ECO- TRANS _IT REGENERATE BIOLOGICAL METABOLISM INTEGRATED INTO MIXED USE URBAN TRANSPORTATION

RE-IMAGINING LANGKAWI’S LANGUOR INTO A STATE OF REJUVENATED MINDS

AbstractRapid growth and development can create many challenges: traffic congestion, sprawl development and poor air quality are a few. These challenges, however, become surmountable when they are viewed as opportunities to find innovative ways to address growth-related transportation issues. The development of communities that are oriented to a variety of transportation modes is an innovative way to address growth issues, to support economic development, and to improve the community’s quality of life. Transit-friendly design (TFD) integrates elements of land use and trans-portation planning to promote higher-density, mixed-use development in an interconnected street network that is safe, accessible, and convenient for all users, including pe-destrians of all ages and abilities, bicyclists, motorists, and transit vehicles. Transit Oriented Development (TOD) is a walkable, mixed use form of development focused around station and it provide a high volume method of bringing peo-ple to an area, but they must integrated transit and adjacent land uses into a cohesive pedestrian-oriented area. Livable today, sustainable for the future cities significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions while improving the quality of life. Sustainability does not have to hurt. Reducing CO2 emissions, conserving land, and making transport more efficient go hand in hand with improving quality of life. “The ‘Garden City Concept’ is founder by Ebenzer Howard, he analysed the reasons for people to move to city or countryside. This concept attempts to reduce and solve social problems. The garden city consists for different zones, street types and green. The core in centre is contains central park, surrounded by a commercial, cultural & adminstrative zone. To avoid problems which occurs in city expansion, the concept limits the city maximum population to 32,000 people. Thus new city has to be founding a reasonable distance of 7km.,So the cities are well connected”. The proposed scheme is located at Kuah Jetty Terminal who is the main entry point for those coming by ferry from the mainland. Kuah town is centred on its jetty, bringing tourists every year from different destinations to enjoy shopping and visiting other attractions at pulau langkawi. Then the jetty point mall enjoys a stra-tegic location by being part of the jetty complex itself. This makes it a frequent last-minute shopping place for visitors before they disembark on ferry back to the mainland.

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Issue + DilemmaThe challenge; however is that tourists today have limited mobility options, having to choose between using a taxi (which can be expensive for a single tourist) or renting a car. This situation is compounded by the lack of transparency of taxi fares, since taxis do not use meters, and the prevalence of illegal taxi and car rental operations. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emission is an environmental problem which leads to earth’s greenhouses effect. Much concern with carbon dioxide emissions centred on the ground threat of global warming and climate change. The CO2 emissions (metric ton per capita) in Malaysia were reported at 7.57 in 2008, according to the World Bank. Carbon dioxide (CO2) Emission are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufactured of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumptions of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring. By burning fossil fuels and destroying forests, we are releasing greenhouses gases, importantly carbon dioxide (CO2), into the atmosphere. These heat-trapping gases are warming the planet, setting in motion changes that are taking us outside the climate bounds within which civilization developed.

HypothesisKuah town as a high quality transportation hub and becomes one of the community gathering centre. These stations as the heart of the community which is serve as the hub of a community interaction and provide a local identity. To create a new transportation hub as iconic signature centre for enhancing tourist first impression of Langkawi and providing ease ground mobility around the Langkawi Island. At the same time, enhance a healthy eco-friendly transport area by reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emission and greenhouses gases by using clean energy for future (oilgae – algae fuel) and encouraging pedestrian walkways. Further enhancing the garden city environment is the integrated transport network system of roads, rails and water transportation in which a pedestrian network has been incorporated. The modern transportation networks will reduce usage of cars within the core transit hub and promote the concepts of a ‘21st century congestion-free, city of public transport.’

