Alternative Lifting Methods

8/13/2019 Alternative Lifting Methods

1/31

1

Crane Safety on

Construction SitesSupervis ion and Management of Crane Operat ions

Alternative Lifting Methods

Presented by the Construc t ion Inst i tute of ASCE

Funded by an OSHA

Susan Harwood Train ing Grant


2/31

2

Disclaimers

This material was produced under grant SH-17794-08-60-F-51 from the Occupational

Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect

the views and policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names,

commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

This course is intended to provide general information to engineers and managers for use

in identifying and addressing their responsibilities with respect to construction worksite

safety. The program cannot possibly cover all safety issues that may be encountered at the

construction worksite, and it is not a substitute for prudent judgment or professional

expertise. It does not constitute legal advice. The information provided in this course

should not be used without first securing competent advice with respect to its suitability forany general or specific application. ASCE and the Construction Institute disclaim all

warranties regarding this course, whether implied, express or statutory, including without

limitation, any implied warranty of merchantability, fitness for use, or fitness for a particular

purpose. ASCE and the Construction Institute make no representation concerning the

accuracy, completeness, suitability, or utility of any information, apparatus,

method, product, or process discussed in this course and assume no

liability therefore. Anyone utilizing the information provided in this course assumes allresponsibility or liability arising from such use.


3/31


4/31

4

May be preferred when: Handling long pieces

When obstructions may restrict a single crane

Utilization of equipment on site

The extra capacity works well with the nature of theload

Loads must be placed at an angle When dictated by center of gravity issues

To offload from double-bolstered railcars or haulingequipment

Multi-Crane

Lifts


5/31

5

Things to Consider:

Nearly all crane and lifting safety plans mandate areduction in chart capacity for multi-crane lifts (someexclude tail cranes)

A greater chance of side loading either crane exists

Load distribution can change if one crane gets noticeablyhigher than the other

Swinging and hoisting at the same time are notrecommended

If one crane fails, the other will have all of the load

A first rate signalman is required as well as goodcommunications

Multi-Crane

Lifts


6/31

6

Two Cranes

Horizontal Loads The two cranes used on

this concrete beam allowed

the beam to be landed first

on one end

The two cranes wereprobably on the jobsite,

resulting in cost savings

Multi-Crane

Lifts


7/31

7

Two Cranes

Horizontal Loads

Here two matched

cranes lift an

asymmetrical load

Careful CG calculationand load distribution is

very important

Multi-Crane

Lifts


8/31

8

Two Cranes Horizontal

Loads Two unequal cranes lifting aprocess module

This lift was carefully

planned, allowing the larger

crane to lift at a greaterradius and allowing for a

proportional lift

Multi-Crane

Lifts


9/31

9

Two Cranes

Horizontal Loads

Connecting two similar

cranes with a long lift beam

enables the cranes to

reduce their respectiveoperating radii, thereby

increasing their lifting

capacities

Multi-Crane

Lifts


10/31

10

Two Cranes Horizontal

Loads

This is an excellent use

of two cranes

The duct needs to be

lifted at an angle for

correct placement

With a single crane lift,

the rigging must be

selected to provide the

correct angle

Multi-Crane

Lifts


11/31

11

More Than Two Cranes

Lifts like this roof raising

are normally restricted tolifting only

Loadings must be carefully

calculated

Communication is most

critical Chart deductions are

essential

Ground surface should be

level, firm, and matted as

deemed necessary

Multi-Crane

Lifts


12/31

12

More Than Two Cranes: Roll Up Another possibility is this this

roll-up of an offshore jacket

section

The many cranes will lift only

and walk in tightly-controlledunison until the jacket section

is rotated to the desired

position

Multi-Crane

Lifts


13/31

13

TWO CRANES: VERTICAL LIFTS

Utilizing two cranes to make a vertical liftshould require a high level of planning . It

is essential to consider:

