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Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA Air Handling units For hospital environment FM-H

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Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

Air Handling units

For hospital environment

FM-H

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

- Health directives

- Technical directives/norms

- AHUs FM-H: technical details

Presentation index

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

The term legionellosis(legionnaire’s disease)

identifies forms of pulmonary

infection caused by different

species of aerobic bacteria of

the type Legionella (Legionella pneumophila is

the species most dangerous)

Problem of Legionella

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� Legionella infections are difficult

to distinguish from other types of

pneumonia

� The Legionella (especially in the variant

"legionnaire's disease") is a serious disease, with high

lethality

Problem of Legionella

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

Problem of Legionella

Reference 15/12/2011: http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?Articleid=753

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

Problem of Legionella

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Responsibilites

“Due to recent incidents that occurred in hospitals with

episodes of deaths, dedicated institute opened a criminalinvestigation against the directors of the hospitals on charge

of negligent injury, wrongful death and violation of the law

626/94 on the protection of workers. It 'clear, however, that

can potentially be called into question all those involved in the

process of design, implementation, testing, maintenance, use

of the system: designers, general contractors, equipment

manufacturers, installers, test technician, maintainer, owner,

manager .“

Extract from UNI communication

Problem of Legionella

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

All plants that pose a

moderate heating of water

and its spray (hospitals,

nursing homes, rest, hotels,

schools, spas, swimming

pools, ...) are potentially

under the risk

Especially, HOSPITALS

Dangerous environments

Problem of Legionella

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Conditions for the development of Legionella

1 Optimal temperature for growth range from 25 to 42° C (best 37° C)

2 Aerobic (ambient with oxygen) and humid environment

3 Presence of nutrients: biofilms, slag, limestone and iron ions, other

microorganisms

4 Spraying water droplets forming with diameters ranging from 1 to 5

microns

Problem of Legionella

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Mode of transmission

• Spread by breathing contaminated water

aerosols (main cause of transmission)

• Alcohol, Smoking

• Sex (men, mainly)

• Advanced age

• chronic lung disease

Problem of Legionella

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

Guidelines for the protection and promotion of health in confined spaces

Scope of the document

Structure of the document

“To provide technical guidelines, to promote the

development of initiatives ... on pollution of indoor

environments (IAQ)"

� Part 1: introduction

� Part 2: prevention for indoor environments

� Part 3: strategic lines for actuation of «prevention for indoor

environments»

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Strategic lines of the risks dell'IAQ (summary)

• Carry out a survey on the health of existing buildings

• Prepare guidelines for designers and constructors of buildings

• Prepare protocols relating to the maintenance

• Prepare a reference standard for the protection of health

• Verify the effectiveness of taken actions

Guidelines for the protection and promotion of health in confined spaces

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

General guidelines

• in paragraph 5.2.6 of the guidelines refer directly to the

“Guidelines for the prevention and control of legionellosis”

• to ensure compliance with the hygienic requisites of indoor air,

should refer to the provisions of ENV 12097 ("network of pipelines.

Requirements for components to facilitate maintenance of

networks of pipelines" - January 1997 ")

• test procedures for limits in the pipelines should follow the

methodology described in the documentation prepared by NADCA

- National Air Duct Cleaners Association

• The maintenance should be logged

Guidelines for the protection and promotion of health in confined spaces

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

“Guidelines for the prevention and control of legionellosis”

Prevention strategies in plant systems (summary)

• prevent standing water;

• limit the possibility of biological niches by making periodic

cleaning of equipment;

• maintain efficient drift eliminators and filters;

• avoid the critical temperature of water (25-55° C);

• eliminate with proper treatment the biofilm (nourishment for

Legionella)

• provide for water treatment;

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Prevention strategies in plant systems (summary)

• To program inspections on the installation of air conditioning to

check the status of humidifiers, evaporative cooling towers, the

location of the external sockets and the state of drainage

systems;

