don't Know 237 25.8 8.6 31.1 53.2 4.4

Economic StatusPoor 3,780 13.0 6.3 25.2 68.5 4.0Non-Poor' 5,840 46.2 22.9 41.0 27.4 3.3

Notes: Respondents can specify more than one type of birth attendant. Percentages do not add up to 100'lSource: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Matemal and Child Health Survey (MCHS).

APPENDIXETABULATION OF SAMPLING ERRORS FOR SELECTED ESTIMATES

Table 1Sample estimate of percentage of mothers with surviving children 0 to 59 months of age whohad 4 or more prenatal care visits during pregnancy with youngest child by.damain

95% Confidence interval NumberEstimate Standard CY Lower

IUpper Desjgn of obser-

Category (%) error (%) (%) (%) (%) effect vations

Philippines 67.5 0.7 1.05 66.1 68.9 1.91 5,664

ResidenceUrban 75.4 0.7 0.98 73.9 76.9 1.47 3,670 .Rural 60.7 1.1 1.88 58.4 62.9 1.83 1,994

RegionMetro Manila 85.1 1.4 1.66 82.3 87.9 1.46 787CAR 53.9 3.9 7.20 46.3 61.5 2.24 2131I0cos Region 54.9 3.0 5.39 49.1 60.7 1.34 207Cagayan Valley 61.6 3.7 6.08 54.3 69.0 1.76 189 .Central Luzon 71.2 2.0 2.79 67.3 75.1 1.49 560Southern Tagalog 66.4 2.0 3.04 62.5 70.4 1.97 720Sicol Region 58.1 3.3 5.76 51.5 64.6 2.28 296Western Visayas 72.2 2.5 3.52 67.3 77.2 1.70 389Central Visayas 73.6 2.2 2.93 69.4 77.9 1.37 437Eastern Visayas 57.4 3.8 6.65 49.9 64.8 2.69 271Western Mindanao 70.3 3.2 4.60 63.9 76.6 1.94 273Northern Mindanao 75.0 3.2 4.22 68.8 81.2 2.07 297Southern Mindanao 64.2 2.8 4.42 58.7 69.8 1.73 327Central Mindanao 60.6 3.7 6.11 53.3 67.8 1.97 218ARMM 47.9 4.0 8.36 40.1 55.8 2.74 199Caraga 71.0 3.3 4.58 64.6 77.4 1.97 281

Table 2Sample estimate of percentage of mothers with surviving children 0 to 59 months of age whoreceived Iron tablets/capsule during pregnancy with the youngest child by domain

95% Confidence interval Number ofEstimate Standard C.V. Lower

IUpper Design obser-

Category (%) error (%) (%) 1%\ i%\ effect vations

Philippines 82.2 0.5 0.67 81.1 83.2 1.71 8,299

ResidenceUrban 85.2 0.6 0.75 84.0 86.5 1.27 4,942Rural 79.5 0.9 1.09 77.8 81.2 2.03 3,357

RegionMetro Manila 88.6 1.2 1.31 86.4 90.9 1.19 926CAR 76.7 3.1 4.06 70.6 82.$ 0.94 3691I0cos Region 79.5 2.5 3.15 74.6 84.5 1.66 378Cagayan Valley. 80.6 3.4 4.27 73.9 87.4 2.61 297Central Luzon 83.9 1.6 1.91 80.8 87.0 1.55 776Southern Tagalog 82.5 1.5 1.84 79.5 85.4 1.93 1,078Bicol Region 71.4 2.9 4.03 65.7 77.0 2.20 497Western Visayas 88.8 1.5 1.68 85.9 91.7 1.49 529Central Visayas 88.1 1.6 1.81 85.0 91.2 1.45 575Eastern Visayas 79.3 2.0 2.54 75.3 83.2 1.15 453Western Mindanao 79.3 3.0 3.73 73.5 85.1 2.06 387Northern Mindanao 89.0 2.7 3.06 83.7 94.4 2.40 388Southern Mindanao 84.1 1.8 2.12 80.6 87.6 1.61 492Central Mindanao 77.7 4.0 5.12 69.9 85.5 2.96 344ARMM 44.8 4.0 8.97 36.9 52.7 1.44 427Caraga 88.1 2.0 2.26 84.2 92.0 0.98 383

Table 3Sample estimate of percentage of children beiow 5 years old who are protected against neonataltetanus by domain

95% Confidence interval NumberEstimate Standard C.v. Lower

IUpper Design of obser-

Category (%) error (%) (%) r%\ i%) effect vations

Philippines 62.2 0.7 1.18 60.8 63.7 2.52 10,934

ResidenceUrban 58.8 0.9 1.54 57.0 60.6 1.69 6,457Rurai 65.1 1.1 1.72 62.9 67.3 3.29 4,477

RegionMetro Manila 55.3 2.0 3.56 51.5 59.2 1.81 1,210CAR 68.7 3.4 4.95 62.1 75.4 1.11 4371I0cos Region 56.3 3.9 6.94 48.6 64.0 3.50 505Cagayan Valley 67.0 4.1 6.15 58.9 75.1 3.37 376Central Luzon 49.3 2.8 5.63 43.9 54.7 3.21 998Southern Tagalog 58.7 1.9 3.32 54.9 62.6 2.36 1,357Bicol Region 63.2 3.2 5.10 56.9 69.5 3.62 731Western Visayas 68.5 2.5 3.72 63.5 73.5 2.79 725Central Visayas 61.5 3.0 4.85 55.6 67.3 3.04 757Eastern Visayas 60.1 3.0 5.07 54.1 66.1 2.52 640Western Mindanao 69.0 3.6 5.26 61.9 76.1 3.09 500Northern Mindanao 76.7 2.5 3.21 71.9 81.6 1.39 512Southern Mindanao 78.8 2.0 2.56 74.9 82.8 2.08 635

/

Central Mindanao 70.4 3.6 5.13 63.3 77.5 2.76 476ARMM 30.2 3.8 12.59 22.8 37.7 2.04 578Caraga 74.6 2.4 3.15 70.0 79.2 0.99 497

Table 4Sample estimate of percentage of Children 12 to 23 months who are fully immunized by domain

95% Confidence interval NumberEstimate Standard CV. Lo~~r I Upper Design of obser-

Category (%) error (%) (%) (% i%l effect vations

Philippines 62.9 1.2 1.99 60.5 65.4 1.53 2,256

ResidenceUrban 66.6 1.5 2.24 63.7 69.5 1.04 1,334Rural 59.8 1.9 3.20 56.1 63.6 1.90 922

RegionMetro Manila 72.4 3.1 4.23 66.4 78.4 1.08 246CAR 56.8 6.6 11.58 43.9 69.7 0.80 881I0cos Region 52.6 6.0 11.39 40.8 64.3 1.80 106Cagayan Valley 63.2 7.0 11.09 49.5 76.9 1.63 60Central Luzon 62.6 3.9 6.24 54.9 70.2 1.41 214Southern Tagalog 66.7 3.3 5.02 60.2 73.3 1.62 289Bicol Region 57.3 4.8 8.32 47.9 66.6 1.71 168Western Visayas 76.3 3.8 5.01 68.8 83.8 1.46 144Central Visayas 70.9 4.1 5.82 62.8 79.0 1.35 153Eastern Visayas 46.8 5.8 12.35 35.5 58.1 1.90 131Western Mindanao 61.2 5.5 9.01 50.4 72.0 1.40 106Northern Mindanao 76.3 5.4 7.07 65.7 86.9 1.4;6 111Southern Mindanao 56.2 5.3 9.43 45.8 66.6 1.98 125Central Mindanao 55.9 6.6 11.78 43.0 68.8 1.76 108ARMM 17.3 4.6 26.75 8.2 26.3 0.75 104Caraga 75.2 4.1 5.52 67.1 83.4 0.70 103