The orientation and the initial layout

Boom side clearance and two-blocking

The changing of loads on all cranes

Minimum and maximum radii Method of safely unhooking the rigging

Insure one crane doesnt get ahead of the

other

A lift of this nature should always be an

engineered lift

Multi-Crane

Lifts


14/31

14

Two Cranes: Tailing

Most larger vertical loads requiretrailing with a crane or an

equivalent tailing device

Sometimes two tail cranes are

used

The crane or device must be able

suspend (or support) theproportionate load- whether

moving into the hook of the main

erection crane or remaining at

radius while the erection crane

booms out to the tail crane

Multi-Crane

Lifts


15/31

15

Two Cranes: Tailing

Not all vertical loads

require tailing with a

second crane

Multi-Crane

Lifts


16/31

16

Tailing to the Vertical

Not all upendings require a

tail crane

This HRSG module uses a

roll up skid attachment

Multi-Crane

Lifts


17/31

17

Multiple Cranes: Tailing

This is a typical erection of a

pressure vessel using two erection

cranes and a tail crane

Note that the tail load should be

relatively low due to the location of

the lifting trunnions This slide is used to illustrate how

tail loads vary throughout the lift

Multi-Crane

Lifts


18/31

18

This is a graph of the tailing load in

relation to the horizontal angle

The solid line is the actual case for the

previous slide

The curve is variable and dependent

upon the relationships between the

dimensions between the center of

gravity and the lift points

The dotted lines show curves if the

offset distance c were greatly

reduced

Tailing to the

Vertical


19/31

19

Tailing to the

Vertical


20/31

20

Manual and hydraulic jacks

Hydraulic gantries

Jacking towers Helicopters

Alternate Lifting

Methods


21/31

21

For years,mechanical track

jacks (and similar

products) were the

standard for much

jacking, and are still

used today

Alternate Lifting

Methods:

Jacks

Alt t Lifti


22/31

22

Hydraulic jacks can beused in an endless

number of applications

From the small, as with

the placement of theseprecast planter boxes

Alternate Lifting

Methods:

Hydraulic

Jacks


23/31

23

To the large, as withlifting this large truss

bridge with center

hole strand jacks

Alternate Lifting

Methods:

Jacks


24/31

24

Flat jacks have proved

effective in the raising of

heavy structures, such asbridges, only a few inches

for inspection, repairs, or

other applications

The jacks remain extended

and can only be used once

They can also be filled with

grout and remain in place

Alternate Lifting

Methods: Flat

Jacks


25/31

25

Compressed air jacks

have also found theirniche in the construction

world

They are also effective

jacks for some tasks in

the maintenance ofconstruction equipment

Alternate Lifting

Methods: Air

Jacks

Alt t Lifti


26/31

26

Alternate Lifting

Methods:

Hydraulic

Gantries

Hydraulic gantriescan be utilized in

open spaces or tight

spots

Alt t Lifti


27/31

27

Hydraulic gantries are

highly versatile, portable

and have high lifting

capacities

They can also translate a

suspended load on tracks or

even tail up certain loads to

the vertical

The use of these gantries

requires good planning and

engineering

Alternate Lifting

Methods:

Hydraulic

Gantries

Alternate Lifting


28/31

28

For very heavy and high

loads, jacking towers are

frequently used. Most, as with this system,

utilize large multiple center

hole jacks and bridge strand.

Others may use chain or

special links, while others use

a push-up jacking system

These lifts require extensive

engineering

Alternate Lifting

Methods:

Jacking

Towers

Alt t Lifti


29/31

29

Forklifts, especiallywith the increasing

popularity of rough

terrain forklifts, have

taken over many

jobsite lifting

activities

Alternate Lifting

Methods:

Forklifts

Lifti With


30/31

30

Lifting with helicopters ismost feasible when working

in remote areas Risk factors include:

Near hurricane windsbelow the craft

A very limited amount of

time that the craft canremain over the set point-only seconds

The inherent possibility of acrash

Lifting With

Helicopters

(Rotorcraft)

Lifti With


31/31

31

When workingaround people or

operating plants,

such as at this truck

plant, special care

and planning mustbe implemented

Lifting With

Helicopters

(Rotorcraft)

Documents

Alternative Lifting Methods