• To check maintenance schedule and log

• To design the air flow system to ensure accessibility for

maintenance operations;

“Guidelines for the prevention and control of legionellosis”

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

Specifications for components (summary)

“Guidelines for the prevention and control of legionellosis”

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

• Silencers

- Must have surface finishes such as to limit the nesting of dirt, and to

ensure the ease of cleaning;

- Must be placed at an appropriate distance from humidifiers;

• Inlet for Fresh air

- must be sized for speed <2 m/s

- must be fitted with guards to prevent water from entering;

- should be placed away from sources of pollution;

“Guidelines for the prevention and control of legionellosis”

Specifications for components (summary)

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

• Filters:

- class F7 upstream of UTA;

- class F8 / F9 downstream of the UTA and any silencers;

- class F7 on the fresh air intake;

- must be serviced (cleaning and replacement)

“Guidelines for the prevention and control of legionellosis”

Specifications for components (summary)

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

• Heat exchangers:

- cleaning often the heat exchanger;

- Sloping the drain pans

- make the pans with dedicated materials to prevent corrosion.

• Adiabatic humidification

- Not suggested

- Checking the quality of water

- Cleaning often the system

“Guidelines for the prevention and control of legionellosis”

Specifications for components (summary)

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

• Ducts:

- Compressed air system for cleaning is suggested

• Logbook of maintenance

- ordinary and extraordinary maintenance on water systems and air

conditioning systems must be registered.

“Guidelines for the prevention and control of legionellosis”

Specifications for components (summary)

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

Norm UNI CTI 5/716

Abstract

• air conditioning systems must be provided of accesses for

technical and hygiene inspections by qualified personnel. Each

control must be registered.

• Inspection of tech and hygiene must involve ducts, local and

technical components of the air handling unit

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

• Allowable limits for the concentration of particulate matter and

bacteria in the canals, for the test methods and limits for

bacterial contamination of components in CTA refers to the

technical documentation NADCA

• Checkings, cleaning, disinfection must be carried out according to

a checklist proposed in a table

• training of personnel hygiene facilities must be provided:

• Category A: hygiene managers

• Category B: for simple personal

Norm UNI CTI 5/716

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

Guidelines ASHRAE 12-2000

Scope of document

Giving directions to minimize the risk of Legionellosis

associated with water systems, swimming pools, air

conditioning systems, etc..

Abstract

The guideline addresses the problem with a comprehensive

approach is to identify areas characterized by higher critical

plant, consider the application situations (hospitals, hotels,

etc..) And propose intervention methods emphasizing the

aspect of prevention to stop the rise to the chain of

transmission of legionellosis.

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

Technical solutions inside FM-H

Problemi diigiene - salute pubblica

Strumenti giuridici enormativi

Progetto FM-H :

soluzionetecnica

Attività di ricerca e sviluppo

FAST

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

Range

0 5.000 10.000 15.000 20.000 25.000 30.000 35.000

Portata aria [m3/h]

FM-H 20

FM-H 28

FM-H 35

FM-H 42

FM-H 50

FM-H 57

FM-H 69

FM-H 82

FM-H 105

FM-H 119

FM-H 154

FM-H 194

FM-H 237

FM-H 286

FM-H 342

Mo

dell

o

Velocità frontale sul pacco di

scambio termico [m/s]

2,52

Technical solutions inside FM-H

Technical

solutions

inside FM-H

construction (easy to clean, inspected, materials used, envelope leakage)

Technical characteristics of the components of the various sections

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

Technical solutions inside FM-H

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

Construction

Cleaniness

• internal profile and edges

with angles less than 90 ° C

are connected

• Drainable floors

• Avoided holes, spaces

Technical solutions inside FM-H

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

Construction

Inspectability

• Access doors for every section

• Every section is provided with adequate lighting to

facilitate cleaning

Technical solutions inside FM-H

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

Fresh air inlet

• rated for speeds up to 2 m / s

• have effective systems (backward cowls) to prevent

water or dirt from getting inside the CTA

• should be placed away from sources of pollution and

expulsion of ambient air (instructions on the manual)

