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institute of
telecommunications
5th Generation Wireless Technologies389.193 – Summer Term
Stefan Schwarz
[email protected] 6, 2016
Stefan Schwarz
• M.Sc. degreeImpact of Waveguide Input Coupling on Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser DiodesSupervisor: Prof. Walter Leeb, Co-Advisor: Dr. Gerhard SchmidInstitute of Telecommunications (ITC), TU Wien, 2009Programmer: The Vienna LTE Simulators (Mobile Communications Research Group)
• Ph.D. degreeLimited Feedback Transceiver Design For Downlink MIMO OFDM Cellular NetworksSupervisor: Prof. Markus Rupp, Co-Advisor: Prof. Robert Heath, UT AustinITC, TU Wien, 2013Lead Developer: The Vienna LTE-A Simulators (Mobile Communications Research Group)
• Postdoctoral researcherHead of CD-lab Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in MotionITC, TU Wien, 2016
Slide 2 / 23
Stefan Schwarz
• M.Sc. degreeImpact of Waveguide Input Coupling on Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser DiodesSupervisor: Prof. Walter Leeb, Co-Advisor: Dr. Gerhard SchmidInstitute of Telecommunications (ITC), TU Wien, 2009Programmer: The Vienna LTE Simulators (Mobile Communications Research Group)
• Ph.D. degreeLimited Feedback Transceiver Design For Downlink MIMO OFDM Cellular NetworksSupervisor: Prof. Markus Rupp, Co-Advisor: Prof. Robert Heath, UT AustinITC, TU Wien, 2013Lead Developer: The Vienna LTE-A Simulators (Mobile Communications Research Group)
• Postdoctoral researcherHead of CD-lab Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in MotionITC, TU Wien, 2016
Slide 2 / 23
Stefan Schwarz
• M.Sc. degreeImpact of Waveguide Input Coupling on Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser DiodesSupervisor: Prof. Walter Leeb, Co-Advisor: Dr. Gerhard SchmidInstitute of Telecommunications (ITC), TU Wien, 2009Programmer: The Vienna LTE Simulators (Mobile Communications Research Group)
• Ph.D. degreeLimited Feedback Transceiver Design For Downlink MIMO OFDM Cellular NetworksSupervisor: Prof. Markus Rupp, Co-Advisor: Prof. Robert Heath, UT AustinITC, TU Wien, 2013Lead Developer: The Vienna LTE-A Simulators (Mobile Communications Research Group)
• Postdoctoral researcherHead of CD-lab Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in MotionITC, TU Wien, 2016
Slide 2 / 23
Course Organization
• VO 389.193: 5th Generation Wireless Technologies
• Schedule− Monday 15:30 - 17:00, CG0402
− 12-13 lectures
− ECTS: 3.0 (weekly hours 2.0)
• Course material− Lecture slides available at (Password: 389193)
https://www.nt.tuwien.ac.at/teaching/summer-term/389-193
− Additional references provided within the slides
• Exam− Oral, appointment by email to Prof. Rupp ([email protected])
Slide 4 / 23 Course Organization
Course Overview
Aim of the course
...learn about fourth generation (4G) wireless communications(LTE/LTE-A) and obtain a basic understanding of the technolo-gies that will shape fifth generation (5G) mobile networks.
• Focus is on the physical layer (PHY) and medium access control layer (MAC)of 3GPP long-term evolution (LTE) [3GPP, 2010, 3GPP, 2014]
• The core network is out of scope
Slide 5 / 23 Course Organization
Course Outline
Basics of 3GPP LTE/LTE-A
Single and Multi-User MIMO Transmission
The MIMO Interference Channel
Major Trends for 5th Generation Cellular Networks
Slide 6 / 23 Course Outline
Course Outline ctd.
Basics of 3GPP LTE/LTE-A
• LTE PHY transmit signal processing chain− Adaptive modulation and coding (AMC)
− Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and single-carrier frequency divisionmultiplexing (SC-FDM)
− Multiple-access and frame structure in up- and downlink
− Multiple-input multiple-output processing capabilities
• Signal processing at the receiver
• Enhancements introduced with LTE-A
Slide 7 / 23 Course Outline
Course Outline ctd.
Single and Multi-User MIMO Transmission
• Single-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) basics− Review of MIMO capacity
− Space and space-time/frequency precoding schemes
• Multi-user MIMO basics− MIMO multiple access channel (MC) and broadcast channel (BC)
− Multi-user MIMO transceiver architectures
• MIMO transmission with imperfect CSIT− CSI feedback strategies
− Performance limits with imperfect CSIT
− Multi-user MIMO with rate splitting
Slide 8 / 23 Course Outline
Course Outline ctd.