Table 5Sample estimate of percentage of mothers with surviving children below 5 years old by number ofmonths breastfeeding the youngest child by domain

95% Confidence interval Number ofEstimate .Standard C.V. Lower I

Upper. Design obser-Category (%J error (%) (%) (%\ i% \ effect vatibns

Philippines

Never breastfed 10.3 0.4 3.70 9.6 11.1 1.31 905

Less than 1 month 3.8 0.2 6.53 3.3 4.3 1.39 301

1 to 3 months 17.8 0.5 2.70 16.8 18.7 1.31 1,5244 to 6 months 11.8 0.4 3.46 11.0 12.6 1.32 1,0027 to 9 months 8.7 0.4 4.26 8.0 9.4 1.44 69310 to 12 months 14.1 0.5 3.29 13.2 15.0 1.47 1,14013 to 15 months 8.0 0.4 4.65 7.3 8.7 1.56 63816 to 18 months 8.8 0.4 4.21 8.0 9.5 1.42 70719 to 24 months 11.6 0.4 3.72 10.7 12.4 1.50 93825 months and over 5.3 0.3 6.03 4.6 5.9 1.68 448Don't know 63.68 0.1 0.98 3

URBAN

Never breastfed 14.0 0.6 4.15 12.8 15.1 1.38 660

Less than 1 month 4.6 0.3 7.19 3.9 5.2 1.22 2131 to 3 months 23.6 0.7 2.92 22.3 25.0 1.31 1,1174 to 6 months 12.5 0.5 4.09 11.5 13.5 1.18 6357 to 9 months 7.6 0.4 5.37 6.8 8.5 1.18 37910 to 12 months 12.7 0.5 4.25 11.6 13.7 1.30 62713 to 15 months 5.2 0.4 6.78 4.5 5.9 1.24 28916 to 18 months 6.1 0.4 6.34 5.3 6.8 1.28 32419 to 24 months 9.2 0.5 4.99 8.3 10.2 1.25 47225 months and over 4.5 0.3 7.53 3.8 5.1 1.31 224Don't know 76.60 0.1 1.42 2

RURAL

Never breastfed 7.2 0.5 6.98 6.2 8.2 1.27 245

Less than 1 month 3.1 0.4 11.66 2.4 3.8 1.47 881 to 3 months 12.7 0.7 5.23 11.4 14.0 1.33 4074 to 6 months 11.1 0.6 5.54 9.9 12.3 1.29 3677 to 9 months 9.6 0.6 6.16 8.5 10.8 1.36 31410 to 12 months 15.3 0.7 4.76 13.8 16.7 1.37 51313 to 15 months 10.4 0.6 5.97 9.2 11.6 1.39 34916 to 18 months 11.1 0.6 5.43 9.9 12.3 1.23 38319 to 24 months 13.6 0.7 5.14 12.2 14.9 1.39 46625 months and over 5.9 0.5 8.67 4.9 7.0 1.60 224Don't know 99.99 0.40 1

2002 ~ aILd CklId ~ cr~ t:.••• I'_{fy.I?~.

Table 6Sample estimate of percentage of children below 5 years Old who received vitamin A capsule bydomain

NumberEstimate Standard C.V. Design of obser-

Category (%) error (%) (%) effect vat/ons

.Philippines 86.1 0.5 0.63 85.1 87.2 2.57 10,472

ResidenceUrban 87.7 0.6 0.72 86.4 88.9 1.76 6,190

. Rural 84.8 0.9 1.00 83.1 86.5 3.17 4,282

RegionMetro Manila 88.5 1.3 1.50 85.9 91.1 1.96 1,175CAR 87.1 2.4 2.77 82.3 91.8 1.09 448. lIocos Region 82.6 3.3 4.05 76.1 89.2 4.00 457Cagayan Valley 83.6 3.3 3.90 77.2 89.9 3.15 351Central Luzon 91.1 1:2 1.37 88.6 93.5 1.95 974Southern Tagalog 87.1 1.3 1.47 84.6 89.6 2.17 1,346Bicol Region 81.0 2.8 3.47 75.5 86.5 3.97 694Western Visayas 93.2 1.3 1.39 90.6 95.7 2.24 665Central Visayas 87.9 1.8 2.01 84.4 91.3 2.21 708. Eastern Visayas 85.2 2.1 2.47 81.1 89.3 2.07 576Western Mindanao 82.1 2.5 3.07 77.2 87.0 2.12 490Northern Mindanao 94.5 1.8 1.87 91.0 98.0 2.40 497Southern Mindanao 86.9 2.1 2.43 82.8 91.1 3.13 587Central Mindanao 83.7 3.5 4.17 76.9 90.6 3.86 464ARMM 46.8 5.0 10.60 37.1 56.5 3.02 586Caraga 91.3 1.7 1.89 87.9 94.7 1:19 454

Table 7Sample estimate of percentage of children below 5 years old who received iron drop/capsule bydomain

95% Confidence interval NumberEstimate Standard C.Y. Lower

IUpper Design of obser-

Category (%) error (%) (%) (%) i%\ effect vations

Philippines 72.8 0.8 1.04 71.3 74.3 3.06 10,472

ResidenceUrban 77.0 0.9 1.17 75.3 78.8 .2.20 6,190Rural 69.2 1.2 1.70 66.9 71.5 3:68 4,282

RegionMetro Manila 84.7 1.6 1.84 81.6 87.8 2.12 1,175CAR 76.6 3.4 4.39 70.0 83.2 1.33 448lIocos Region 85.1 2.2 2.57 80.8. 89.4 1.93 457Cagayan Valley 73.7 4.0 5.44 65.8 81.5 3.37 351 I

Central Luzon 77.1 2.0 2.64 73.1 81.1 2.41 974Southern Tagalog 69.4 2.5 3.66 64.4 74.4 4.52 1,346 i

Sicol Region 62.8 2.9 4.55 57.2 68.5 2.72 694Western Visayas 81.1 2.4 2.98 76.4 85.9 3.25 665Central Visayas 76.6 2.6 3.35 71.5 81.6 2.77 708Eastern Visayas 60.8 3.8 6.20 53.4 68.2 3.52 576Western Mindanao 56.8 3.9 6.83 49.2 64.4 3.01 490Northern Mindanao 77.3 3.8 4.96 69.8 84.9 3.36 49.7Southern Mindanao 74.6 2.8 3.80 69.0 80.1 3.39 587Central Mindanao 63.2 3.7 5.91 55.8 70.5 2.58 464ARMM 41.2 4.2 10.07 33.1 49.4 2.18 586Caraga 83.5 2.7 3.27. 78.1 88.8 1.71 454

