© 2010 by NanoMech, Inc. All rights reserved.

Advanced Nanoparticle Lubricant Additives

© 2010 by NanoMech, Inc. All rights reserved.

The ChallengeFriction and wear are significant sources of energy and materiallosses in mechanical processes and thus lubrication--which canmitigate these losses--is a principal focus of efforts to improveenergy efficiency and mechanical durability.

(a) Example of inside a Planetary Gearbox; (b) cross section of Planetary Gearbox.

© 2010 by NanoMech, Inc. All rights reserved.

Broad Range of Segments

© 2010 by NanoMech, Inc. All rights reserved.

Challenging & Multiple Requirements

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Introducing !

• NanoGlide® is our lubricant additive technology platformo Designed through nano-engineered

multi-functional formulations for highly loaded components

o Addresses a global need to save energy and enhance durability of equipment.

© 2010 by NanoMech, Inc. All rights reserved.

Why is Different?• Most lubricants are liquid oil-based materials

– Fatty acids – Mineral and synthetic oils (groups I, II, III, IV, and V)

• Solid lubricants (inorganic layered materials) – Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2),– Tungsten disulfide (WS2),– sp-bonded carbon:

• Graphite• Fullerenes/nanotubes

• NanoGlide combines inorganic and organic phases (hybrid form) at nano-scale as an additive

– Pastes - Suspensions– Greases - Colloids

© 2010 by NanoMech, Inc. All rights reserved.

Fundamentals of Lubrication

• Liquid lubricants fail under: High load/pressure (1-2 GPa) & High local temp. (150-300 o C).

© 2010 by NanoMech, Inc. All rights reserved.

Overcomes These ChallengesBoundary Lubrication:Liquid lubricant oil is squeezed outFriction at asperities (tips)High temperature, high wear, and friction.

NanoGlide Inorganic-organic nano-engineered lubricants:Inorganic nanoparticles:

•Doping with additional functional materials(for EP and/or HT applications), •Integrated with additional functional groups (B-and/or N- containing).

Organic capping layer:•High dispersion stability,•protects from aggregation,•additional functional groups (DDP).

© 2010 by NanoMech, Inc. All rights reserved.

Nanoparticles entering most intricate geometries

abrasive particles

Shearing under high-load can trap abrasive detritus

10 nm

Particles are not depleted in low load environment

How Works

Molybdenum disulfide raw material

ReactiveMilling

NanoGlide Particle

© 2010 by NanoMech, Inc. All rights reserved.

The Technology Delivers:• A unique active nano-particulate lubricant • A size and pressure sensitive architecture capable of

delivering a stable transfer layer• Nano size: Allows easy entry to the friction contact area• Laminar structure allows lubrication through delamination

under high contact stress

Advanced 2-phase Nanomaterial

© 2010 by NanoMech, Inc. All rights reserved.

Example Test ComparativesFriction and Wear

© 2010 by NanoMech, Inc. All rights reserved.

Gear scuffing test with NanoGlideNG1D2HL

00.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.09

0.1

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000

Test Duration, Seconds

Coe

ffici

ent o

f Fri

ctio

n Common additive

Common additive + NanoGlide NG1D1I

Effective from the 1st

cycle at ambient temperature

Base stockLoad = 239.3 NmScuffed

Base stock with NanoGlideLoad = 304 NmNo scuffing

Block on Ring wear test (500 rpm, 75 lbs., 30 min)

Reduces Friction and Wear in a Range of Tests and Lubricants

© 2010 by NanoMech, Inc. All rights reserved.

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1

0.12

0.14

5 15 25 35 45 55

Test Duration, Minutes

Coe

ffic

ien

t of

Fri

ctio

n

Base Oil

Micro-particles: Commercial

Nanoparticles: Hybrid in oil

Nanoparticles: Unfunctional

Base oil & additive

Nanoparticles: Hybrid and Functional0.01

0.10

0.05

Coefficient of Friction4 Ball Test

© 2010 by NanoMech, Inc. All rights reserved.

Block on Ring Test Shows 50% Friction & Wear Reduction!

© 2010 by NanoMech, Inc. All rights reserved. \. May not be disclosed without permission

H13 2400 SiC Flat vs. H13 Pin 20 N load, 2 rpm ( 0.25cm/s), 26 mm track diameter

Pin-on-Disk Test Result Also Shows Lower Friction

• Sample A- Base oil

• Sample B- Base oil with organic agents

• Sample C- Base oil with hybrid inorganic NanoGlide MoS2nanoparticles showing the effect of organic and inorganic additives

COF

Time (s)

© 2010 by NanoMech, Inc. All rights reserved.

Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL)• Use of reduced cutting fluids - by 99% • Flow rate ~ 50 to 500 mL/ hour

Lubricants

Automotive Industrial

Industrial Oils Industrial Specialties

GreasesSolid

Lubricant Films

MWF(6% of Total

Lubricant demand)

* Polartech Additives Inc., STLE- Chicago, October 2009

© 2010 by NanoMech, Inc. All rights reserved.

for Metalworking Fluids• Using ‘hybrid’ nanolubricant additives in metalworking fluids

(oil-based, vegetable oil, and water-based MWF)Advantages

o Improvement in surface roughnesso Increase in G-ratioo Spontaneous heat transfero Reduction in grinding forces

* Oversimplified schematic of stable emulsion

Oil-based MWF with NanoGlide

Water

Oil with hybrid nanoparticles (NanoGlide)

Surfactant

Water-based MWF with NanoGlide

100 nm

© 2010 by NanoMech, Inc. All rights reserved.

Summary Advantages of

• Efficient lubrication: Extend component and lube-drain interval

• Advanced lubrication technology for cleaner emissions

• Non disruptive and insertableto current fluid technology (potential add-on feature)

• Multiple fields of industrial applications (product groups)

• Sustainable with positive environmental impact

© 2010 by NanoMech, Inc. All rights reserved.

What the Press Are Saying

© 2010 by NanoMech, Inc. All rights reserved.

Advanced Nanoparticle Lubricant Additives

Thank You!Let NanoMech’s dedicated team of scientists, engineers, technicians,

and management professionals develop advanced lubricant additives for your lubrication needs.