Single and Multi-User MIMO Transmission
• Single-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) basics− Review of MIMO capacity
− Space and space-time/frequency precoding schemes
• Multi-user MIMO basics− MIMO multiple access channel (MC) and broadcast channel (BC)
− Multi-user MIMO transceiver architectures
• MIMO transmission with imperfect CSIT− CSI feedback strategies
− Performance limits with imperfect CSIT
− Multi-user MIMO with rate splitting
Slide 8 / 23 Course Outline
Course Outline ctd.
Single and Multi-User MIMO Transmission
• Single-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) basics− Review of MIMO capacity
− Space and space-time/frequency precoding schemes
• Multi-user MIMO basics− MIMO multiple access channel (MC) and broadcast channel (BC)
− Multi-user MIMO transceiver architectures
• MIMO transmission with imperfect CSIT− CSI feedback strategies
− Performance limits with imperfect CSIT
− Multi-user MIMO with rate splitting
Slide 8 / 23 Course Outline
Course Outline ctd.
The MIMO Interference Channel
• Multiple-input single-output interference channel− Performance limits of the MISO IC and degrees of freedom (DoF)
− Transceiver architectures
• Multiple-input multiple-output interference channel− Interference alignment
− Coordinated multipoint transmission in LTE
Slide 9 / 23 Course Outline
Course Outline ctd.
Major Trends for 5th Generation Cellular Networks
• Enhanced multicarrier transmission schemes− Filtered OFDM
− Filterbank multicarrier modulation
− Generalized frequency division multiplexing
• Full dimension MIMO (FD-MIMO) and massive MIMO− Massive MIMO principles and theory
− FD-MIMO in LTE
• Further trends (millimeter waves, full duplex, machine-type communication)
Slide 10 / 23 Course Outline
History of UMTS/LTE
1G (analog)
A, B, C Netz
GSM
GPRS
EDGE
1991 1997 1998
Creation of the 3GPP
UMTS
HSPA
HSPA+
2G 3G
1999
LTE
LTE advanced
2009 20102004 2007
4G
5G
(ETSI)
• First generation (1G) cellular networks: analog telephony
• Second generation (2G) era: digital networks− GSM: circuit-switched, TDMA, FDD
− GPRS: packet-switched data traffic
− EDGE: max. 472 kbit/s through higher order modulation (8 PSK instead of GMSK)
− 200 kHz bandwidth
• Standardized by the ETSI
Slide 12 / 23 Course Motivation
History of UMTS/LTE (II)
1G (analog)
A, B, C Netz
GSM
GPRS
EDGE
1991 1997 1998
Creation of the 3GPP
UMTS
HSPA
HSPA+
2G 3G
1999
LTE
LTE advanced
2009 20102004 2007
4G
5G
(ETSI)
• Worldwide standardization: 3GPP
• UMTS: release 99− WCDMA, first release: 384 kbit/s
− 5 MHz bandwidth
• HSPA and HSPA+ (release 5 and 7)− Up to 4× 4 MIMO, up to 20 MHz (carrier aggregation)
− AMC⇒ 330 Mbit/s (release 11)
Slide 13 / 23 Course Motivation
History of UMTS/LTE (III)
1G (analog)
A, B, C Netz
GSM
GPRS
EDGE
1991 1997 1998
Creation of the 3GPP
UMTS
HSPA
HSPA+
2G 3G
1999
LTE
LTE advanced
2009 20102004 2007
4G
5G
(ETSI)
• UMTS LTE release 8 (3.5G)− OFDM, up to 4× 4 MIMO
− Up to 20 MHz, first release: 300 Mbit/s
• LTE advanced release 10 (4G)− Up to 8× 8 MIMO
− Up to 100 MHz⇒ > 1 Gbit/s
Slide 14 / 23 Course Motivation
Technology Utilization
201820172016201520142013201220112010
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
YearB
illio
n su
bcri
bers
Worldwide subcriptions (Source: Ericsson, June 2013)
LTEWCDMA/HSPAGSM/EDGECDMAothers
• GSM still dominates the market
• HSPA will likely become dominant in 2017
• LTE is gaining momentum
Slide 15 / 23 Course Motivation
Main Motivation for 4G LTE/LTE-A
201820172016201520142013201220112010
15
12
9
6
3
0
YearG
loba
l tra
ffic
[Exa
byte
s/m
onth
]
Global traffic voice and data (Source: Ericsson, June 2013)
Data: mobile PCs, tablets, mobile routersData: smartphonesVoice
Estimated growth of mobile traffic (1 Exabyte = 1018 bytes)
• Mobile data traffic in 2012 was twelve times the size of the Internet in 2000
• Smart phones represented only 18 percent of total global handsets in use in2012, but represented 92 percent of total global handset traffic