APPENDIXFRESULTS BASED ON NEW REGIONAL GROUPING

Table IResponse rates by region for April 2002 Labor Force Survey (LFS) and Maternal and ChildHealth Survey (MCHS), Philippines: 2002

Number of households MCHS samnlewomen

Interviewed Selected WomenLFS for Response for Women inter- Response

Region sample LFS rate (%) MCHS sampled viewed rate (%)

Philippines 26,964 24,301 90.1 8,181 8,447 8,299 98.2

Metro Manila 2,880 . 2,540 88.2 913 952 926 97.3CAR 1,200 1,085 90.4 379 391 369 94.4lIocos Region 1,344 1,235 91.9 378 393 378 96.2Cagayan Valley 1,200 1,088 90.7 295 300 297 99.0Central Luzon 2,544 2,351 92.4 752 787 776 98.6Southern Tagalog 3,300 3,037 92.0 1,063 1,098 1,078 98.2Bicol Region 1,488 1,337 89.9 498- 510 497 97.5Western Visayas 2,016 1,780 88.3 534 545 . 529 97.1Central Visayas 1,824 1,633 89.5 559 578 575 99.5Eastern Visayas 1,488 1,300 87.4 454 457 453 99.1Western Mindanao 1,200 1,099 91.6 387 389 387 99.5Northern Mindanao 1,200 1,091 90.9 446 490 490 100.0Southern Mindanao 1,680 1,494 88.9 318 325 321 98.8Central Mindanao 1,200 1,075 89.6 380 389 380 97.7ARMM 1,200 1,055 87.9 446 460 460 100.0Caraga 1,200 1,101 91.8 -379 383 383 100.0

Sources: Philippines National Statistics Office, April 2002 Labor Force Survey (LFS).Philippines Nalionai Statistics Office, 2002 Malemal and Child Heallh Survey (MCHS).

Table 2Percent distribution of women with surviving children 0 to 59 months ofage by residence and region, Philippines: 2002.

Back round characteristics

Total

Region

Metro Manila

CAR

1I0cos Region

Cagayan Valley

Central Luzon

Southern Tagalog

Bicol Region

Western Visayas

Central Visayas

Eastern Visayas

Western Mindanao

Northern Mindanao 1

Southern Mindana02

Central Mindanao'

ARMM4

Caraga

6,871

730143355284673999

450550498385320339379357193216

Percent

100.0

10.6

2.1

5.2

4.19.814.56.58.07.35.64.74.95.55.22.83.1

Notes:t Composed of Bukidnon, Camiguin, Misamis Occidental, Misamis Oriental, andLanao del Norte.

2 Composed of Davao, Davao del Sur, and Davao Oriental.3 Composed of North Cotabato, South Catabalo, Sultan Kudarat, Sarangani, and

Colabato City.4 Composed of Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, Sulu, Tawi-tawi, and Marawi City.

Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Matemal and Child HealthSurvey (MCHS).

Table 3Distribution of women with surviving children 0 to 59 months of age by number of prenatal carevisits and selected background of characteristics, Philippines: 2002

Percent with number of visitsNumber of 4 or Not

Background characteristics women ('000) 0 more reported

Total 6,871 5.8 3.3 7.8 13.4 67.5 2.2

Region

Metro Manila 730 2.7 2.3 3.7 5.3 85.1 0.9

CAR 143 10.1 5.7 9.3 14.5 53.9 6.5

1I0cos Region 355 9.1 4.9 10.7 19.5 54.9 1.0

Cagayan Valley 284 7.4 4.4 12.4 11.4 61.6 2.8

Central Luzon 673 6.0 3.4 8.2 9.1 71.2 2.1

Southern Tagalog I 999 5.2 3.5 8.0 13.5 66.4 3.2

Bicol Region 450 7.1 5.4 11.9 17.2 58.1 0.2

Western Visayas 550 4.2 2.5 5.6 14.8 72.2 0.6

Central Visayas 498 3.9 1.8 3.6 ,,15.5 73.6 1.6

Eastern Visayas 385 6.8 4.7 10.5 16.4 57.4 4.3

Western Mindanao 320 6.4 2.7 4.5 11.8 70.3 4.3

Northern Mindanao 1 339 8.2 1.7 4.9 10.4 73.8 1.0

Southern Mindana02 379 4.8 1.9 11 .1 17.5 64.4 0.4

Central Mindana03 357 3.9 3.0 9.1 18.2 60.1 5.7

ARMM4 193 15.8 4.1 11.6 16.1 48.3 4.1Caraga 216 4.7 2.9 6.6 13.4 71.0 1.4

Note:1 Composed of Bukidnon, Camiguin, Misamis Occidental, Misamis Oriental, and Lanao del Norte.2 Composed of Davao, Davao del Sur, and Davao Oriental.3 Composed of North Catabalo, South Catabalo, Sultan Kudarat, Sarangani. and Cotabato City.<4 Composed of Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, Sulu, Tawi-tawi, and Marawi City.

,.;Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS).

, ,

Table 4Distribution of children 0 to 59 months of age by whether or not they are protected againstneonatal tetanus as a result of mother's tetanus toxoid vaccination (TTV) and selectedbackground characteristics, Philippines: 2002

PercentMedicine/vaccine Yes

Total 6,871 5,646 1,171 54 82.2

Region

Metro Manila 730 647 76 7 88.6CAR 143 109 31 3 76.71I0cos Region 355 283 70 2 79.5Cagayan Valley 284 229 53 2 80.6Centrai Luzon 673 565 104 5 83.9Southern Tagalog 999 824 161 15 82.5Bicol Region 450 321 127 2 71.4Western Visayas 550 489 61 0 88.8Central Visayas 498 439 59 88.1Eastern Visayas 385 306 78 2 79.3Western Mindanao 320 254 62 4 79.3Northern Mindanao 1 339 290 46 3 85.6Southern Mindana02 379 315 61 3 83.1Central Mindanao' 357 299 57 1 83.8ARMM4 193 88 102 4 45.4Caraga 216 190 24 1 88.1Note:

- less than 0.1 percent.1 c.omposed of Bukidnon, Camiguin, Misamis Occidental, Misamis Oriental, and Lanao del Norte.2 Composed of Davao, Davao del SUf, and Davao Oriental.3 Composed of North Catabato, South Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, Sarangani, and Catabato City ..• Composed of Lanao del SUf, Maguindanao, Sulu, Tawi-tawi, and Marawi City.

Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS).

, .

Table 5Percent distribution of surviving children 0 to 59 months of age by number of tetanus toxoidinjections given to the mother during pregnancy by residence, Philippines: 2002

Total' Protected2 Not orotectednumber Number of doses Number of doses

ofBackground c~ildren Threecharacteristics 'oom Total Two' and over Total Zero One Two.