IdeaTo enhance ground transportation options to allow tourists and local to travel more easily around the langkawi island. Kuah town as a high quality transportation hub and becomes one of the community gathering centre. Accessibility connectivity to a holiday destination is a major factor for most tourists. So, for support this purpose, a transit oriented development is the creation of compact, walk able communities centred on high quality train systems. This makes it possible to live a higher quality life without complete dependence on a car for mobility and survival. Transit hub consist of mode transport of commuter rail, tram, bus rapid transit, airport express service with airport check in and alternative transportation rental for instance bicycle and smart car. This hub also supported with other components for gain profit like retail (local apparel), food service, hotel, tourist info centre and other business. This hub will sustain by itself and take consideration about sustainable aspect in which totally all mode of transportation generate by electric power and hybrid approach to reduce emissions of non-greenhouse gases. The connector shuttle option is selected; it is envisioned to have two routes: the west island route will run from porto malai to telaga tujuh, while the east island route will run from kuah jetty to pantai pasir hitam. The buses will run continuously and will pick up at each stop every 30 minutes.

Transit Oriented Development (TOD)Transit-oriented communities are places that, by the design, allow people to drive less and walk, cycle, and take transit more. In practice, this means they concentrate higher-density, mixed-use, human-scale development around frequent transit stops and stations. It also provide well-connected and well-designed networks of streets, creating walking- and cycling-friendly communities focused around frequent transit. Communities built in this way have proven to be particularly livable, sustainable, and resilient places. Transit-oriented communities also make it possible to operate efficient, cost-effective

transit service. Because of these benefits, making communities more transit-oriented is one of the key goals of land use and transportation plans in Langkawi.

SociallyTransit-oriented communities provide high quality transportation options for all community members, including those who cannot or do not drive, such as seniors, young people, and people with disabilities and/or low incomes. By reducing household transportation costs through less driving and potentially lower automobile ownership rates, transit-oriented communities reduce the cost of living and increase overall affordability for households. They also incorporate the principles of universal design so that all streets, public spaces, and other transportation facilities are accessible to people with varying levels of mobility.

EconomicallyTransit-oriented communities help TransLink to provide high-quality transit services at a reasonable cost. Efficient, cost-effective, and high-quality transit, in turn, promotes a strong regional economy by providing workers and residents with access to places of employment, shopping, and other activities. Moving more people by sustainable transportation modes reduces roadway congestion and improves goods movement, which also results in economic benefits to the region. In addition, it is often more cost-effective to meet the region’s mobility needs by supporting infrastructure investment in walking, cycling, and transit. Similarly, providing more compact and complete communities can enable more efficient use of infrastructure and scarce land.

EnvironmentallyTransit-oriented communities contribute to improved environmental sustainability primarily through reduced energy consumption and fewer and shorter automobile trips. With reduced fossil fuel consumption, transportation in transit-oriented communities produces fewer greenhouse gas missions and improves air quality. Careful design of streets and public spaces can reduce the amount of impervious surfaces, thereby reducing volumes of storm water runoff and lessening the negative impacts on local watersheds.

pedestrian route pedestrian linkage

cycle route

building mass existing road

existing roadtransportation

introvert

public semi-public private

hotel commerce recreation promenade

garden public realm

vegetation water body algae photo bio-reactor

extrovert neighbour zoning land use

parking area bus station terminal & transit station

terminal & transit plaza

proposed road train link

Urban Principles & Strategies

Strategies - Urban Tool

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1. MAIN TERMINAL2. QUEIUING AND WAITING TERMINAL3. CRUISE TERMINAL4. TRANSIT SENTRAL5. MARINA GARDEN6. TOURIST AND PUBLIC CENTER7. SHOPPING MALL8. OFFICE TOWER AND SOHO9. COMMERCIAL AND RETAIL10. RESIDENTIAL

11. LUXURY HOTEL AND OBSERVE TOWER12. FLOATING RESTAURANT & RETAIL13. DATARAN LANG14. PROMENADE15. BOUTIQUE HOTEL & BUDGET HOTEL16. FLOATING GARDEN17. ALGAE PHOTO BIO-REACTOR18. ESPLANADE19. PEDESTRIAN NETWORK20. TRAIN LANE

LANGKAWI IN FUTURE

LANGKAWI PRESENT