Anat urologi

7/29/2019 Anat urologi

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ANATOMYANATOMY


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Urogenital system consists

of

- Urinary system

- Male genital system

- Female genital system


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URINARY SYSTEM consists :KidneyUreterUrinary bladderUrethra

MALE GENITAL SYSTEM consists :TestisDuctuli systemAccesorius Glands

Penis


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URINARY SYSTEMURINARY SYSTEM

The principal function : Filtration of most small molecules from

blood plasma Selective reabsorbtion Secretion of some excretory product

directly from blood Maintenance of acid-base balance


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KIDNEYIDNEYMacroscopic:

- bean shaped organ

- retroperitoneal

- hilus medial border* nerves, blood and lymph

vessel enter/exit

* ureter exit- lateral border convex


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KIDNEYIDNEYMicroscopic:

1.Cortex Renalis

- Columna Renalis

Bertini

- Medullary rays- Uriniferus tubules

2.Medulla Renalis

-Thicker twist than

cortex- Medullary Pyramids

- Collecting tubules


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Kidney Functional UnitKidney Functional UnitUriniferus Tubules Each kidney 1- 4 million UT Interstitial tissue contain : Collagen fiber,blood

and lymph vessels & nerves fiberUT consist :

- Nephron:- Renal corpuscle- Proximal convoluted tubule- Loop of Henle- Distal convoluted tubule

- Collecting tubule


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Structure Function

Renal corpuscle Glomerulus :Filtration of water and dissolved substances from

blood plasma Glomerular capsule: Receives glomerular filtrate

Descending limb of Reabsorption of water by osmosis the nephron loop

Ascending limb of Reabsorption of chloride ions by activetransport and passive reabsorption of sodium ions

the nephron loop Distal convoluted Reabsorption of water by osmosis tubule Reabsorption of sodium ions by active transport Active secretion of hydrogen ions Passive secretion of potassium ions by electrochemical attraction Papillary duct Passive reabsorption of water by osmosis; drains

urine from several nephrons


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NephronProximal convoluted: Reabsorption of water by

osmosis

Tubule:-Reabsorption of glucose, amino acids, creatine,lactic acid, citric acid, uric acid, ascorbic acid,phosphate ions, sulfate ions,calcium ions,

potassium ions, and sodium ions by activetransport

- Reabsorption of proteins by pinocytosis

- Reabsorption of chloride ions and othernegatively charged ions by electrochemicalattraction

Active secretion of such substances as penicillin,histamine, and hydrogen ions


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Function :

*reabsorbtion 80 % ultrafiltrat:

-ion Na active, diffusion from lumen into tubules cell about 65 %-water osmosis, ultrafiltrat osmolaritas no changes-glucose, protein, amino acid, acetoacetic acid & vitamin.

*excrete : creatinin, sodium anorganik, phenol red, drugs

Proximal Tubules


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Loop of HenleLoop of Henle

Length depend on the location of renal corpuscle

Divided in three part- straight to medulla- arcus- straight to cortex

Function : -concentrated ultrafiltrat glomeruli

-AH descending : excretion ion Na & Cl from cell to thelumen, water enter the cell.-AH ascending :reabsorption Na & Cl ion, water out of cell


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Distal TubulesDistal TubulesStraigthpart: prolonged from pars ascendens AH

-cells change from simple squamosa to simple cuboidal cell

-citoplasma asidophil,mitochondria and RE granular/smooth arounnucleus, AG apical nucleus.

-EM: interdigitasi , ZO, microvili.

Makula densa: -DT in vascular pole, micr same straightpart

- function AJGContortus part:

-micr:- cuboidal cell (5-8 cell), asidophil

- citoplasma : mitochondria oval, lisosom


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Juxtaglomerular ApparatusJuxtaglomerular Apparatus

Consist :- makula densa- mesangial extraglomerular cell- juxtaglomerular cell

(modification from smooth muscular t.mediaafferen

art epitheloid cell at vascular pole)

Function :product : - renin

- eritropoetin

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