Technical solutions inside FM-H

Technical characteristics of the components

Filters

• Eurovent certification is agreeding on the

efficient use of filters F 8-9

• F7 filters will be positioned upstream of the CTA

• F8 / F9 filters will be located downstream of the CTA and

downstream silencers

• F7 filters will be positioned on vents

• the filter section shall be equipped with optional differential

pressure switch

• UV lamps may be installed upon request

• activated carbon filters may be installed upon request

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

Technical solutions inside FM-H

Technical characteristics of the components

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

Heat exchangers

• materials can be (tube / fins):

- Cu / Cu (standard)

- Cu / Cu tinned (optional)

- Steel / Cu (optional)

- Stainless steel / steel (optional)

• the casing of coils and related rails are made of stainless steel

• Electric coils are made of stainless steeel

Technical solutions inside FM-H

Technical characteristics of the components

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

Heat recovery devices

• PHE

• RAC Coils

• RWE is not suggested!

• Fresh air inlet should be filtered with F7 filter

Technical solutions inside FM-H

Technical characteristics of the components

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

Humidifier

• Only with steam

• the accumulation of water is

prevented taking into

consideration the distances from

the following component.

• Control stops the humidifier

when the air conditioning system

shuts down or fails

Technical solutions inside FM-H

Technical characteristics of the components

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

Droplet eliminators

• They are expected after cooling coils

with velocity> 2.6 m / s after

humidification

• The droplet separator has fins

antibacterial treatment with frame and

stainless steel guides

Technical solutions inside FM-H

Technical characteristics of the components

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

Fan sections

• They are fans of the type used

exclusively PLUG FAN ensuring easy

cleaning of both the impeller and the

floor (and media guides are

minimized)

• The fan support and the fan itself are totally

subjected to antibacterial treatment;

Technical solutions inside FM-H

Technical characteristics of the components

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

Silencers

• They are equipped with polyethylene film to ensure a high

standard of hygiene, and the frame rails are stainless steel

• the formation of condensation thereon shall be avoided

while maintaining appropriate distances between

humidifiers and silencers as a function of speed and air

temperature and humidity conditions

• silencers will be installed horizontally to facilitate easier

removal

Technical solutions inside FM-H

Technical characteristics of the components

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

Panels

• 50 mm thickness panels

• Drainable floor for all section, at least 3% slope

• materials (external / internal)

Galvanized steel precoated/aluminum with antibacteria

treatment

Aluminum/Aluminum wih antibacteria treatment

• Insulation:

• Polyurethane (standard)

• Mineral wool (different thickness)

Technical solutions inside FM-H

Technical characteristics of the components

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

Casing

• Aluminum

• Aluminum, with thermal break

Base frame

• Galvanized steel or stainless stell

Technical solutions inside FM-H

Technical characteristics of the components

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

Coating for Aluminum

• Internal panels can be treated with a patented anti-bacteria

painting

Technical solutions inside FM-H

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

• antibacterial treatment has been patented with the claim

"air handling unit, particularly for environmental health

and hospital food, [...] characterized in that it comprises

bacteria-static to counter the emergence of bacterial

colonies [...] substances with bacteria-static or bactericidal

action”

• Patent: number PD2300A00272 at CCIAA, Padova

Technical solutions inside FM-H

Coating for Aluminum

• the bactericidal action of the treatment is tested by the

laboratories of the Department of Environmental Medicine and

Public Hygiene of the University of Padua

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

Technical solutions inside FM-H

Coating for Aluminum

Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

Antibacteria

system for

internal panels

PLUG FAN

SS guides and rails

Filters,

SS casing

Droplet eliminator,

Antibateria treated

Technical solutions inside FM-H

Indice

43Copyright © 2009 - FAST SpA

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