28 Sept. 2010

28 Sept. 2010

Take out homework: Lab report! Objective: SWBAT differentiate

between matter and non-matter, and physical and chemical properties and changes.

Do now: How many grams are in 4500 kilograms? Check for the correct number of significant figures.

Directions

1. Classify these words into TWO groups.

2. Give a name to each group.3. Add one more example to each

group.4. Raise your hand when you are

done.SWBAT differentiate between matter and non-matter, and physical and chemical properties and changes.

Agenda

I. Do nowII. Homework checkIII. Matter and Changes Notes,

Examples and DemoIV. Pre-labHomework: Week 4 Homework p. 1Read lab worksheet

SWBAT differentiate between matter and non-matter, and physical and chemical properties and changes.

Announcements

Bring a calculator to every class I will let you know when you need

your book


Using Sig. Fig. to help you round

Ex 1) How many meters are equal to 4560 kilometers?

Ex 2) How many liters are equal to 4.610 milliliters?

Complete the bottom of the Sig. Fig. and Rounding Classwork #2 a and b


Toothpaste Electricity A star Juice Sound The ocean Fear Peanut

butter

Saliva Helium Democracy Car exhaust Gasoline Paper Bacteria A cell Wisdom Heat

Dog Wind Atoms Soil DNA Clouds batteries


Share our classifications How would a chemist classify these

words?


MATTER AND CHANGES

Matter: has volume (takes up space), and has mass Examples of matter? Is air matter? How do you know? Matter can be solid, liquid or gas

Mass - amount of matter an object contains


Air Takes up space demo

Anyone who can come up with a way to demonstrate that air has mass will earn 2 extra credit points towards their quiz!


chemistry: the study of matter and changes to matter


Physical Property – a characteristic that can be observed

without changing the substance’s composition.

Examples:Color SolubilityOdor HardnessDensity Melting pointBoiling pointSWBAT differentiate between matter and non-matter, and physical and chemical

properties and changes.

Physical change: A change that does not alter the

chemical composition rearranges molecules but doesn't

affect their internal structures. Some examples of physical change are:

Examples: boiling water dissolving sugar in water dicing potatoes

Chemical change: any change that results in the formation

of new substances. - making or breaking of bonds between atoms.

Examples:gasoline burning

- eggs cookingbread rising

- milk souringSWBAT differentiate between matter and non-matter, and physical and chemical properties and changes.

Ways you can tell a chemical reaction has occurred:

Energy is absorbed or given offHeatLightSound

Production of solid or gas from a liquid

(also happens with physical changes in states of matter)

ColorOdorBubbles

Chemical Property – properties of matter that can only be

observed through a chemical change Ex. Whether or not acid can corrode a

certain metal Ex. Whether sugar reacts with sulfuric

acid


29 Sept. 2010

Homework: Week 4 p. 1 Objective: SWBAT differentiate

between matter and non-matter, and physical and chemical properties and changes.

Do now: Give one example each for: a. physical property b. physical change c. chemical change

Agenda

I. Do nowII. Homework checkIII. Finish physical and chemical

change notesIV. Lab!V. Lab conclusion questions (due at

end of period)Homework: none

Announcement

There will be a professional photographer in the room this period. Taking photos for the website and

fund raising materials. Just do your lab, and forget that she

is here!!

Chemical or Physical Change?1. burning paper2. folding a piece of paper3. the reaction of KI and

Pb(NO3)2

4. combustion of gasoline5. hammering gold into a

ring6. cutting a diamond7. acid rain “melting” a

statue8. a pile of old iron rusting9. separating water into H

and O by using electricitySWBAT differentiate between matter and non-matter, and physical and chemical properties and changes.

Write down one unique example of a physical change you see at school.


Write down one unique example of a chemical change you see in your neighborhood.


Pre-lab

New equipment What to expect Where to pick up materials and

equipment

Physical and Chemical Properties Lab

Work with your group of 4. Follow directions exactly and carefully. All materials and equipment are at the front

two tables: take only what you need. If there is only one of something, use it at the

reagent table. Clean up, then answer the questions when

you complete the lab. Due at the end of the period.

WEAR GOGGLES AT ALL TIMES.

Homework

None

30 Sept. 2010

Grab your clicker! Objective: SWBAT identify

characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.

Do now: Describe one chemical change from your lab yesterday. How do you know it was a chemical change? Be specific.

Agenda

I. Do nowII. Notes on States of Matter and

TransitionsIII. Clicker Practice!Homework: Week 4 Homework p. 2Bring your textbook tomorrow!

What do all of these things have in common?

