Bell RingerBell Ringer

1.1. Which President had a more Which President had a more forgiving reconstruction plan?forgiving reconstruction plan?

2.2. Why was his plan so loose?Why was his plan so loose?

Congressional ReconstructionCongressional Reconstruction• Black Codes: Black Codes: – Laws passed to restrict Laws passed to restrict

the rights of freedmen.the rights of freedmen.

• Land RestrictionsLand Restrictions• CurfewsCurfews• Vagrancy lawsVagrancy laws• Labor contractsLabor contracts

1414thth Amendment Amendment• Congress is frustrated over the South’s resistance Congress is frustrated over the South’s resistance

to Civil Rights so they take matters into their own to Civil Rights so they take matters into their own hands.hands.

• Read the section titled “The Fourteenth Read the section titled “The Fourteenth Amendment” on page 207 in your text book and Amendment” on page 207 in your text book and answer the following questions in your notes:answer the following questions in your notes:

1.1. What did the 14What did the 14thth Amendment do? Amendment do?2.2. How are the 14How are the 14thth Amendment and black codes Amendment and black codes

related?related?

Radical Rule of the SouthRadical Rule of the South• Radical Republicans thought Johnson’s treatment of Radical Republicans thought Johnson’s treatment of

the South was too generous.the South was too generous.• Strict laws imposed on South (See pg 208)Strict laws imposed on South (See pg 208)

1.1. Put South under military rule by districts.Put South under military rule by districts.2.2. Ordered Southern states to form new governments.Ordered Southern states to form new governments.3.3. Required states to allow all men to vote.Required states to allow all men to vote.4.4. Temporarily barred CSA supporters from voting.Temporarily barred CSA supporters from voting.5.5. Required states to guarantee equal rights for all.Required states to guarantee equal rights for all.6.6. Required all states to ratify the 14Required all states to ratify the 14thth Amendment. Amendment.

Congress vs. Johnson• Radical Republicans led by Charles

Sumner (Guy who got caned)• Johnson wanted to fire Stanton, who was

appointed to rule the Southern military zones.– This was against the rules! Senate must

approve the firing!

• Johnson impeached: Formally accused of wrong doing.

• First President to be impeached.

Ulysses S. Grant

• Grant elected in 1868.

• Grant supported by Radical Republicans

• President and Congress finally allies and not enemies.

15th Amendment

• “No citizen may be denied the right to vote by the United States, or any State, on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.”

• In other words: African Americans can vote now.

• Why is this important to African Americans?• How will this impact US politics?

Electing Black Leaders• Thanks to the 15th Amendment

and military support, black citizens were able to vote in 1870.

• Angry whites stayed home in protest.

• 600 African Americans elected to state legislatures.

• In SC, there was an African American majority!

• Key Question: Why did most African Americans vote Republican?

The Republican South• Carpetbaggers: Northern

Republicans who moved to the post-war South.

• Scalawags: White Southern Republicans.

• Both carpetbaggers and scalawags were criticized by former Confederate supporters.

Class Review1. How were black codes and the 14th Amendment related?

2. How did the Radical Republicans treat the South?

3. What does impeachment mean?

4. Which President was supported by the Radical Republicans?

5. What did the 15th Amendment do for freed slaves?