Aligning Workforce DevelopmentWith:

Software Engineering Capability DevelopmentProcess Improvement

Quote # 1“Knowledge is the raw material of software development, and it is software engineers who transform knowledge into software products. Although software tools can help record and manage knowledge, they do not create and apply it.

The level of talent on a software project is often the strongest predictor of its results, and personnel shortfalls are one of the most severe project risks. Therefore, improving technology and process alone is not enough...

Improving a software organization requires continual improvement of its people and the conditions that

empower their performance.”

Excerpted from The Software Engineering Institutes People Capability Maturity Model.

 

Software CMM

Level Key Process Areas              Process change management              Technology change management              Defect prevention              Quality management              Process measurement and analysis              Software quality management              Quantitative process management              Peer reviews              Intergroup coordination              Software product engineering              Integrated software management              Training program              Organization process definition              Organization process focus              Software configuration management              Software quality assurance              Software subcontract management              Software project tracking and oversight              Software project planning              Requirements management

Initial (1)

Optimizing (5)

Managed (4)

Defined (3)

Repeatable (2)

Software Engineering Activities

People CMM

DevelopingCapabilities

5 Coaching

Optimizing

4Organization Performance

Alignment

ManagedTeam Based

PracticesCompetency Development

Competency-Based Practices

3 Career Development

Defined

2 Training Compensation

Repeatable Performance Management

Work environment

1Initial

Mentoring Team Building

Communication

Organizational Competency Management

Workforce Planning

Communication Staffing

Participatory Culture

Maturity Levels

Knowledge and Skill Analysis

Personal Competency Development

Process CategoriesBuilding Teams

and CultureMotivating and

Managing Shaping the Workforce

Continuous Workforce Innovation

Workforce Development Activities

Putting the SW-CMM in the P-CMM Using the P-CMM to help drive Process Improvement

Challenge

DevelopingCapabilities

5 Coaching

Optimizing

4Organization Performance

Alignment

Managed Team Based Practices

Competency Development

Competency-Based Practices

3 Career Development

Defined

2 Training Compensation

Repeatable Performance Management

Work environment

1Initial

Maturity Levels

Knowledge and Skill Analysis

Personal Competency Development

Process CategoriesBuilding Teams

and CultureMotivating and

Managing Shaping the Workforce

Continuous Workforce Innovation

Organizational Competency Management

Workforce Planning

Communication Staffing

Participatory Culture

Mentoring Team Building

Communication

Level Key Process Areas              Process change management              Technology change management              Defect prevention              Quality management              Process measurement and analysis              Software quality management              Quantitative process management              Peer reviews              Intergroup coordination              Software product engineering              Integrated software management              Training program              Organization process definition              Organization process focus              Software configuration management              Software quality assurance              Software subcontract management              Software project tracking and oversight              Software project planning              Requirements management

Initial (1)

Optimizing (5)

Managed (4)

Defined (3)

Repeatable (2)

Finding Levers in the People CMMDevelopingCapabilities

5 Coaching

Optimizing

4Organization Performance

Alignment

ManagedTeam Based

PracticesCompetency Development

Competency-Based Practices

3 Career Development

Defined

2 Training Compensation

Repeatable Performance Management

Work environment

1Initial

Maturity Levels

Knowledge and Skill Analysis

Personal Competency Development

Process CategoriesBuilding Teams

and CultureMotivating and

Managing Shaping the Workforce

Continuous Workforce Innovation

Organizational Competency Management

Workforce Planning

Communication Staffing

Participatory Culture

Mentoring Team Building

Communication

Requirem entsEngin eerin gProces sRequirem entsE lic itatio nRequirem entsAnalysisRequirem entsSpecif icatio nRequirem entsValid atio nRequirem entsM anagem en t

Softw areRequirem ents

Software Desig nBasic ConceptsKey Issues inSoftware Desig nSoftware S tructureand A rchitectureSoftware Desig nQ uality analysisand Ev aluatio nSoftware Desig nNotation sSoftware Desig nS trategies an dM ethod s

