Ancient EgyptChapter 3

UNIFICATION OF EGYPT

Stokstad, p. ?

3-2 Palette of King Narmer

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Gardner’s 12th ed., p. 58

www.music.eku.edu/.../examples/narmer.html www.thepharaohs.net/pharaohs/Menes.cfm http://mil.ccc.cccd.edu/classes/art100/module3.htm

Hierarchy of Scale

CompositeView (or TwistedPerspective)

OLD KINGDOM

3-8 Great pyramids of Gizeh, Egypt (Menkaura, Khafre, Khufu),

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faculty.evansville.edu/.../sum04/art105-12.html

3-13 Menkaure and his Queen Khamerernebty (?), sculpture

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Left leg longer

Canon of proportions

3-14 Seated Scribe

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NEW KINGDOM

Khan Academy Mummification Process Video (3 min.)

https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ancient-art-civilizations/egypt-art/ptolemaic/v/the-mummification-process

http://mil.ccc.cccd.edu/classes/art100/module4.htmwww.sandrashaw.com/AH1L24.htm

3-21 Mortuary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut Flashcard

Colonnades

Chamfered pillars

faculty.evansville.edu/.../sum04/art105-12.html

3-27 Model of hypostyle hall, temple of Amen-Re

3-26 Hypostyle hall,temple of Amen-Re

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www.arttreasuresofegypt.com/ArchitectureExamp...

CLERESTORY

AKHENATONAND THE

AMARNA PERIOD

Amenhotep IV was surely the most unusual ruler in the history of ancient Egypt. Duringhis 17 year reign, he radically transformedthe political, spiritual, and cultural life of thecountry. He founded a new religion honoringa single supreme god, the life-giving sun deity Aten (sun’s disk), and he changed hisown name to Akhenaten meaning “one whois effective on behalf of the Aten”.

Akhenaten abandoned Thebes, and created a new capital for Egypt calling it Akhetaten (“horizon of the Aten”), modern name Tell el- Amarna.

How did Akhenaten change royal artistic conventions? – Think about the sunken relief Akhenaten and His Family

3-31 THUTMOSE, Queen Nefertiti sculpture

The name Nefertiti means “the beautiful one has come”. Remember, Nefertiti is Akhenaton’s influential wife.

Artist: ThutmoseThis sculpture was found in 1912, along with drawings and other items related to commissions for the royal family (patron).

Function: It may have served as a model for full-length sculptures or paintings of the queen.

DT: The proportions of Nefertiti’s refined, regular features, long neck, and heavy-lidded eyes appear almost too ideal to be human, but are eerily consistent with standards of beauty in our own culture.

Part of the appeal of this portrait bust, aside from its stunning beauty, may be the artist’s dramatic use of color.

Khan Academy video on Bust of Nefertiti (

Class Quiz

https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ancient-art-civilizations/egypt-art

With a partner, discuss what the context of the head of Nefertiti.

Gardner’s 12th ed., p. 79

3-35 Akhenatom, Nefertiti, and three daughters

FlashcardUNDULATING LINESCURVILINEAR

Egyptian relief sculptures often employed the sunken relief technique seen here. In ordinary reliefs, the background is carved back so that the figures project out from the finished surface. In sunken relief, the original flat surface of the stone is reserved as background, and the outlines of the figures are deeply incised, permitting the development of three- dimensional forms within them.

Khan Academy Video (5 Min.)on Akhenaten and His Family

Class Quiz https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ancient-art-civilizations/egypt-art

TUTANKHAMENAND THE POST-AMARNA PERIOD

o The return to tradition with Tutankhamun, who was Akhenaton’s son by a minor wife, is the most famous figure in the Post- Amarna period.

o Akhenaton’s new religion and revolutionaryart outlived him by only a few years. The priesthood of Amun quickly regained its former power, and Tutankhaten returned to traditional religious beliefs, changing his name to Tutankhamun – “Living Image of Amun”. Andmoving the court back to Thebes.

• Tutankhamun was only about 8 or 9 years old when he came to the throne in about 1332 B.C.He ruled for a decade, and at the age of 19, he died and was buried in the Valley of the Kings,a remote canyon on the west bank of the Nile in Thebes. Why there???

• He died from a young age from poor health and serious injury. Buried with 2 special people.

• Tut was heir to an immense realm that stretchednorth almost to the Euphrates River and south to the Fourth Cataract of the Nile.

•

Unlike other royal tombs, King Tut’s tomb was found with riches, jewels, and treasures. Why was his tomb not robbed?

Tutankhamun passed away with no heir. The next kings wiped his name from the archives,perhaps because of his association with the hated king Akhenaten.

Little did they know that by erasing his existencefrom official records, they would be ensuring thathis name would live forever…

While all of the later tombs were robbed and their treasures scattered, Tutankhamun’s remained untouched, hidden safely beneath the sands.

Who discovered the tomb???

Steve Martin Video…

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wgTPH5y1-ZI

Let’s look at the souvenir book, I bought in 2002 at the King Tut

exhibit.

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3-39Book of the Dead

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faculty.cva.edu/Stout/Egyptian/Egyptian.html

Last Judgment of Hunefer

• Represents the final judgment of the deceased.

Ancient Egypt Coffin… Book of the Dead (1 min.)

https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ancient-art-civilizations/egypt-art/ptolemaic/v/ancient-egyptian-coffin