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ADVANCED SUBSIDIARY GCE
BIOLOGY 2803/01Transport
*CUP/T52744*
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
• Write your name clearly in capital letters, your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the boxes above.• Use black ink. Pencil may be used for graphs and diagrams only.• Read each question carefully and make sure that you know what you have to do before starting your answer.• Answer all the questions.• Do not write in the bar codes.• Write your answer to each question in the space provided, however additional paper may be used if
necessary.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
• The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.• The total number of marks for this paper is 45.• You will be awarded marks for the quality of written communication where
this is indicated in the question.• You may use an electronic calculator.• You are advised to show all the steps in any calculations.• This document consists of 12 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.
* 2 8 0 3 0 1 *
OCR is an exempt CharityTurn over
© OCR 2009 [L/100/3767]SPA (NF/CGW) T52744/9
Candidates answer on the question paper
OCR Supplied Materials:None
Other Materials Required:• Electronic calculator• Ruler (cm/mm)
Wednesday 14 January 2009Afternoon
Duration: 45 minutes
THIS IS A LEGACY SPECIFICATION
FOR EXAMINER’S USE
Qu. Max. Mark
1 14
2 6
3 15
4 10
TOTAL 45
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© OCR 2009
Answer all the questions.
1 Fig. 1.1 shows a potometer that is used to measure the rate of water uptake by a leafy shoot.
watercut leafy
shoot
rubber tubing
0 1 2 3 4 5
mm scale
6 7 8 9 10
tap
capillarytubewater
meniscus
Fig. 1.1
A student used the potometer to investigate the rate of water uptake of a leafy shoot. The student changed two environmental conditions:
• temperature • wind speed.
The results are recorded in Table 1.1.
Table 1.1
experiment temperature / °C
wind speed mean rate of movement of
meniscus / mm h–1
1 15 low 12
2 15 high 22
3 25 low 24
4 25 high 45
5 35 low 64
6 35 high 120
3
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(a) List four precautions that the student should have taken when setting up the potometer to ensure that the results obtained were valid measures of the rate of water uptake under the given conditions.
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(b) Using the data in Table 1.1, describe and explain the effect of temperature and wind speed on the rate of water uptake.
temperature ..............................................................................................................................
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wind speed ................................................................................................................................
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© OCR 2009
(c) The rate of water movement up the leafy shoot was also measured, using another technique, before it was cut from the plant. The rate was found to be less than the rate of water uptake in the potometer when kept under identical environmental conditions.
Suggest why the rate of water movement in the shoot before it was cut from the plant was less than that measured using the potometer.
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(d) The water moves up the leafy shoot in xylem vessels.
Describe and explain two features of xylem vessels that are adaptations for the transport of water in plants.
feature .......................................................................................................................................
explanation ...............................................................................................................................
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feature .......................................................................................................................................
explanation ...............................................................................................................................
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[Total: 14]
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BLANK PAGE
PLEASE DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE
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© OCR 2009
2 Fig. 2.1 gives some information about two organisms, a unicell (Amoeba) and a mammal (adult human).
adult human(showing the position of the lungs)
many cells in many layers1.6 – 2.0 m tall
Amoeba
one cell0.5 mm diameter
Fig. 2.1
(a) Humans have a blood circulatory system whereas an Amoeba does not.
Explain why a human needs a blood circulatory system and an Amoeba does not.
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(b) Fig. 2.1 shows that humans have lungs.
List three properties of lungs which make them effective in carrying out their function.
1 ................................................................................................................................................
2 ................................................................................................................................................
3 ........................................................................................................................................... [3]
[Total: 6]
© OCR 2008
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© OCR 2009
3 Fig. 3.1 shows the changes in blood pressure in the atria, ventricles, and arteries leaving the heart, during one complete cardiac cycle.
Graphs A and B represent the two sides of the heart.
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
4
2
–2
0
0
0 0.80
0.80
time/s
arteriesventriclesatria
key
time/s
bloodpressure/kPa
bloodpressure/kPa
Graph A
Graph B
XY
X
Y
–2
Fig. 3.1
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(a) With reference to Fig. 3.1, calculate the heart rate in beats per minute.
Show your working and express your answer to the nearest whole number.
Answer = ..................................... beats min–1 [2]
(b) A student was told that the data in Fig. 3.1 provide information on the functioning of the valves in the heart.
Using the information in Fig. 3.1 and your knowledge of heart structure and the cardiac cycle, explain why:
• point X indicates where the semilunar valves open • point Y indicates where the atrio-ventricular valves open.
X (semilunar valves open) ........................................................................................................
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Y (atrio-ventricular valves open) ...............................................................................................
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(c) Use your knowledge of heart structure and function to explain why:
• graph A must represent the left side of the heart • graph B must represent the right side of the heart.
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© OCR 2009
(d) In this question, one mark is available for the quality of use and organisation of scientific terms.
The pressure in veins is always lower than the arterial pressures shown in Fig. 3.1.
Describe the structure of veins and explain how their structure is related to their function.
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Quality of Written Communication [1]
[Total: 15]
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4 Fig. 4.1 is a photomicrograph of mammalian blood.
C
D
© Dr Gopal Murti / Science Photo Library
Fig. 4.1
(a) Name cells C and D.
C ...............................................................................................................................................
D .......................................................................................................................................... [2]
(b) At the capillaries, tissue fluid is formed from plasma.
(i) State the main difference between plasma and tissue fluid.
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(ii) Describe briefly how tissue fluid is formed at the capillaries.
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© OCR 2009
(c) Use the most appropriate term(s) to complete the paragraph below about the role of haemoglobin.
Haemoglobin is a pigment found in the blood of mammals. It has an important role in the
transport of respiratory gases. Each haemoglobin molecule contains haem groups. In the
lungs, oxygen binds with the atom of .......................................... in each haem group. The
maximum number of molecules of oxygen that can be carried by one molecule of haemoglobin
is .......................................... . In areas like muscle tissue where the partial pressure of oxygen
is low, oxygen dissociates from the haem group. This dissociation is increased by the presence
of carbon dioxide; this is called the .......................................... .......................................... .
Most of the carbon dioxide produced in respiring tissues diffuses into the red blood cells
where the enzyme .......................................... .......................................... catalyses a
reaction which ultimately leads to the production of hydrogen ions and hydrogen carbonate ions.
The hydrogen ions combine very readily with haemoglobin to form a compound known as
.................................................... . The effect of this is to increase the release of oxygen from
haemoglobin. [5]
[Total: 10]
Fig. 4.1 © Dr Gopal Murti / Science Photo Library
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OCR is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.
