AIR ASAM TAMBANG SEBAGAI KOAGULAN ACID MINE DRAINAGE AS
COAGULANTRizqi Amalia 1) dan Welly Herumurti 2)Teknik Lingkungan,
ITSGedung Teknik Lingkungan Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya
60211Email: 1)rizqiamalia07 @gmail.com;
2)[email protected]
ABSTRAKAir permukaan dan air run off penambangan batubara pada
umumnya mempunyai kekeruhan dan TSS (Total Suspended Solid) yang
tinggi. Disamping air run off, permasalahan lain yang dihadapi oleh
industri pertambangan adalah adanya Air Asam Tambang (AAT), yaitu:
air dengan pH rendah dan seringkali mengandung logam berat. AAT dan
air dengan kekeruhan dan TSS yang tinggi akan mencemari lingkungan
jika tidak dikelola dengan baik.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan penggunaan AAT sebagai
alternatif koagulan dalam pengolahan air run off dan air permukaan.
Kekeruhan, pH, DHL (Daya Hantar Listrik), TSS, dan logam (Fe, Mn,
Al, Zn, Ni, Cu) diamati dalam penelitian ini. Variabel penelitian
yang digunakan adalah kualitas awal sampel (nilai kekeruhal,TSS dan
pH), dosis AAT,dan waktu pengendapan. Pengujian sampel dilakukan
pada skala laboratorium dengan koagulasi-flokulasi menggunakan jar
test. AAT dibandingkan dengan koagulan komersial, yaitu: alumunium
sulphate dan ferric sulphate. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis biaya
dari dosis optimum masing-masing koagulan.
Dari penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa penggunaan AAT sebagai
koagulan berpengaruh pada penurunan nilai TSS, kekeruhan, dan pH.
AAT bekerja pada pH optimum 6,08. Dosis optimum AAT pada pengolahan
air run off adalah6,345 mg Fe/L. Untuk dosis optimum pada
pengolahan air permukaan dengan kekeruhan awal 50 NTU dan 100
NTUadalah 6,345 mg Fe/L, sedangkan dosis optimum untuk air
permukaan dengan kekeruhan awal 500 NTU adalah 8,46 mg Fe/L.
Efektifitas AAT relatif sama dengan koagulan komersial dan memenuhi
baku mutu. Oleh karena itu, AAT dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif
koagulan dalam pengolahan air dengan kekeruhan dan TSS yang tinggi
(air run off dan air permukaan).
Kata Kunci : Air run off, air asam tambang kekeruhan,
koagulan.
ABSTRACTSurface water and coal mining run off water generally
has high turbidity and TSS (Total Suspended Solid). Beside run off
water, another problem in mining industry is the presence of Acid
Mine Drainage (AMD), which is water with low pH and often contain
heavy metals. AAT and water with high turbidity and TSS could
pollute the environment if it is notmanaged properly.
The aim of this study is to determine the used of AMD as
alternatif coagulant for run off water and surface water.
Turbidity, pH, DHL (conductivity), TSS and metal (Fe, Mn, Al, Zn,
Ni, Cu) were observed in this study. The variables were intial
water quality (turbidity,TSS and pH), AMD dosage and settling time.
Tests were conducted in laboratory scale by
coagulation-flocculation using jar test. The AMD were compared with
commercial coagulants which were alumunium sulphate and ferric
sulphate. A cost analysis of the optimum dosage for each coagulant
were also compared.
Based on the experiment, the AMD gave coagulant effect on the
declining in value of TSS, turbidity and pH. AMDreached the optimum
pH of 6,08. For the optimum dosage of AMD on run off water were
6.345 mg Fe/L, while the
optimum dosage for the treatment of surface water for initial
turbidity 50 NTU and 100 NTU were 6.345 mg Fe/L,
whereas optimum dosage for the treatment of surface water for
initial turbidity 500 NTU were 8.46 mg Fe/L.
Effectiveness of AMD were quite similar with comercial coagulant
andproven to meet quality standards.The AMD
could be used as alternative coagulant in water treatment with
high turbidity and TSS (run-off water and surface water).
Keywords: acid mine drainage, coagulant, run off water,
turbidity.
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