Total 9,094 62.3 7.6 54.6 37.7 16.0 10.8 10.9

Region

Metro Manila 958 55.3 6.3 49.0 44.7 16.3 14.8 13.6CAR 171 68.7 10.2 58.5 31.3 14.5 9.1 7.61I0cos Region 468 56.3 3.9 52.4 43.7 17.0 10.7 16.0Cagayan Valley 364 67.0 9.7 57.3 33.0 15.8 8.3 8.9Central Luzon 865 49.3 7.4 41.9 50.7. 24.8 12.5 13.5Southern Tagalog 1,251 58.7 9.7 49.1 41.3 18.1 13.4 9.8Bicol Region 673 63.2 6.2 57.1 36.8 15.2 12.5 9.1Western Visayas 771 68.5 7.6 60.9 31.5 13.0 8.4 10.2Central Visayas 670 61.5 9.8 51.6 38.5 12.8 10.8 14.9Eastern Visayas 540 60.1 7.2 52.9 39.9 14.1 11.8 13.9Western Mindanao 418 69.0 6.5 62.5 31.0 17.5 6.1 7.5Northern Mindanao' 452 74.3 8.8 65.5 25.7 10.4 7.0 8.2Southern Mindana06 492 79.0 7.7 71.2 21.0 6.7 6.9 7.4Central Mindanao? 457 77.1 8.3 68.8 22.9 7.7 8.8 6.4ARMM8

263 30.4 4.6 25.9 69.6 49.0 11.0 9.6Caraga 282 74.6 5.4 69.2 25.4 6.8 8.0 10.6

Notes:1 Numbers may not add to totals due to rounding.2 The following doses of TTY should be received by the mother in order for a reference child to be considered protected

against neonatal tetanus:'* at least two doses of TTY during pregnancy with reference child;•. one dose during pregnancy with reference child plus at least two doses prior to pregnancy with reference child; or* at least three doses prior to pregnancy with reference child.

3 Refers to 2 TTV received during pregnancy with reference child.-4 Refers to 2 TTY received prior to pregnancy with reference child, or to one nv received prior to pregnancy and one

TTY received during pregnancy with reference child.5 Composed of Bukidnon, Camiguin, Misamis Occidental, Misamis Oriental, and Lanao del Norte.6 Composed of Davao, Davao del Sur, and Davao Oriental.7 Composed of North Cotabatb, South Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, Sarangani, and Cotabato City.8 Composed of Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, Sulu, Tawi-tawi, and Marawi City.

Table excludes children whose mothers could not remember whether they received a tetanus toxoid injection or not andthose whose mothers could not recall how many tetanus toxoid injections they have received.

Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS).

Table 6Percent distribution of children 0 to 59 months of age by type of birth attendant duringdelivery according to background characteristics, Philippines: 2002

Totalnumber of

Background childrencharacteristics ('000) Doctor Nurse Midwife Hilot Others

Total 9,621 33.2 1.0 26.2 38.5 0.8

Region

Metro Manila 1,034 67.8 1.2 26.6 4.3 0.1

CAR 191 45.6 3.7 19.6 18.1 12.11I0cos Region 485 33.5 45.5 20.3 0.6

Cagayan Valley 376 23.4 0.8 30.4 44.5 0.9Central Luzon 913 42.6 1.5 42.2 13.5 0.2Southern Tagalog 1,363 35.2 0.8 31.4 32.2 0.3Bicol Region 693 16.5 0.7 21.3 60.7 0.8Western Visayas 790 33.5 0.6 18.6 46.6 0.6Central Visayas 707 29.0 1.7 28.1 38.3 2.1Eastern Visayas 555 23.9 1.0 14.7 59.9 0.1Western Mindanao 452 21.1 1.8 18.7 56.8 1.7Northern Mindanao 1 486 24.6 0.3 25.3 48.8 0.7Southern Mindana02 508 29.7 ~~8_ 17.5 51.2 0.9Central Mindanao' 489 22.5 0.7 22.0 54.6 0.2ARMM4 284 9.9 0.9 11.3 76.9 0.4Caraga 294 20.8 1.1 17.8 57.3 0.5

Notes:- less than 0.1 percent.1 Composed of Bukidnon, Camiguin, Misamis Occidental, Misamis Oriental, and Lanao del Norte.2 Composed of Davao, Davao del Sur, and Davao Oriental.3 Composed of North Catabalo, South Cotabato, Sultan Kud,;uat, Sarangani, and Catabalo City .• Composed of Lanso del Sur, Maguindanao, Sulu, Tawi-tawi, and Marawi City.If the respondent menfioned more than one birth attendant, only the most qualified is tabulated.

Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS) .

••

Table 6aPercent distribution of children 0 to 59 months of age by type of birth attendant duringdelivery according to background characteristics, Philippines: 2002

Totalnumber of

Background childrencharacteristics ('000) Doctor Nurse Midwife Hilot Others

Total 9,621 33.2 16.3 34.7 43.6 3.6

Region. -. < Metro Manila 1,034 67.8 32.3 45.6 5;8 5.8

CAR 191 45.6 34.5 30.6 24.9 181I0cos Region 485 33.5 21.7 57.0 32.8 1.3Cagayan Valley 376 23.4 15.7 37.7 51.9 2.9Central Luzon 913 42.6 18.0 48.0 14.8 0.8,Southern Tagalog 1,363 35.2 15.7 36.8 35.7 5.0Bicol Region 693 16.5 4.7 24.7 63.9 1.4Western Visayas 790 33.5 20.3 29.7 50.3 4.4Central Visayas 707 29.0 15.9 34.4 45.3 3.1Eastern Visayas 555 23.9 8.2 18.1 64.9 1.0Western Mindanao 452 21.1 14.2 29.7 68.2 8.4Northern Mindanao' 486 24.6 12.4 34.7 56.5 2.6Southern Mindana02 508 29.7 12.3 27.8 54.3 2.6 .

Central Mindanao' 489 22.5 11.5 29.6 62.0 1.4ARMM4 284 9.9 3.6 13.8 83.5 1.3Caraga 294 20.8 8.5 26.3 63.9 3.4

Notes:- less than 0.1 percent.1 Composed of Bukidnon, Camiguin, Misamis Occidental, Misamis Oriental, and Lanao del Norte.2 Composed of Davao, Davao del SUfi and Davao Oriental.3 Composediof North Cotabato, South Catabato, Sultan Kudarat,"Sarangani, and Catabalo City..• composed!of Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, suru, Tawi-tawi, and Marawi City.Respondent can specify more than one type of birth attendant. Percentage~do "pt add up to 100.

Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS).

; ...

Table 7Percentage of children 12 to 23 months who are fully immunized according to thevaccination card or the mother's report, Philippines: 2002

2002 MCHS

Background characteristics

Total

Region

Metro Manila

CAR

1I0cos Region

Cagayan Valley

Central Luzon

Southern Tagalog

Bicol Region

Western Visayas

Central Visayas

Eastern Visayas

Western Mindanao

Northern Mindanao 1

Southern Mindana02

Central Mindana03

ARMM4

Caraga

Number of children('000\

1,883

19037

103

641792651521491341179010597934662

Percent fullyimmunized

62.9

72.456.852.663.262.666.7

57.3

76.3

70.946.861.271.358.155.916.575.2

Notes:1 Composed of Bukidnon, Camiguin, Misamis Occidental, Misamis Oriental, and Lanao del Norte.2 Composed of Davao, Davao del Sur, and Davao Oriental.3 Composed of North Cotabato, South Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, Sarangani, and Cotabato City.4 Composed of Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, Sulu, Tawi-tawi, and Marawi City.

Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Health Survey (MCHS).