Softw areDesign

Linguistic M ethod sF orm al M ethodsV isual M ethod s

Reduc ation inCom plexity

Linguistic M ethod sF orm al M ethodsV isual M ethod s

Antic ip ation o fD iversity

Linguistic M ethod sF orm al M ethodsV isual M ethod s

S tructuring for validatio n

Linguistic M ethod sF orm al M ethodsV isual M ethod s

Use of Externa lS tandard s

Softw areConstruction

Basic Conceptsan dDefin ition sT est LevelsT est Technique sT est-related M easure sM anaging the T es tP roces s

Softw areTest

BasicConceptsM ainte nanc eProces sKey issue sInSoftwareM ainte nanc eT echn ique sforM ainte nanc e

Softw areM aintenance

M anagem ent of th eSCM ProcessSoftwareConfig uratio nIdentficatio nSoftwareConfig uratio nContro lSoftwareConfig uratio nS tatus Accountin gSoftwareConfig uratio nAuditin gSoftware Releas eM anagem en tan dDelivery

Softw areConfigurationM anagem ent

O rgaqnizationa lM anagem en tP rocess/P rojectM anagem en tSoftwareEngin eerin gM easurem en t

Softw areEngineeringM anagem ent

Engine ering P roces sConceptsP rocess InfrastructureP rocess M easurem en tP rocess Definitio nQ ualitative P roces sAnalysisP roces sIm plem entatio nand C hang e

Softw areEngineering

Process

Requirem entsT oolsDesig n toolsConstruc tion toolsT esting toolsM aintena nce toolsEngine ering P roces sT oolsQ uality toolsCongifuratio nM anagem en tT oolsEngin eerin gM anagem en tT oolsInfrastructureSuppor tT oolsM iscellan eous too lIssues

SoftwareT ools

Heuristic M ethod sF orm al M ethodsPrototyping M ethod sM iscellaneo us m etho dIssues

SoftwareM ethod s

Softw areEngineering

Tools & M ethods

Q ualityConceptsDefin itio n& P la nnin gfor Q ualityT echn ique sRequ irin g2 or m orePeopleSupport toothe rT echn ique sT esting Specia lT oSQ A or V&VDefect F indin gT echn ique sM easurem ent inSoftware Q ualityAnalysis

Softw are Quality

Softw are Engineering Body o f Know ledge

Acceptable to software professionals A foundation for modeling competency Software Engineering Body of Knowledge

Lifecycle Focus

(IEEE/ACM Stone-man Version 0.9 February 2001)… WWW.SWEBOK.ORG

Course Name Proje

ct P

lannin

g

Requir

em

ents

Analy

sis

& D

esig

n

Codin

g a

nd I

mple

mentatio

n

Testin

g

Roll O

ut

Post I

mple

mentatio

n

Change M

anagem

ent

Managem

ent

Predic

tabilit

y o

f E

ffort a

nd S

chedule

Quality a

nd E

fficie

ncy

Custom

er C

om

munic

atio

n a

nd S

atis

factio

n

Graduate Sof tware Engineering Program X X X X X X X X

Sof tware I nspections classes X X X X X

OOA&D w\UML class X X X

Commercial PMBOK classes X X X X X X X

Project Leadership Seminar X X X

Requirements Engineering Program X X X

Sof tware Testing classes X X X

Estimating X X

Post I mplementation Review X X X X X

Lifecycle SPI Goals

Course N

am

eMapping Training to the Lifecycle

Clarify relevance to software professionals

The easy part Low hanging fruit

Development Planning Framework

Business Plan

Project Requirements

Strategic Initiatives

Opportunity/Risk/Gap Analysis

Internal Capability

Required Capability

Development Plan

Three Activities

Business Plan

Project Requirements

Strategic Initiatives

Performance

Objectives

Opportunity/Risk/Gap Analysis

Internal Capability

Required Capability

C

A

B

Planning

Visibility&

Alignment

Measurement Development Plan

Objectives by Activity

ACTIVITY OBJECTIVE

Visibility & Alignment

Identify and line-up the sponsorship around key issues Identify critical success factors

