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    TEORI BIAYA

    created by Wasis A. Latief 1

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    created by Wasis A. Latief 2

    STRATEGI PENGENDALIAN BIAYA PRODUKSI

    1. biaya harus dipandang sbagai !p"#nsia$ pr"%i#&

    '. a(#i)i#as yang di$a(u(an hrs.**punyai ni$ai #a*bah

    dg.+ara brpr"du(si pada *ini*u* +"s#

    dayasaing

    ,+"*p#i#i) ad)an#ag- shingga *ar(# shar

    /. *n#ap(an harga pr"du( yang ("*p#i#i).

    0adi Biaya Pr"du(si *n+r*in(an E%isinsi Sis#*Pr"du(siK"nsp Biaya 2nga+u Pada K"nsp Pr"du(si

    INPUT TETAP 3 4 % ,5-

    6 INPUT 7ARIABEL

    BIAYA 4 %,3-

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    Variabl

    elCost

    Total

    Pro

    duct

    Derivasi Fungsi Biaya

    - Pendekatan Garafis

    Q

    X / Q

    /

    X

    created by Wasis A. Latief 3

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    - Pendekatan Grafis

    created by Wasis A. Latief 4

    Produksi

    Biaya

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    Derivasi Fungsi Biaya

    - Pendekatan ate!atis

    created by Wasis A. Latief "

    )5(........................................................b

    b

    r

    wbQ

    Lb

    b

    r

    wLbQ

    CLbQ:)1()4(

    )4(............Lb

    b

    r

    wC

    rC

    Qb0rCLbb

    C

    Z

    rC

    Qb

    wL

    Qb

    wL

    Qb0wCLbb

    L

    Z

    )3(.............................................................rC)wL(BCLbZ

    )2(...........................................................................................rCwLB

    )1(..............................................................................................CLbQ

    21

    2b

    1

    2

    0

    2b

    1

    21b

    0

    2b1b

    0

    1

    2212b1b

    02

    2112b11b

    01

    2b1b

    0

    2b1b

    0

    bbL

    +

    =

    =

    =

    ====

    ====

    +=

    +==

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    created by Wasis A. Latief #

    1

    b1+b2

    b2

    20

    1

    1 b2

    b1+b2 b1+b21

    0 2

    2

    1

    1 b2

    b1+b2 b1+b22 1

    1 0 2

    Q L =

    bwb

    r b

    bQ r L =

    b w b

    bw(6) (4) : C =

    r b

    b bw Q r C =r b b w b

    (6) (7) : B

    L

    1 1b2 b2

    b1+b2 b1+b2b1+b2 b1+b21 2 1

    0 2 1 0 2

    1 1b2b1+b2 b1+bb1+b2

    1 2

    0 2 1 0

    = w L + r C

    b b bQ r w Q r B = w + r

    b w b r b b w b

    b bQ r Q B = w + w

    b w b b b

    b22 b1+b2

    1

    2

    1b2 b1+b2

    2 1

    1 0 2

    br

    w b

    b bQ r B = w 1 w

    b b w b

    +

    . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

    ,8-

    . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

    . . . . . . (7)

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    created by Wasis A. Latief $

    Dari persamaan terakhir, jika b0, b

    1, b

    2, w dan r diketahui,

    maka fungsi yang kompleks tersebut di atas dapat dimengerti

    secara sederhana bahwa Biaya (B) merupakan fungsi darioutput () !

    B 4 % , 3 -

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    INDIKATOR MENGUKUR PERORMANCE !IA"A

    #$ TC % C & VC

    C % bia'a 'a() tida* beruba+ *alau ot,ut beruba+ -*o(sta(ta. i*a dala0 ,roses ,rodu*si 0e())u(a*a(1 i(,ut teta,"i

    +ar)a('a P'i20a*a 1 C % P'i $ "i

    VC % !ia'a 'a() beruba+ *alau out,ut beruba+ i*a dala0 ,roses ,rodu*si 0e())u(a*a(1 i(,ut 3ariabel Xi

    +ar)a('a P4i20a*a 1 VC %

    P4i $ Xi

    5$ AVERAGE CO6T 1 AC % C/Q

    AVC % VC/Q

    ATC % TC/Q

    7$ MARGINA8 CO6T 1 MC % VC/

    Q atau MC % TC/

    Q

    9$ E8A6TI6ITA6 CO6T -Ec. 1 Ec % -TC/Q. $ -Q /TC.