TableSPercent of children 6 to 59 months of age who received vitamin A or irondrops/syrup during the six months preceding the survey by selectedbackground characteristics, Philippines: 2002

Percent of children who receivedNumber of Vitamin A

Background characteristics children ('000) capsule Iron drops/sYrup

Total 8,669 86.2 72.9

RegionMetro Manila 930 88.5 84.7CAR 175 87.1 76.61I0cos Region 424 82.6 85.1Cagayan Valley 337 83.6 73.7Central Luzon 849 91.1 77.1Southern Tagalog 1,231 87.1 69.4Bicol Region 642 81.0 62.8Western Visayas 703 93.2 81.1Central Visayas 624 87.9 76.6Eastern Visayas 489 85.2 60.8Western Mindanao 406 82.1 56.8Northern Mindanao 441 90.6 69.9Southern Mindanao 441 83.1 73.2Central Mindanao 448 92.3 76.7ARMM 270 46.9 40.6Caraga 261 91.3 83.5

Notes:1 Composed of Bukidnon, Camiguin, Misamis Occidental, Misamis Oriental, and

lanao del Norte.2 Composed of Davao, Davao del Sur, and Davao Oriental.3 Composed of North Cotabato, South Catabato, Sultan Kudarat, Sarangani, and

Cotabato City.4 Composed of Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, Sulu, Tawi-tawi, and Marawi City.

Source: Phllippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS).

APPENDIXGRESULTS BASED ON WOMEN WITH CHILDREN UNDER 3 AND

ON CHILDREN UNDER 3

Table 1Response rates by region for April 2002 labor force survey (LFS) and maternal and child healthsurvey (MCHS), Philippines: 2002

Number of households MCHS samole women

Interviewed Selected WomenLFS for Response for Women inter- Response

Region sample LFS rate MCHS sampled viewed rate (%)

Philippines 26,964 24,301 90.1 5,890 6,016 5,945 98.8

Metro Manila 2,880 2,540 88.2 654 676 668 98.8CAR 1,200 1,085 90.4 268 278 264 95.01I0cos Region 1,344 1,235 91.9 280 290 280 96.6Cagayan Valley 1,200 1,088 90.7 208 210 209 99.5Central Luzon 2,544 2,351 92.4 530 542 540 99.6Southern Tagalog 3,300 3,037 92.0 762 777 767 98.7Bicol Region 1,488 1,337 89.9 368 375 371 98.9Western Visayas 2,016 1,780 88.3 379 388 379 97.7Central Visayas 1,824 1,633 89.5 410 422 419 99.3Eastern Visayas 1,488 1,300 87.4 335 337 333 98.8Western Mindanao 1,200 1,099 91.6 277 277 276 99.6Northern Mindanao 1,200 1,091 90.9 280 287 287 100.0Southern Mindanao 1,680 1,494 88.9 355 367 364 99.2Central Mindanao 1,200 1,075 89.6 248 250 248 99.2ARMM 1,200 1,055 87.9 261 263 263 100.0Caraga 1,200 1,101 91.8 275 277 277 100.0

Sources: Philippines National Statistics Office, April 2002 Labor Force Survey (LFS).

Philippines Nalional Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS).

Table 2Number and percent of women in reproductive age (15 to 49 years old) who at thetime of the survey were mothers of surviving children 0 to 35 months of age by agegroup, Philippines: 2002

Women of reproductive age with surviving childrenWomen of o to 35 months of ace

reproductive age Unweighted I Weighted WeightedAge Group ('000) number number ('QOO) oercent

Total 20,528 5,945 4,799 100.0

15 -19 4,379 218 169 3.520 -24 3,298 1,078 868 18.125-29 2,659 1,476 1,179 24.630 - 34 2,696 1,393 1,131 23.635 - 39 2,792 1,113 913 19.040 -44 2,476 553 444 9.345 -49 2,228 114 96 2.0

Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS).

Table 3Percent distribution of women with surviving children 0 to 35 months byresidence and region, Philippines: 2002

Back round Characteristics Percent

Total 4,799 100.0

ResidenceUrban 2,253 46.9Rural 2,547 53.1

RegionMetro Manila 521 10.9CAR 98 2.11I0cosRegion 246 5.1Cagayan Valley 203 4.2Central Luzon 454 9.5Southern Tagalog 698 14.5Bicol Region 330 6.9Western Visayas 382 8.0Central Visayas 359 7.5Eastern Visayas 276 5.8Western Mindanao 227 4.7Northern Mindanao 184 3.8Southern Mindanao 373 7.8Central Minaanao 184 3.8ARMM 113 2.3Caraga 151 3.1

Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey(MCHS).

Table 4Number and percent of surviving children 0 to 35 months of age by age group,Philippines: 2002

Age group

Number of surviving children 0 to35 months of age

UnweiQhted I WeiQhted ('000)

Percent of survivingchildren 0 to 35months of aQeWeighted

Total 6,922 5,609 100.0

0- 11 months12 - 23 months24 - 35 months

2,2782,2562,388

1,8691,8321,908

33.332.734.0

Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS).

Table 5Percent distribution of women with surviving children 0 to 35 months of age by numberof prenatal care visits and residence, Philippines: 2002

Percent of womenNumber of prenatal

care visits Total Total Rural

Total 4,799 2,253 2,547 100.0 100.0 100.0

One visit 168 67 101 3.5 3.0 4.0Two visits 394 144 250 8.2 6.4 9.8Three visits 639 233 406 13.3 10.3 16.0Four visits 512 211 301 10.7 9.4 11.8Five visits 510 222 288 10.6 9.8 11.3Six visits 4,996 226 273 10.4 10.1 10.7Seven visits 326 . 149 177 6.8 6.6 6.9Eight visits 265 155 111 5.5 6.9 4.3Nine visits 640 390 250 13.3 17.3 9.8Ten to Fifty visits 467 323 144 9.7 14.3 5.7Dont' Know 88 30 58 1.8 1.3 2.3

Note: Total may not add up due to rounding.Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS).

Table 6Distribution of women with surviving children 0 to 35 months of age by number of prenatalcare visits and s~lected background characteristics, Philippines: 2002

Number Percent with number of visitsof

women 4 or NotBackground characteristics ('000) 0 1 2 3 more reported

Total 4,799 6.1 3.5 8.2 13.3 67.1 1.8

ResidenceUrban 2,253 4.5 3.0 6.4 10.3 74.4 1.3Rural 2,547 7.4 4.0 9.8 16.0 60.6 2.3

Age Group15-19 169 11.9 2.1 5.4 9.2 69.2 2.220-24 868 6.2 3.8 7.8 13.0 68.7 0.525-29 1,179 6.2 2.8 7.2 12.8 68.7 2.430-34 1,131 4.6 3.3 9.2 13.9 66.5 2.635-39 913 4.9 4.5 8.4 13.1 67.7 1.540-44 444 9.2 3.5 9.6 16.0 60.4 1.345-49 96 6.6 4.7 9.0 14.1 61.3 4.3