[Cisco Systems Inc., 2013, Ericsson, 2013]Slide 16 / 23 Course Motivation
5G – Why Yet Another Generation?• Development from 2G to 3G/4G was driven by the mobile phone
− Transition from telephony to data services
− Improvements in capacity, data rate, latency
• Prime goal of 5G: One network — many business cases
Enhanced MobileBroadband
Media & Entertainment
CriticalCommunications
eHealth, Energy
Massive MachineType Communications
Sensors, Location-awareness
Enterprise andIndustry
Industry 4.0, Network slicing
VehicularCommunications
Automotive
Slide 17 / 23 Course Motivation
5G – Why Yet Another Generation?• Development from 2G to 3G/4G was driven by the mobile phone
− Transition from telephony to data services
− Improvements in capacity, data rate, latency
• Prime goal of 5G: One network — many business casesEnhanced Mobile
BroadbandMedia & Entertainment
CriticalCommunications
eHealth, Energy
Massive MachineType Communications
Sensors, Location-awareness
Enterprise andIndustry
Industry 4.0, Network slicing
VehicularCommunications
Automotive
Slide 17 / 23 Course Motivation
5G – Why Yet Another Generation?• Development from 2G to 3G/4G was driven by the mobile phone
− Transition from telephony to data services
− Improvements in capacity, data rate, latency
• Prime goal of 5G: One network — many business cases
CriticalCommunications
eHealth, Energy
Massive MachineType Communications
Sensors, Location-awareness
Enterprise andIndustry
Industry 4.0, Network slicing
VehicularCommunications
Automotive
Enhanced MobileBroadband
Media & Entertainment
Slide 17 / 23 Course Motivation
5G – Why Yet Another Generation?• Development from 2G to 3G/4G was driven by the mobile phone
− Transition from telephony to data services
− Improvements in capacity, data rate, latency
• Prime goal of 5G: One network — many business casesEnhanced Mobile
BroadbandMedia & Entertainment
Massive MachineType Communications
Sensors, Location-awareness
Enterprise andIndustry
Industry 4.0, Network slicing
VehicularCommunications
Automotive
CriticalCommunications
eHealth, Energy
Slide 17 / 23 Course Motivation
5G – Why Yet Another Generation?• Development from 2G to 3G/4G was driven by the mobile phone
− Transition from telephony to data services
− Improvements in capacity, data rate, latency
• Prime goal of 5G: One network — many business casesEnhanced Mobile
BroadbandMedia & Entertainment
CriticalCommunications
eHealth, Energy
Enterprise andIndustry
Industry 4.0, Network slicing
VehicularCommunications
Automotive
Massive MachineType Communications
Sensors, Location-awareness
Slide 17 / 23 Course Motivation
5G – Why Yet Another Generation?• Development from 2G to 3G/4G was driven by the mobile phone
− Transition from telephony to data services
− Improvements in capacity, data rate, latency
• Prime goal of 5G: One network — many business casesEnhanced Mobile
BroadbandMedia & Entertainment
CriticalCommunications
eHealth, Energy
Massive MachineType Communications
Sensors, Location-awareness
VehicularCommunications
Automotive
Enterprise andIndustry
Industry 4.0, Network slicing
Slide 17 / 23 Course Motivation
5G – Why Yet Another Generation?• Development from 2G to 3G/4G was driven by the mobile phone
− Transition from telephony to data services
− Improvements in capacity, data rate, latency
• Prime goal of 5G: One network — many business casesEnhanced Mobile
BroadbandMedia & Entertainment
CriticalCommunications
eHealth, Energy
Massive MachineType Communications
Sensors, Location-awareness
Enterprise andIndustry
Industry 4.0, Network slicing
VehicularCommunications
Automotive
Slide 17 / 23 Course Motivation
5G – Why Yet Another Generation? (II)
Internet of Things (IoT)
• Interconnection of every-day devices(wearables, smart appliances/homes/. . . )
• Telepresence and -operation(physical-world web, tactile Internet)
• Autonomous information exchange⇒ Massive machine type communication (MTC)
1 Billion Connected Locati
ons
in 2
000
5 Billion Connected People in 2010
