TAHAPAN-TAHAPAN DALAM PROSES PERENCANAAN

Oleh :DR. Ir. Firmansyah, MT.

JURUSAN TEKNIK PLANOLOGIUNIVERSITAS PASUNDAN

2

Pengertian inilah kemudian yang menjadi landasan dasar pengembangan proses perencanaan selanjutnya. Proses perencanaan yang pada hakekatnya berdasar kepada rangkaian tertutup ini kemudian berkembang sesuai dengan lingkup perencanaan yang dengan sendirinya pula sesuai dengan materi masukan (input), sumber daya dan teknologi yang dipakai di dalam pengembangan proses untuk mencapai tujuan tertentu.

ATAU

DATA SEBAGAI MASUKAN ( INPUT )

SINTESA SEBAGAI KELU ARAN OUTPUT

FAKTA ANALISIS PERENCANAAN

RENCANA

PROSES ANALISIS

UMPAN BALIK

( FEED BACK )

EVALUASI RENCANA

The system design planning process

Problem definition

Requirements for solutionGoals-Objectivities

Generation of alternativesData –methods-Forecast

Evaluation of alternatives

Selection of best alternatives

Implementation

Problem DefinitionMost important because it says that users with the present operation of the urban system (or expected to be dissatisfied if the process continues as observed) and want to see a better management of the functioning of the urban system in the future

Requirements for solution a broad step, encompasses several important stages requires understanding of urban system as it currently exists,

on-going process, never fully completed formulate goals and objectives for the urban system

Goals are broad in scope, whileObjectives more specific

Example :Goals to improve access and reduce congestionObjectives to provide express bus lanes and service in major

travel corridors.5 set of goals (John Levy) :1. Political goals2. Economic goals3. Social goals4. Environmental goals5. Redistributive goals

Generation of alternativesa set of alternative plans offering various courses of action should strongly reflect the goals and objectives from the previous step (2)

4.3 Teknik Analisis

4.3.1 Analisis Kesesuaian Lahan

1. Superimpose/Pertampalan Peta2. Buffering/Distance

1. Metoda Rank Size RulePr = P1/rqKeterangan :r = ranking / tingkatan kecamatan.Pr = jumlah penduduk kecamatan dgn ranking /tingkatan ke r.P1 = jumlah penduduk kecamatan terbesar (penduduk terbesar).q = merupakan pangkat yang biasanya mendekati 1.

2. Metoda Skalogram Guttman 3. Metoda Indeks Sentralitas Terbobot

4.3.2 Analisis Penentuan Pusat-pusat Pelayanan

1. Metoda Regresi Linear2. Metoda Bunga Berganda

4.3.3 Analisis Proyeksi Penduduk

A. Teknik Economic BaseB. Teknik Shift-share

4.3.4 Analisis Perekonomian

Analisis Sistem Pusat-Pusat Permukiman

4.3.5 Analisis Transportasi 1. Aksesibilitas2. Bangkitan Pergerakan (Trip Generation)3. Sebaran Pergerakan (Trip Distribution)4. Pemilihan Moda Transportasi (Modal Choice atau Modal Split)5. Pemilihan Rute (Route Choice atau Trip Assignment)

4.3.6 Analisis Kebutuhan Sarana dan Prasarana

1. Pedoman standar lingkungan permukiman kota (DPMB, DPU).2. Pedoman standar pembangunan perumahan sederhana (DPMB, DPU).

Evaluation of alternatives to ascertain what would happen if an alternative

were implemented sometimes, this is done by observing what has

happened in another city where such an alternative has already been tried out unique need professional judgement modelling

Selection of the best alternativesmethod : Benefit Cost Analysis (BCA) Planning Balance Sheet Goal Attainment Matrix

TERIMA KASIH