RegionMetro Manila 521 3.2 2.6 4.5 5.7 83.3 0.8CAR 98 10.7 6.1 10.7 14.4 54.9 3.31I0cos Region 246 11.0 4.7 11.8 18.2 54.2Cagayan Valley 203 8.2 4.9 12.5 12.2 60.7 1.6Central Luzon 454 5.9 4.4 7.5 9.1 71.7 1.4Southern Tagalog 698 4.7 3.2 8.6 13.2 66.9 3.4Bicol Region ! 330 7.0 6.0 12.4 17.8 56.9Western Visayas 382 5.2 1.6 6,4 13.5 72.4 0.9Central Visayas 359 4.9 2.2 3.9 17.0 70.5 1.5Eastern Visayas 276 8.1 5.5 10.3 16.0 55.6 4.5Western Mindanao 227 7.1 3.1 3.9 10.8 72.8 2.3Northern Mindanao 184 6.7 1.5 5.5 10.5 74.8 1.0Southern Mindanao 373 3.4 3.0 12.4 17.8 61.9 1.4Central Mindanao 184 7.1 3.1 7.7 15.3 60.4 6.5ARMM 113 13.6 2.8 12.0 17.0 54.3 0.3Caraga 151 4.9 3.5 7.3 13.2 69.8 1.3

Econom ic StatusPoor 1,996 17.0 4.4 10.7 16.1 49.6 2.2Non-Poor 3,094 7.8 2.6 ..' -5.8 10.3 72.1 1.4

Note: - less than 0.1 percent.Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS).

I

Table 7Distribution of women with surviving children 0 to 35 months of age whoreceived prenatal care by type of prenatal care provider and residence,Philippines: 2002

Prenatal care status and type of provider 1 Total Rural

All women ('000) 4,799 2,253 2,547Percent who received prenatal care 93.9 95.5 92.6Women who received prenatal care ('000) 4,509 2,150 2,358

Percentage who received care from:Doctor 45.1 59.8 31.6Nurse/midwife 50.3 37.1 62.2Traditional birth allendant/hilot 4.5 2.8 6.0Others 0.1 0.2 0.1

Note:'If the respondent mentioned more than one provider, only the most qualified provider is

considered.Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS).

Table 7aDistribution of women with surviving children 0 to 35 months of age whoreceived prenatal care during pregnancy with the youngest surviving child bytype of prenatal care provider and residence (based on multiple response toquestion on type of prenatal care provider), Philippines: 2002

Prenatal care status and type of provider Rural

All women ('000) 4,799 2,253 2,547Percent who received prenatal care 93.9 95.5 92.6Women who received prenatal care ('000) 4,509 2,150 2,358

Percentage who received care from:Doctor 45.1 59.8 31.6Nurse 7.6 10.4 5.0Midwife 63.9 52.0 74.8Traditional birth allendant/hilot 29.8 18.4 40.3Others 0.5 0.8 0.3

Note: Respondents can specify more than one type of prenatal care providers. Percentagesdo not add up to 100.

Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS)."

Table 8Number and percent of women with surviving children 0 to 35 months of age by whetheror not iron supplements were received during pregnancy with the youngest surviving childand residence, Philippines: 2002

PercentMedicine/vaccine Yes

Total 4,799 3,934 830 36 82.0

Urban 2,253 1,912 323 17 84.9Rural 2,547 2,021 507 19 79.4

RegionMetro Manila 521 462 55 4 88.6CAR 98 76 21 1 76.81I0cos Region 246 195 49 2 79.2Cagayan Valley 203 164 37 2 80.9Central Luzon 454 384 67 3 84.6Southern Tagalog 698 568 119 11 81.4Bicol Region 330 230 98 2 69.8Western Visayas 382 340 42 '0 89.0Central Visayas 359 316 43 88.1Eastern Visayas 276 217 58 0 78.7Western Mindanao 227 176 49 1 77.6Northern Mindanao 184 164 18 2 89.2Southern Mindanao 373 307 63 2 82.4Central Mindanao 184 145 39 1 78.6ARMM 113 55 56 1 48.8Caraga 151 134 16 1 88.8

Econom Ic StatusPoor 1,826 1,366 441 20 74.8Non-Poor 2,973 2,568 389 16 86.4

Note: - less than 0.1 percent.Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Matemal and Child Health Survey (MCHS).

Table 9Distribution of children 0 to 35 months of age by whether or not they are protected against neonataltetanus as a result of mothe(s tetanus toxoid vaccination (TTY) and selected background characteristics,Philippines: 2002

Total' Protected2 Not Protectednumber

Number of doses Number of dosesofBackground children Threecharacteristics ('000) Total Tw03 and over Total Zero One Two'

Total 5,339 3,373 7.7 55.4 1,966 15.6 10.9 10.3ResidenceUrban 2,488 1,491 8.4 51.6 998 16.2 12.7 11.3

Rural 2,851 1,883 7.1 58.9 968 15.0 9.4 9.5Age Group0-11 1,791 1,120 9.4 53.1 671 16.9 11.3 9.312 -23 1,739 1,126 7.2 57.6 613 14.2 10.0 11.124 -35 1,809 1,128 6.6 55.7 682 15.6 11.5 10.6RegionMetro Manila 591 335 6.5 50.2 255 17.7 14.3 11.3CAR 100 65 7.6 57.7 35 16.2 10.6 7.91I0cosRegion 272 149 3.7 51.2 123 17.8 11.0 16.3Cagayan Valley 216 145 10.4 56.6 71 14.9 8.0 10.1Central Luzon 517 255 7.9 41.4 263 24.0 13.3 13.5Southern Tagalog 744 432 8.4 49.5 313 17.8 14.4 9.7Bicol Region 396 257 5.7 59.1 139 13.6 12.6 8.9Western Visayas 445 319 8.6 63.3 126 12.0 7.4 8.9Central Visayas 392 244 9.5 52.7 148 12.5 10.8 14.4Eastern Visayas 319 197 8.7 53.1 122 14.8 10.7 12.7Western Mindanao 246 168 7.7 60.6 78 17.4 8.0 6.3Northern Mindanao 200 151 8.6 66.9 49 6.5 7.9 .10.1Southern Mindanao 411 335 10.0 71.5 76 4.7 7.4 6.5Central Mindanao 208 157 6.7 69.1 50 12.0 6.5 5.6ARMM 120 42 3.6 31.4 78 47.4 10.0 7.5Caraga 163 122 5.3 69.5 41 8.3 9.4 7.6Economic StatusPoor 2,054 1,333 5.7 59.3 720 17.7 8.6 8.8Non-Poor 3,286 2,040 9,0 53.1 1,246 14.3 12.4 11.2

Notes:1 Numbers may not add to totals due to rounding.2 The following doses of nv should be received bythe mother in order for a reference child to be considered

protected against neonatal tetanus:

.• at least two doses of TrY during pregnancy with reference child;

.• one dose during pregnancy with reference child plus at feast two doses prior to pregnancy with reference child; or

.• at least three doses prior to pregnancy with reference child.

3 Refers td 2 rrv received during pregnancy with reference child.-4 ReferS to 2 TrY received prior to pregnancy with reference child, or to one nv received prior to pregnancy and oneTN recei~edduring pregnancy with reference child.

Table excludes children whose mothers could not remember whether they received a tetanus toxoid injection or notand those whose mothers could not recall how many tetanus toxoid injections they have received.Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Matemal and Child Health Survey (MCHS).