Model key-competencies

Integrate competencies into the organization Performance Management System

Measurement Assess capability Planning The executable program and its objectives

Business Plan

Project Requirements

Strategic Initiatives

Performance

Objectives

Opportunity/Risk/Gap Analysis

Internal Capability

Required Capability

C

A

B

Planning

Visibility&

Alignment

Measurement Development Plan

Development Mirrors Competencies

Knowledge AreaCourse

Module

Module

Module

Lesson

Lesson

Lesson

Lesson

Lesson

Lesson

Lesson

Skill

Skill

Knowledge AreaCourse

Competency

Module

Module

Lesson

Lesson

Lesson

Lesson

Lesson

Lesson

Lesson

Lesson

Lesson

Program

Knowledge Area

Competency

Competency

Competency

Skill

Skill

Skill

Skill

Skill

Skill

Skill

Skill

Skill

Knowledge Area

Competency

Competency

Competency

Skill

Skill

Skill

Skill

Skill

Skill

Skill

Skill

Skill

Lifecycle Role

Performance Management Framework Development Framework

Alignment at a granular level for critical success factors Powerful performance management context

Workforce System Alignment

Job DescriptionsFramework

Job DescriptionsFramework

Performance Management

System

Performance Management

System

DevelopmentFramework

DevelopmentFramework

Knowledge AreaCourse

Module

Module

Module

Lesson

Lesson

Lesson

Lesson

Lesson

Lesson

Lesson

Skill

Skill

Knowledge AreaCourse

Competency

Module

Module

Lesson

Lesson

Lesson

Lesson

Lesson

Lesson

Lesson

Lesson

Lesson

Program

Knowledge AreaAccountability

Competency

Competency

Competency

Skill

Skill

Skill

Skill

Skill

Skill

Skill

Skill

Skill

Knowledge AreaAccountability

Competency

Competency

Competency

Skill

Skill

Skill

Skill

Skill

Skill

Skill

Skill

Skill

Lifecycle/Process Role

ProcessHighLow

High

Low

Individual Ability

High Individual AbilityHigh Organization Specific Process Focus

High Individual AbilityLow Organization Specific Process Focus

Low Individual AbilityLow Organization Specific Process Focus

Low Individual AbilityHigh Organization Specific Process Focus

Heroics Shangri-la

Disaster Shelf-ware

Where is your Organization?

High

RE Jump-start

Individual Ability Focus

Process FocusHighLow

Peer groups

VMO trainingPMP

Graduate Software Engineering

Project Management Series

RE Overview

Low

PMBOK Training

Peer groups

RE Retooling

Key

Current programs

Upcoming programs

Past programs

Process Coupled to Know-how Migrate the discourse to the upper right Create context for granular alignment

Put the SW-CMM in the P-CMM

DevelopingCapabilities

5 Coaching

Optimizing

4Organization Performance

Alignment

Managed Team Based Practices

Competency Development

Competency-Based Practices

3 Career Development

Defined

2 Training Compensation

Repeatable Performance Management

Work environment

1Initial

Maturity Levels

Knowledge and Skill Analysis

Personal Competency Development

Process CategoriesBuilding Teams

and CultureMotivating and

Managing Shaping the Workforce

Continuous Workforce Innovation

Organizational Competency Management

Workforce Planning

Communication Staffing

Participatory Culture

Mentoring Team Building

Communication

Level Key Process Areas              Process change management              Technology change management              Defect prevention              Quality management              Process measurement and analysis              Software quality management              Quantitative process management              Peer reviews              Intergroup coordination              Software product engineering              Integrated software management              Training program              Organization process definition              Organization process focus              Software configuration management              Software quality assurance              Software subcontract management              Software project tracking and oversight              Software project planning              Requirements management

Initial (1)

Optimizing (5)

Managed (4)

Defined (3)

Repeatable (2)

Surface the priorities to energize sponsors Integrate workforce systems in a culturally appropriate

context Migrate the discourse to the upper right

Quote # 2...an enterprise is only as great as the employees who work for it…

No matter how fine a tradition its boasts or how excellent its technology or services, a business that cannot find people capable of sustaining these advantages will gradually go in to decline.

For that reason, every business takes the matter of cultivating human resources – recruiting, training, and utilizing the talents of its employees – very seriously. I believe that the more successful a company is in these endeavors, the more its performance and fortunes will flourish.

Konosuke Matsushita from the preface to “People Before Products” – the human factor in business