    % MC -#/ATC.

    % MC/ATC

    AC % bia'a rata:ratasetia, # u(it out,ut

    created by Wasis A. Latief %

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    PENDUGAAN UNG6I !IA"A

    !ENTUK UNG6I 1#$u()si Kubi* -e;e*ti; ut*$u()si bia'a

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    PENDUGAAN ;UNGSI BIAYA

    Dari 0odel di atas2 0a*a 1 C % d AC % d/Q

    VC % aQ7 bQ5 & cQ

    AVC % VC/Q % aQ5 bQ & c

    ATC % TC/Q % aQ5 bQ & c & d/Q

    MC % TC/Q % d VC/dQ % 7aQ5 5bQ & c

    Ec % MC/ATC % -7aQ5 5bQ& c./-aQ5 bQ& c &d/Q.

    AVC 0i(i0u0 AVC % MC

    aQ5 bQ& c % 7aQ5 5bQ& c

    5aQ5 bQ % >

    5aQ5 bQ % > 4 -#/Q. 5aQ b % > Q % b/5a

    ATC%aQ5bQ

    &c&d/Q

    MC

    %Q5

    9Q

    &92AB

    AVC%aQ5bQ&c&

    AC%d/Q

    created by Wasis A. Latief 1'

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    PENDUGAAN ;UNGSI BIAYA

    !ia'a:!ia'a Total !ia'a:!ia'a Rata:Rata Mar)i(al

    created by Wasis A. Latief 11

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    ;UNGSI BIAYA 0ANGKA PAN0ANG ,T9 4 %,3 r

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    Un#u( *n>a*in T9 p"si#i% dan *ning(a# >i(a "u#pu# dan harga inpu# *ning(a#

    *a(a harus **nuhi syara# ,p*ba#as- a#as para*#r

    dan =

    = 1

    Agar pndugaan T9 >ang(a pan>ang dapa# di$a(u(an *a(a bn#u( 9"ub?D"ug$as

    dapa# dirubah da$a* bn#u( $inir *$a$ui #rans%"r*asi $"gari#*a.

    T9 4 3,

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    U!UNGAN MC2 ATC da(Ec6TRATEGI PENGAM!I8AN KEPUTU6AN

    MC

    ATC

    created by Wasis A. Latief 14

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    IKA DA8AM PRO6E6 PRODUK6I MENGGUNAKAN 1

    INPUT TETAP"i ARGAN"A P'i( INPUT VARIA!E8 XiARGAN"A PXi2 MAKA 1

    created by Wasis A. Latief 1"

    U!UNGAN !IA"A da( PRODUK6I

    #. C %

    P'i $ "i

    AC % -

    P'i $ "i./

    Q

    5. VC % P4i $ Xi

    AVC %-

    P4i$Xi./

    Q %

    -P4i-Xi/Q.F %

    -P4i/AP4i.7. MC %-P4i$Xi./ Q % P4i-Xi/Q.F %-P4i/MP4i.

    Dari ru0usa( di atas da,at disi0,ul*a( 1#$ i*a MP turu(2 MC a*a( 0e(i()*at2 be)itu sebali*('a5$ i*a MP 0a*si0u02 MC 0i(i0u0$

    7$ i*a AP turu(2 AVC 0e(i()*at2 be)itu sebali*('a9$ i*a AP 0a*si0u02 AVC 0i(i0u0$

    AP

    A79

    29

    2P

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    A

    B

    9

    D

    3

    1

    3

    '

    3

    /

    3

    C

    SA91SA9

    ' SA9/

    LA9

    SA9C

    SA9L29

    S291

    S29'

    3

    E

    S29C

    S29

    Ga*bar 8. . S(a$a Pabri( dan Kur)a Biaya 0ang(a Pan>ang

    created by Wasis A. Latief 1#