50 Billion Connected Devices by 2025
Slide 18 / 23 Course Motivation
5G – Multidimensional Objectives
Peak data rate
User exp. data rate
Spectrume�ciency
Area tra�ccapacity
Connectiondensity
Energye�ciency
Mobility
Latency
Reliability
Enhanced Mobile Broadband
Vehicular Comm
unications
Machine Type Communications
• Different applications map to different requirements
• Virtual network slicing to support individual key performance indicators
Slide 19 / 23 Course Motivation
5G Trend – Connected Vehicles
assisted driving
enhanced e�ciency and safetygrowing number of sensors
increasing information exchange
automated drivinghuman driving
DSRC/V2V
assisted V2V
sensing
V2P
V2I
high mobilitylow latencyhigh capacity
• Automated driving: advantages of information exchange− Expansion of sensing range (blind-spots, blockages)
− Higher level of traffic coordination (platooning, intersection scheduling)
− Better informed decisions in safety-relevant situations
• Yet, necessary dependence on communication must be avoided⇒ Details in lecture 389.177 Advanced Wireless Communications 3
Slide 20 / 23 Course Motivation
3GPP Roadmap towards 5G
LTE 3.5G
R8
LTE-A 4G
R10
2008 2011
R11
2013 2015
R12
2016
R13
CA - 5CC (100MHz)MIMO 8 streams20MHz
MIMO 4 streams
CoMP
FDD/TDD CAD2DDual connectivity
CA - 32CC (640MHz)FD-MIMONarrowband IoTLTE-U
3G Era 4G Development 4G Era 5G Development
2017
R14
2018
R15 R16
2020
IMT 2020
5G Era
5GLTE-A Pro
Slide 21 / 23 Course Motivation
3GPP Roadmap towards 5G
LTE + 5G Plug-Ins 5G New Radio NR
5GMaintain backwards compatibilityExisting spectrum below 3.5GHz
„Unrestricted“ play-ground (Non)-standalone
New spectrum below and above 3.5GHz
Interworking
1GHz 3GHz 10GHz 30GHz 100GHz
R14: latency - shorter TTI, instant UL LTE-U improvements FD-MIMO enhancements MTC, V2X
Channel modeling for >6GHzHot-spot capacity boostUltra-lean designMulti-site beamformingFlexible multicarrier
Slide 21 / 23 Course Motivation
institute of
telecommunications
5th Generation Wireless Technologies389.193 – Summer Term
Stefan Schwarz
[email protected] 6, 2016
Abbreviations I
3GPP third generation partnership project
AMC adaptive modulation and coding
BC broadcast channel
CLSM closed loop spatial multiplexing
CoMP coordinated multipoint transmission
CSI channel state information
DoF degrees of freedom
DSRC dedicated short range communication
EDGE enhanced data rates for GSM evolution
ETSI European telecommunications standard institute
FBMC filter bank multicarrier modulation
FDD frequency division duplex
FD-MIMO full dimension MIMO
GMSK Gaussian minimum shift keying
GPRS general packet radio service
GSM global system for mobile communications
HetNets heterogeneous networks
Slide 1 / 3 Abbreviations
Abbreviations IIHSPA high speed packet access
IA interference alignmentIC interference channel
LTE long-term evolutionMAC medium access control layer
MC multiple access channelMIMO multiple-input multiple-output
mmWave millimeter waveOFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexingOLSM open loop spatial multiplexing
PHY physical layerPSK phase shift keying
SC-FDM single-carrier frequency division multiplexingTDMA time division multiple access
TxD transmit diversityUMTS universal mobile telecommunications system
V2I vehicle to infrastructureV2P vehicle to pedestrianV2V vehicle to vehicle
WCDMA wideband code division multiple access
Slide 2 / 3 Abbreviations
References I
3GPP (2010).Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical layer procedures(Release 10).[Online]. Available: http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/html-info/36213.htm.
3GPP (2014).Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical Channels andModulation (Release 12).[Online]. Available: http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/html-info/36211.htm.
Cisco Systems Inc. (2013).Cisco visual networking index: forecast update, 2012-2017.white paper.
Ericsson (2013).Ericsson mobility report.white paper.
Slide 3 / 3 References