8.2 PHOTOSYNTHESIS

WHAT YOU WILL LEARN-the two phases of photosynthesis [ describe / diagram ]-the role structures in chloroplast play in photosynthesis-factors that can affect the rate of photosynthesis

MAIN IDEA

-LIGHT energy CHEMICAL energy-plants absorb LIGHT ENERGY from the SUN to create GLUCOSE- CHEMCIAL ENERGY

SONG- PHOTOSYNTHESIS RAPhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=afFIEyVGnCQ

8.2 READ Qs1-IDENTIFY two ways cells can use glucose

2- NAME: Check the organism that has chloroplasts

Mushroom oak tree earthworm

-Also occurs in bacteria, algae, protists-

-build complex sugars, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids-energy

WATCH:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g78utcLQrJ4

8.2 READ Qs3- ILLUSTRATE/LABEL - thylakoid, granum, stroma

8.2 READ Qs4- EXPLAIN why the leaves of some trees change color in the fall

-in the fall plants break down their chlorophyll—the other pigments of the leaf can then be seen

8.2 READ Qs5-DESCRIBE what photosystem I & II are made of

- light-absorbing pigments & proteins

8.2 READ Qs6-IDENTIFY: Highlight on the diagram the path electrons follow-CIRCLE: What molecule is the electron’s final destination __________________________- NADPH

8.2 VOC

-chloroplasts

-thylakoid

-grana

-stroma

-pigment

-Calvin cycle

PROVIDE SUPPORTING EVIDENCE:Infer why chloroplasts are found mostly in the leaves of plants.a. The large surface area of leaves allows for maximum light absorption.b. The waxy coating on the surface of leaves helps prevent evaporation.c. Chlorophyll interferes with the xylem and phloem in the stems and trunks of plants.d. The large surface area of leaves allows for contact with oxygen. -________________________________________ -________________________________________ -________________________________________

- Light is absorbed by the chloroplasts in

plant cells

-Large surface area provides more exposure

of cells

PHASE ONE / PHASE TWO - DIAGRAM

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8.2 PHOTOSYNTHESIS

WHAT YOU WILL LEARN-the two phases of photosynthesis [ describe / diagram ]-the role structures in chloroplast play in photosynthesis-factors that can affect the rate of photosynthesis

MAIN IDEA

-LIGHT energy CHEMICAL energy-plants absorb LIGHT ENERGY from the SUN to create GLUCOSE- CHEMCIAL ENERGY

SONG- PHOTOSYNTHESIS RAPhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=afFIEyVGnCQ

OVERVIEW OF PHOTOSYNTHESISLIST organisms that carry out photosynthesis-autotrophs (plants)  LIST the organelle where photosynthesis takes place

 -chloroplast 1st-thylakoid / 2nd-stromaIDENTIFY the chemical equation for photosynthesis:__________ + __________ __________ + ___________

[REACTANTS] light [PRODUCTS] IDENTIFY the energy form used during photosynthesis

chemcial light

IDENTIFY the energy form produced during photosynthesis chemcial light

6CO2 6H2O 6O2 C6H12O6

-INTERNAL STRUCTURE: leaf tissue

CHLOROPLAST

IMPORTANT STRUCTURES

IMPORTANT STRUCTURES- CHLOROPLAST

CHLOROPLAST-located in the cell of leaves

INNER/OUTER MEMBRANE -phospholipid bilayer -carbs transported across membrane

THYLAKOIDS - “coins” -phase I GRANUM- “stack of coins”

STROMA- fluid/space -phase II

IMPORTANT STRUCTURES- CHLOROPLAST

MAIN IDEA

Open Closed

STOMATA-openings in leaf allow exchange of water/gasesGUARD CELLS-open & close stomata by changing shapePhotosynthesis Animation

IMPORTANT STRUCTURES- CHLOROPLAST

IMPORTANT STRUCTURES- PIGMENTSPIGMENTS-absorb colored light-found in thylakoids of chloroplast

CHLOROPHYLL-major light-absorbing pigment in plants

-gathers sunlight-absorbs light in all wavelengths [violet-blue]

-EXCEPT GREEN / Reflects GREEN

PHASE ONE: LIGHT REACTIONS

PHASE I-

NAME:

OCCURS IN:

STARTS WITH:

PRODUCES:

light-dependent <PHOTO>

Light Reactions

thylakoids

light energy-SUNwater

-oxygen-H+

-ATP / NADPH [energy storing molecules]

PHASE ONE: LIGHT REACTIONS-sunlight splits water molecules -H2O

-excites electrons ~ e- gain ENERGY-releases oxygen gas -O2 [waste product]

-H+ (protons) needed to make food

ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN-thylakoid membrane

PHOTOSYSTEM II (protein)ELECTRON CARRIER- NADP+

-accepts/transports high energy e-

-convert ADP and NADP+ energy carriers ATP and NADPH

PHOTOSYSTEM I (protein)

ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN

photosystem II

photosystem I

PHASE TWO: CALVIN CYCLE

PHASE 2-

NAME:

OCCURS IN:

STARTS WITH:

PRODUCES:

light-independent <SYNTHESIS>CALVIN CYCLE

stroma

-CO2

-ATP / NADPH [energy molecules]-GLUCOSE [6 carbon sugar]-ADP / NADP+ [return to light-dependent phase]

PHASE ONE / PHASE TWO - DIAGRAM

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OVERVIEW OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS

FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE RATE OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS

1-WATER

2-LIGHT INTENSITY

3-CO2 CONCENTRATION

4-TEMPERATURE

5-COLOR of LIGHT