Table 10Percent distribution of surviving children 0 to 35 months of age bynumber of tetanus toxoid injections given to the mother duringpregnancy by residence, Philippines: 2002

TTV doses receivedduring pregnancy Total Urban Rural

Total ('000) 1 5,556 2,592 2,965

(None) 29.1 29.2 28.9One 37.6 38.2 37.1.Two dr more 31.7 30.9 325Don't Know 1.6 1.7 f5

Notes:1 Excludes women who were not sure if they had received TTV or not.Percentages may not add up to 100.0 due to rounding. ,

Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Matemal and Child Health Survey(MCHS).

Th~ll !Percent distribution of children 0 to 35 months of age by type of birth attendant duringdelivery according to background characteristics, Philippines: 2002

TotalBackground number of

characteristics children Doctor Nurse Midwife -Hilot Others

Total 5,609 34.3 1.2 26.2 37.1 0.9

ResidenceUrban 2,629 49.4 1.4 29.3 19.3 0.3Rural 2,980 21.0 1.0 23.4 52.8 1.4

RegionMetro Manila 625 69.4 1.3 25.2 4.0 0.2CAR 111 48.5 4.4 16.7 19.2 9.91I0cos Region 284 33.1 45.0 21.1 0.7

Cagayan Valley 219 24.5 1.0 30.8 43.1 0.5Central Luzon 536 41.9 2.4 43.1 12.4 0.1Southern Tagalog 806 37.1 0.5 31.9 29.9 0.4Bicol Region 406 18.1 0.7 20.0 60.5 0.7Western Visayas 455 34.1 0.8 17.9 46.5 0.7Central Visayas 415 26.2 1.8 28.9 39.6 2.4Eastern Visayas 327 27.3 1.6 14.5 56.0 0.2Western Mindanao 262 21.4 2.4 19.7 54.3 2.3Northern Mindanao 216 23.5 0.6 24.8 49.1 1.5Southern Mindanao 430 29.1 0.6 20.4 49.3 0.6Central Mindanao 221 27.2 1.1 20.8 50.3 0.5ARMM 128 9.8 0.5 11.1 78.2Caraga 170 20.8 0.9 16.3 58.1 0.6

Prenatal visits duringpregnancy

None 12.3 0.7 18.2 65.2 3.3 12.31-3 Visits 19.1 1.1 26.1 52.5 0.9 19.14+ visits 42.3 1.3 27.1 28.4 0.6 42.3Don't Know 28.1 23.6 47.2 1.1 28.1

Economic StatusPoor 14.0 1.0 21.4 61.6 1.6 14.0Non-poor 47.0 1.3 29.2 21.8 0.4 47.0

Notes:- less than 0.1 percentIf the respondent mentioned. more than one birth attendant, only the most qualified is tabulate~.

Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS).

TablellaPercent distribution of children 0 to 35 months of age by type of birth attendant duringdelivery according to background characteristics, Philippines: 2002

TotalBackground number ofcharacteristics children Doctor Nurse Midwife Hiiot Others

Total 5,609 34.3 16.9 34.7 42.2 3.7

ResidenceUrban 2,629 49.4 23.8 41.8 23.0 3.6Rural 2,980 21.0 10.8 28.5 59.1 3.8

RegionMetro Manila 625 69.4 33.5 45.0 5.5 5.7CAR 111 48.5 35.3 28.4 25.8 16.11I0cos Region 284 33.1 20.7 55.1 33.8 1.5Cagayan Valley 219 24.5 15.2 38.8 50.2 2.3Central Luzon 536 41.9 19.9 49.3 13.8 0.5Southern Tagalog 806 37.1 15.4 36.1 33.0 5.7Bicol Region 406 18.1 5.2 24.1 63.1 1.3Western Visayas 455 34.1 20.7 29.3 50.1 4.8Central Visayas 415 26.2 15.0 35.1 46.5 3.7Eastern Visayas 327 27.3 9.5 19.2 61.7 1.2Western Mindanao 262 21.4 15.0 29.0 67.6 8.6Northern Mindanao 216 23.5 8.8 30.8 56.9 2.9Southern Mindanao 430 29.1 12.1 29.5 53.9 2.1Central Mindanao 221 27.2 17.3 32.2 57.9 2.6ARMM 128 9.8 2.9 14.3 84.9 0.9Caraga 170 20.8 9.4 23.5 64.2 3.5

Prenatal visits duringpregnancyNone 350 12.3 5.7 20.6 68.0 6.71-3 Visits 1,415 19.1 9.5 30.9 57.3 3.74+ visits 3,737 42.3 21.0 37.7 33.7 3.4Don't Know 107 28.1 8.2 27.5 51.5 7.1

Economic StatusPoor 2,161 14.0 7.5 25.4 67.2 4.0Non-poor 3,449 47.0 22.8 40.6 26.5 3.5

Notes:- "less than 0.1 percent.Respondents can specify more than one type of birth attendant. Percentages do not add up to 100.

Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS).

Table 12Number and percent of women with surviving children 0 to 35 months of age whoreceived postnatal care after delivery of the youngest surviving child by type of servicereceived and residence, Philippines: 2002

Number of women ('000) Percent of women

Type of service received Total I Urban I Rural Total T Urban I Rural

Total 2,706 1,422 1,285 100.0 100.0 100.0

Check-up of baby 2,100 1,164 936 77.6 81.9 72.9Baby care advice 1,681 955 726 62.1 67.2 56.5Breastfeeding advice 1,469 840 629 54.3 59.1 48.9Abdominal exam 1,508 822 686 55.7 57.8 53.4Breast exam 965 575 390 35.6 40.4 30.4Internal exam 943 625 318 34.8 44.0 24.7Family planning advice 1,070 645 425 39.5 45.4 33.1Others 174 73 101 6.4 5.1 7.9

Note: Respondents can specify more than one type of postnatal care services. Percentages do not addup to 100.

Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Matemal and Child Health Survey (MCHS).

Table 13Percentage of fully immunized children 12 to 23 months of age by residence,Philippines: 1997 to 2002

Survey Total Urban Rural

1997 Maternal and child Health Survey (MCHS) 58.2 65.2 52.1

1999 Maternal and Child health Survey (MCHS) 64.5 66.6 62.5

2000 Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS 65.2 68.0 62.7

2001 Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS) 61.3 66.9 56.5

2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey 62.9 66.7 59.7

Source .. Philippines NaUonal StatisUcs Office, 1997, 1999,2000,2001 and 2002 Materria\and Child HealthSurveys (MCHS).

'.~

Table 14Confidence intervals for estimates of fully immunized children in2001 MCHS and 2002 MCHS

95% Confidence intervalSurvey Estimate Lower bound U erbound

2001 MCHSTotal 61.3 58.9 63.7Urban 66.9 64.2 69.6Rural 56.5 52.7 60.2

2002 MCHSTotal 62.9 60.4 65.3Urban 66.7 63.8 69.6Rural 59.7 55.9 63.4

Sources: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2000, 2001 and 2002 Maternal and HealthSurveys(MCHS).

