SULPHURIC ACID

By the end of the topic, students should be able to:□ State the uses of sulphur dioxide.□ Describe the manufacture ofsulphuric acid by the Contact Process.□ Describe the acid properties of sulphuric acid.□ State some important uses of sulphuric acid.

Please tick in the box if you can do the above.

PROPERTIES AND USES OF SULPHUR DIOXIDE Property 1:-Sulphur dioxide bleaches coloured compounds by removing oxygen from them.

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Use based from Property 1:- As a bleaching agent. Used to bleach wood pulp which is important in the manufacture of paper.

Property 2:- Sulphur dioxide is poisonous to all organisms, especially bacteria.

Use based from Property 2:- As a food preservative. In the food industry, sulphur dioxide is added to food in small amounts prevent the growth of moulds and bacteria.

MANUFACTURE OF SULPHURIC ACID Sulphuric acid is one of the most widely used. It is, after all, the

cheapest and most readily available strong acid.

Sulphuric acid is manufactured by the Contact Process. This is summarized in the flow chart.

The diagram below shows the flow of Contact Process.

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PROPERTIES OF DILUTE SULPHURIC ACID

1) Ions in the acid

What are the ions in sulphuric acid?_______________________________________________________

2) Reaction with metals(Note: Copper and silver do not react with sulphuric acid)

What are the products when metals react with sulphuric acid?

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Write a balance equation showing a reaction between a metal and sulphuric acid.

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3) Reaction with carbonates

What are the products when carbonates react with sulphuric acid?

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Write a balance equation showing a reaction between a carbonate and sulphuric acid.

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4) Reaction with metal oxides and hydroxides (bases)

What are the products when metal oxides or hydroxides react with sulphuric acid?

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Write a balance equation showing a reaction between a hydroxide and sulphuric acid.

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5) Types of salts produced with alkalis

Give an example of an alkali. ___________________

Name two salts that will be form from the given example of alkali that you have given when you react it with sulphuric acid.

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6) Effect on indicators

What is the effect of sulphuric acid on litmus paper and Universal Indicator?

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USES OF SULPHURIC ACID

1) Manufacture of fertilizers

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The most important use of sulphuric acid is in manufacturing fertilizers such as ammonium sulphate, (NH4)2SO4 and superphosphate.

Write down the equation when ammonium sulphate is formed from sulphuric acid and ammonia.

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Superphosphate is manufactured by reacting the raw material, calcium phosphate Ca3(PO4)2, with concentrated sulphuric acid. The product is called superphosphate because it is a combination of two calcium salts.

Write down the equation when calcium phosphate react with sulphuric acid.

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2) Manufacture of detergents

Concentrated sulphuric acid is also used to manufacture detergents. It is used to treat compounds called hydrocarbons to first form an organic acid.

Hydrocarbon + concentrated sulphuric acid organic acid

The organic acid is then neutralized with sodium hydroxide solution to produce the detergent.

Organic acid + sodium hydroxide detergent

3) As battery acid in cars Dilute sulphuric acid is used in batteries for cars. Lead plates and

lead (IV) oxide plates are also fitted in the batteries.

When sulphuric acid, lead and lead (IV) oxide react, electrical energy is produced. The electrical energy starts the car engine running.

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4) Other uses of Sulphuric Acid

Sulphuric acid is also used for making synthetic fibres and for making paints and pigments.

Please proceed to do exercise from: WORKSHEET 1WORKSHEET 2WORKSHEET 3

WORKSHEET 1

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WORKSHEET 2

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WORKSHEET 3

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