Dihydrogen monoxide

H2O

FIXED VOLUMEFIXED SHAPE

FIXED VOLUME

NO FIXED SHAPE

TAKES SHAPE AND VOLUME OF

CONTAINER!

slow particle movement fast particle movement

States of Matterlow temperatures high temperatures

Solid Liquid Gas

State Shape Volume Density Particle motion

Forces

solid definite (fixed)

definite high slight vibration

liquid not definite

definite high medium

gas not definite

not definite

low, variable

very, very fast


Which state of matter…has a fixed volume and shape?

1 2 3

89%

11%

0%

1. Solid2. Liquid3. Gas

SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.

Which state of matter…has no fixed volume or shape?

1 2 3

0%

94%

6%



Which state of matter…has fixed volume but no fixed shape?

1 2 3

0% 0%

100%1. Solid2. Liquid3. Gas


Which state of matter…takes the size and shape of its container?

1 2 3

5%

63%

32%



Which state of matter…takes the shape but not the size of its container?

1 2 3

0% 0%



Which state of matter…can be compressed into a smaller volume?

1 2 3

21%

79%

0%



Which state of matter…exists at lower temperatures?

1 2 3

95%

5%0%



Which state of matter…has medium particle movement?

1 2 3

0% 0%



Which state of matter…has particles that vibrate slightly?

1 2 3

95%

5%0%



States of Matter and Transitions(Phases)

SOLID

LIQUID GAS

SU

BLIM

ATIO

N

EVAPORATION

FRE

EZI

NG

CONDENSATION

MEL

TIN

G DE

PO

SITIO

N


4 Oct. 2010

Take Out Homework: Week 4 Homework Objective: SWBAT review and apply

vocabulary related to matter, classifying matter and separating mixtures.

Do now: What classification of matter can’t be separated physically, but can be separated chemically? Give one example of this.

Agenda

I. Do nowII. Finish notes on temperature and KEIII. Check Week 4 HomeworkIV. Review matter, classifying matter

and separating mixtures vocabularyV. Chromatography demonstrationVI. Vocab PictionaryHomework: Week 5 Homework p. 1-3

Kinetic Theory

Why does temperature change the state of matter?

Kinetic Theory: all matter is made of particles that are always moving.

Temperature: - a measurement of Kinetic Energy

(how fast particles are moving)- Measured in degrees Celsius or in

Kelvin (which we will get to later)

Absolute zero – the temperature at which all movement of particles stops

- This has never been reached

Different states of matter have different amounts of kinetic energy Solid low Liquid medium Gas highest

Solid Liquid Gas

low kinetic energy (KE) high kinetic energy (KE)


In any sample of matter, two forces are competing Bond forces are trying to hold the

molecules together Kinetic energy is trying to pull the

molecules apart Sometimes, Kinetic energy can

overcome bond forces


Bond forces hold particles together. Kinetic energy may be great enough

to break bonds between particles (in a gas)


State Shape Volume Density

Particle motion

Forces

solid definite (fixed)

definite high slight vibration

Greater than KE

liquid not definite

definite high medium Similar to KE

gas not definite

not definite

low, varia-ble

very, very fast

Much less than KE


Which transition?Ice turns into water


1 2 3 4

0% 0%0%0%

1. Freezing2. Melting3. Evaporating4. Deposition

10

Which transition?Water turns into steam


1 2 3 4

0% 0%0%0%


10

Which transition?Water turns into ice


1 2 3 4

0% 0%0%0%


10

Which transition?Water vapor turns into rain in clouds


1 2 3 4

0% 0%0%0%

1. Evaporation2. Deposition3. Sublimation4. Condensation

10

Which transition?Water boils and turns into steam


1 2 3 4

0% 0%0%0%


10

Which transition?An ice cube looks like it’s making steam


1 2 3 4

0% 0%0%0%


10

Which transition?Cream and sugar turns into ice cream


1 2 3 4

0% 0%0%0%


10

Which transition?Snow turns directly into water vapor


1 2 3 4

0% 0%0%0%


10

Which state of matter?Has the strongest bond forces?


1 2 3

0% 0%0%


10

Which state of matter?Has the highest kinetic energy?


1 2 3

0% 0%0%


10

Which state of matter?Takes the shape but not the size of its container?


1 2 3

0% 0%0%


10

Which state of matter?Has bond forces similar to its kinetic energy?


1 2 3

0% 0%0%


10

Which state of matter?Has a definite size and shape.


1 2 3

0% 0%0%


10


Which state…1. Has the lowest Kinetic Energy?2. Has very strong bond forces?3. Has the highest Kinetic Energy?4. Has bonds that are broken most

easily?5. Has bond forces similar to its

Kinetic Energy?

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28 Sept. 2010