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BI 231 - Anatomy and Physiology 1 Bone List

Microscopic Anatomy osteon (Haversian system) central (Haversian) canal lamellae osteocytes lacunae canaliculi perforating (Volkmann’s) canal Gross Anatomy compact v. spongy bone diaphysis epiphysis metaphysis (epiphyseal disk/growth plate) periosteum endosteum yellow marrow red marrow articular (hyaline) cartilage Axial Skeleton Cranial Bones: frontal supraorbital foramen supraorbital margin parietal temporal squamous region petrous region zygomatic process mandibular fossa mastoid process styloid process external auditory meatus (canal) sphenoid optic foramen

greater wings lesser wings sella turcica hypophyseal fossa pterygoid process superior orbital fissure foramen rotundum foramen ovale foramen spinosum

ethmoid cribriform plate crista galli superior nasal conchae middle nasal conchae

perpendicular plate

occipital occipital condyles foramen magnum external occipital protuberance

Facial Bones: maxilla alveolar margin palatine process infraorbital foramen palatine horizontal plate vertical plate zygomatic temporal process zygomatic arch lacrimal lacrimal fossa nasal vomer inferior nasal concha mandible body alveolar margin ramus angle mandibular condyle (condylar process) coronoid process mental foramen mandibular foramen Hyoid Bone body greater cornua (horn) lesser cornua (horn) Sutures: sagittal coronal squamosal lambdoidal Paranasal Sinuses: frontal maxillary sphenoidal ethmoid Fetal Skull Fontanels: anterior (frontal) posterior (occipital) anterolateral (sphenoidal) posterolateral (mastoid)

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Vertebral Column: cervical (7) atlas axis odontoid process (dens) vertebra prominens thoracic (12) lumbar (5) sacrum (5 fused) alae sacral foramina sacral canal sacral promontory median sacral crest sacral hiatus coccyx (3-5 fused) Parts of Vertebrae: body vertebral (spinal) foramen spinous process transverse process vertebral arch superior articular process inferior articular process intervertebral foramina intervertebral disc (transverse foramina) pedicle lamina Spinal Curvatures: cervical thoracic lumbar pelvic Thoracic Cage sternum manubrium body xiphoid process ribs (12 pairs) true (vertebrosternal) (7) false (5) vertebrochondral (3) floating (vertebral) (2)

Appendicular Skeleton

Pectoral Girdle clavicle sternal end acromial end scapula body spine

borders: superior, medial, lateral angles: superior, inferior, lateral glenoid cavity (fossa) coracoid process acromion process subscapular fossa Upper Limbs humerus head anatomical vs. surgical neck greater tubercle lesser tubercle intertubercular groove shaft deltoid tuberosity medial epicondyle lateral epicondyle coronoid fossa olecranon fossa capitulum trochlea radius

head radial tuberosity styloid process ulnar notch

ulna olecranon process trochlear notch coronoid process radial notch head styloid process

carpals scaphoid lunate triquetral (triangular) pisiform trapezium trapezoid capitate hamate metacarpals (I-V) phalanges Pelvic Girdle os coxa ilium iliac fossa

arcuate line iliac crest anterior superior iliac spine anterior inferior iliac spine posterior superior iliac spine posterior inferior iliac spine greater sciatic notch acetabulum

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ischium

ischial spine lesser sciatic notch ischial tuberosity obturator foramen

pubis inferior ramus superior ramus

pubic symphysis false vs. true pelvis pelvic inlet (brim) vs. outlet Lower Limbs femur

head neck shaft geater trochanter lesser trochanter linea aspera medial epicondyle lateral epicondyle

patella medial and lateral facets tibia intercondyler eminence

medial condyle lateral condyle tibial tuberosity anterior crest medial malleolus

fibula lateral malleolus tarsals calcaneus talus navicular cuboid cuneiforms (3) medial, intermediate, lateral metatarsals (I-V) phalanges