Table 15Percentage of children 12 to 23 months who are fully immunized accordingto the vaccination card or the mother's report, Philippines: 2001 to 2002

2001 MCHS 2002 MCHSNumber Percent Number Percent

of children fully immu- of children fully immu-Backg'round characteristics ('OOOl nized (,000l nized

Total 1,937 61.3 1,152 62.9

ResidenceUrban 891 66.9 559 66.7Rural 1,046 56.5 593 59.7

RegionMetro Manila 212 74.0 137 72.4CAR, 32 69.1 21 57.2lIoeos Region 89 57.2 50 52.3Cagayan Valley 87 61.4 40 62.8Central Luzon 194 59.9 110 62.8Southern Tagalog 263 59.9 174 66.9Bicol Region 139 60.3 86 57.1Western Visayas 144 67.0 108 76.5Central Visayas 139 61.7 93 70.9Eastern Visayas 114 65.1 54 46.8Western Mindanao 97 46.1 55 61.2Northe'rn Mindanao 83 64.3 55 76.3Southern Mindanao 158 63.7 74 56.1Central Mindanao 83 53.2 44 55.3ARMM' 47 21.3 7 17.3Caraga 56 65.5 44 75.2

Economic StatusPoor • 382 54.3Non-Poor • 770 68.2

Sources: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2001 and 2002 Maternal and Health Surveys (MCHS).

Table 16Distribution of children who have received specified vaccines and number and percentage offully immunized children by age of child and residence, Philippines: 2002

Age of child!vaccine received

12-23 months

BCGDPT1DPT2DPT3Polio 1Polio 2Polio 3Polio 4 or moreMeasles 1Hepatitis B l'Hepatitis B 2'Hepatitis B 3'Child has card3

Fully immunized child (FIC)'

24-35 months

BCGDPT 1DPT2DPT3Polio 1Polio 2Polio 3Polio 4 or moreMeasles 1Hepatitis B l'Hepatitis B 2''Hepatitis B 3'Child has card3

Fully immunized child {FICt

Numberof children whoreceived vaccine ('ODD)

Total I Urban I Rural

1,732' 811 920

1,687 795 8921,678 794 8841,607 762 8451,476 703 7741,705 802 9031,620 770 8501,430 691 739133 67 66

1,470 697 7731,133 568 565863 451 412645 350 295

1,669 790 8801,152 559 593

. 1,794 890 903

1,768 884 8841,746 874 8711,667 846 8201,541 780 7601,755 872 8831,659 831 8291,477 741 736146 68 78

1,603 809 7941,032 539 493722 395 326502 273 229

1,719 867 8521,256 646 610

Percent of children whoreceived vaccine

Total I Urban I Rural

94.5 96.8 92.6

92.1 94.8 89.791.6 94.7 88.987.7 90.9 85.080.6 83.8 77.893.1 95.7 90.988.4 91.9 85.578.1 82.4 74.47.3 8.0 6.780.2 83.2 77.761.9 67.8 56.947.1 53.7 41.535.2 41.8 29.791.1 94.2 88.562.9 66.7 59.7

94.0 96.4 91.8

92.6 95.6 89.891.5 94.6 88.587.3 91.6 83.380.7 84.5 77.392.0 94.4 89.787.0 89.9 84.277.4 80.2 74.87.7 7.3 8.084.0 .87.5 80.754.1 58.3 50.137.8 42.8 33.226.3 29.5 23.390.1 93.9 86.665.8 69.9 62.0

Notes:

1 Totals for each age group include cases with no report on whether the child received any vaccine ornot. Therefore, for each group, the total does not equal the sum of children vaccinated and thoseunvaccinated.

2 Record of Hepatitis B vaccination Is available from the mother's report only.3 A child is considered to have a ~ardjf the mother reported that the child has a card, regardless of

whether the card was seen by the interviewer or not.• The fully immunized child must have completed BeG, DPT1, DPT2, DPTJ, OPV1, OPV2, OPVJ

and measles vaccines before the child Is 12 months of age.A child can receive more than one type of vaccine. Hence, numbers and percentages will not sum to totals.Information is taken from the vaccination card, and, where available from both mother's report andvaccination card.Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS).

Table 17Number and percent of women by number of months breastfeeding theyoungest child and median months of breastfeeding, Philippines: 2002

Number of monthsbreastfeedin Total Urban Rural

Total ('000) 4,799 2,253 2,547

Ever breastfed ('000) 4,304 1,941 2,362(percent) 89.7 86.2 92.8.

Less than 1 month 4.2 5.0 3.61 to 3 months 19.9 25.6 14.94 to 6 months 13.3 13.4 13.27 to 9 months 9.8 8.7 10.810 to 12 months 13.2 11.7 14.613 to 15 months 8.1 5.3 10.616 to 18 months 8.2 6.3 9.8. 19 to 24 months 9.3 7.1 11.425 months and over 3.5 3.1 4.0

Never breastfed ('000) 496 311 184(percent) 10.3 13.8 7.2

Median months 8.2 5.8 10.4

Source ..Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey (MCHS).

Table 18Distribution of women who never breastfed by primary reasonbreastfeeding was never initiated and residence, Philippines: 2002

Percent 01women who never breastfedPrimary reason fornever initiating. breastfeeding

Insufficient milk,Nipple/breast problem.Mother workingMother ill/weakChild refusedChild ill/weakOthers

Total

33.3,20.2

""16.09.210.73.07.6

Urban

38.717.416.19.010.43.05.3

Rural

24.224.915.79.511.43.111.4

Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey(MCHS).

Urban Rural

4,304 1,941 2,362

50.3 42.9 52.349.7 57.1 43.7

2,141 1,109 1,032

1'otal wpmen ever breastfed ('000)

Total women not currentlybreastfeeding ('000)

Currently breastfeeding (percent)Not currently breastfeeding (percent)

Table 19Women who ever breastfed and women who are not currently breastfeedingyoungest child by primary reason for stopping breastfeeding and residence,Philippines: 2002

Breastfeeding status and primaryreason for stop ing breastfeedin

Percent not breastfeeding by reason:Insufficient milkWeaning ageMother workingChild refusedNipple/breast problemBecame pregnantMother iIIlweakStarted using contraceptionChild ililweakOthersNot reported

4.82.56.2

27.916.512.217.74.73.43.80.3

5.02.33.316.410.86.55.32.11.61.90.2

4.72.62.911.65.75.612.52.61.71.90.1

Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child Heafth Survey (MCHS).

Table 20Percent of children 6 to 35 months of age who received vitamin A or irondrops/syrup during the six months preceding the survey by selected backgroundcharacteristics, Philippines: 2002

Percent of children who received

Background Number ofcharacteristics children ('000) Vitamin A caesuie Iron drops/syrup

Total 4,685 85.2 72.1

6 -11 months 945 797 68.912 - 23 months 1,832 87.0 73.524 - 35 months 1,908 86.1 72.2

ResidenceUrban 945 79.7 68.9Rural 1,832 87.0 73.5

RegionMetro Manila 522 87.4 83.0CAR 95 85.5 77.2lIacos Region 227 82.0 82.8Cagayan Valley 180 82.8 71.5Central Luzon 472 89.1 77.9Southern Tagalog 676 87.3 70.6Bical Region 355 76.8 57.7Western Visayas 372 92.7 78.9Central Visayas 334 85.8 77.3Eastern Visayas 261 83.5 60.0Western Mindanao 217 82.2 56.2Northern Mindanao 177 93.1 76.2Southern Mindanao 355 85.2 72.3Central Mindanao 191 86.6 62.9ARMM 114 44.5 42.0Caraga 138 89.7 82.8

Source: Philippines National Statistics Office, 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey(MCHS).

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