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Advanced Composite Materials

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What are composite materials ?

• A precise blending of two or more materials to create a new material that is stronger, lighter, and easier to work with than alternative materials such as metals and plastics

• A homogeneous material created by the synthetic assembly of two or more materials (a selected filler or reinforcing elements and compatible matrix binder) to obtain specific characteristics and properties

Simple answer Technical answer

• Advanced composite materials can be characterized as materials that are governed primarily by the properties of the reinforcing fibers which have high strength and high stiffness characteristics and occupy a high volume fraction of composite.

Advanced composite materials

• These are relatively new materials that derive their origin from embryonic efforts of the fibre glass reinforced plastic (FRP) industry during 1940’s.

• During 1950’s and 1980’s ACM shows a dynamic growth and the major efforts were focused on aerospace/millitary markets which were heightened by cold war.

History

These can be classified as:-

Natural• Wood• bones etc….

Man - Made• Ferro cement• Concrete and Rcc• Asbestos cement sheets etc….

Classification

• Advanced composite materials for construction, engineering, and other similar applications are formed by combining two or more materials in such a way that the constituents of the composite materials are still distinguishable, and not fully blended.

• The majority of composite materials use two constituents: a binder or matrix and a reinforcement.

Formation

• The reinforcement is stronger and stiffer, forming a sort of backbone.

• the matrix keeps the reinforcement in a set place. The binder also protects the reinforcement, which may be brittle or breakable.

Formation continues….

Primitive examples

Mud Bricks

• Aluminum• steel

Modern examples

Examples

Aircrafts

• Carbon fiber epoxy• E- glass epoxy

Strength and Durability The advanced composite materials reveal superior mechanical properties than

other materials. They have higher specific stiffness. They can with stand high loads.

Heat Resistant The advanced composite materials exhibit superb heat resistance property.

they can withstand high temperatures.

weight reduction

The advanced composite materials have got the property of significant weight reduction .They are more lighter than other materials but exhibit same properties.

Properties

Natural materials• Heavy weight• High specific stiffness and

durability• Sometimes not resistant to

heat and electricity.• Have a definite time period.• They get ruined very easily.

Advanced composite materials

• Lighter weight• Very high specific stiffness

and durability.• Always resistant to heat and

electricity.• They are long lasting.• They do not get ruined very

easily.

Comparison

• High production cost• Difficult to repair• Susceptible to damage

Disadvantages

1. Extensively used in space technologyand production of commercial air-planes.

2. Used in the production of sport goods.

3. Used for general industrial and engineering structures

4. Used in high speed and fuel efficient transport vehicles

Uses

Different materials used in aircrafts today…

Thank you

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