2.08.02-89_EN(Public Buildings and Structures)

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CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS & REGULATIONS (SNiP)

PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES

SNiP 2.08.02-89*

DEVELOPED by the Architectural Research Center of Public and Industrial Buildings and Structures

of GosComArchitechtura - the State Committee for Architecture (Yu.A. Sharonov, V.I. Podol'skiy);

Central Research Institute (TSNIIEP) for Experimental Design of Educational Buildings of the

GosComArchitechtura (Cand. Archit. A.М. Garnets, Cand. Tech. Sc. Z.I. Estrov - subject supervisors;

Dr. Archit. V.I. Stepanov; Cand. Archit. G.N. Tsytovich, Ye.B. Dvorkina, S.F. Naumov, N.N.

Shchetinina; Tech. Sci. Cand. P.Ye. Gherke; V.S. Volman); TSNIIEP for Town Renewal of theGosComArchitechtura (Tech. Sc. Cand. Ye.D. Agranovski; Cand. Archit. G.Z. Potashnikova; A.B.

Varshaver, N.A. Karpova, N.G. Konstantinova, T.S. Maksimova); TSNIIEP For Health Resort &

Tourist Buildings and Complexes of the GosComArchitechtura (Cand. Archit. V.V. Gusev, Ye.M.

Liberman, M.I. Maghidina; T.B. Isachenko, N.S. Kolbayeva); TSNIIEP n.a. B.S. Mezentsev of the

GosComArchitechtura (Tech. Sc. Dr. V.I. Travush, Cand. Archit. G.A. Muradov, V.V. Lazarev, E.I.

Okuneva; D.A. Gal'pern, A.P. Golubinskiy, I.S. Shveitser), TSNIIEP for Rural Civil Engineering of

the GosComArchitechtura (Dr. Archit. S.B. Moiseyeva; Cand. Archit. M.Yu. Limonad), TSNIIEP for Engineering Equipment of the GosComArchitechtura (Candidates of Technical Sciences L.M.

Zusmanovich, G.V. Kamenskaya, M.D. Ternopol'skiy; V.S. Grigoryev, L.I. Vaisman, T.Ye. Gorovaya,

N.G. Grigoryev, O.G. Loodeus, Yu.M. Sosner), State Design & Research Institute (GiproNII) of the

Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R. (Cand. of Archit. D.A. Metan'yev, Yu.I. Lyamin, M.A.Fel'dman); State Design & Research Institute for Health Sector (GiproNIIZdrav) of the Ministry of

Health of the U.S.S.R. (Cand. of Archit. A.P. Moiseyenko; Cand. of Med. Sc. A.I. Arbakov; V.A.

Mostovoy, V.A. Turupov, M.S. Dobrovol'skaya) with the participation of State Design & Research

Institute for Higher School (GiproVuz) of State Committee for Education (Gosobrazovaniya) of the

U.S.S.R.; State Design & Research Institute for Theatre (GiproTeatr) of the Ministry of Culture of the

U.S.S.R.; "Liftmash” NPO (R&D Association); V.V. Kuibyshev MISI [Moscow V.V. Kuibyshev CivilEngineering Institute]; VNIIPO of the Ministry of the Interior of the U.S.S.R., National Child and

Teenager Hygienics Research Institute and the Sysin General and Community Hygienics Research

Institute of the Ministry of Health of the U.S.S.R., F.F. Erisman Hygienics Research Institute of theMinistry of Health of the R.S.F.S.R.; the Aeroproject of the MGA (Ministry of Civil Aviation) of the

U.S.S.R.

Section 4. Accessibility Requirements for visitors with physical disability.

Developed by GUP «Research & Design Institute for Educational, Trade and Recreational Buildings(Public Buildings Institute)» (former TSNIIEP for educational buildings (supervisor Cand. of Archit.

A.M. Garnets).

Submitted by the Standardization, Specifications and Certification Division of the State Committee for

Construction (Gosstroy) of Russia.

Prepared for approval by the Architecture Division (V.A. Tsvetkov, N.N. Yakimova) and by theStandardization, Specifications and Certification Division (L.A. Viktorova) of the Gosstroy of Russia

and by the Invalids' Social Protection and Rehabilitation Division (Yu.V. Kolosov) of the Ministry of

Labour and Social Development of the Russian Federation.

INTRODUCED by the GosComArchitechtura.

PREPARED FOR APPROVAL by the GosComArchitechtura (Cand. of Tech. Sci. V.I. Vanyukhin,

I.M. Arkharov).

The SNiP 2.08.02-89* is a re-publication of the SNiP 2.08.02-89 with revisions № 1, 2approved by Resolution № 26 of June 28, 1991, of the Gosstroy of the U.S.S.R., and

Resolution № 18-12 of April 30, 1993, of the Gosstroy of Russia.

There has been Revision No. 3 approved by the Gosstroy of Russia's Resolution of January



26, 1999, effective March 12, 1999.

The clauses and tables revised are marked in the present Building Codes and Regulations byasterisks.

A normative document shall be used in conformity with the approved revisions of theConstruction Norms and Regulations and of federal standards published in the “Bulleten' stroitel'noy techniki”(Civil Engineering Newsletter) and in “Gosudarstvenny'ye standarty”(State Standards) information guide.

Construction Norms andRegulations

SNiP of 2.08.02-89*U.S.S.R. Federal Committee for Construction(Gosstroy of the U.S.S.R.) Public Buildings and

Structures

replacing

SNiP of 2.08.02-85

The present codes and regulations shall apply to the design of public buildings (up to and

including 16 floor high) and structures, and also of in-built public accommodations inresidential buildings. Designing in-built and in-built/lean-to public accommodations shalllikewise be guided by the SNiP of 2.08.01-89.

Locating production floor-areas and storerooms other than those provided for by the design of

a building or structure is not allowed.

A list of groups of public buildings, complexes and structures is given in the recommendedAppendix 1*.

Definitions of terms are given in the mandatory Appendix 2*.

1. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

1.1*. The calculation rules for the total, usable, and design areas, the amount of constructionwork, the site area and the number of stories are given in the mandatory Appendix 3*.

1.2*. The downward departure from area standards for separate rooms or groups of roomsand rooms in residential buildings shall not exceed 5 % and 15%, respectively.

1.3.* In designing of public buildings, groups of rooms or individual rooms of public use and,in accordance with the Design Statement of Work, accessible to the disabled and other handicapped visitors (spectators, shoppers, students, etc.), the requirements of Section 4thereof and SP 32-101 “Public Buildings and Facilities Accessibility Requirements of Disabled and Other Handicapped Visitors” shall be met.

1.4. The floor-to-ceiling height of rooms in public buildings and living rooms of sanatoriumsshall be specified to be at least 3 m, and that of living rooms of other public buildings –

according to SNiP 2.08.01-89. The floor-to-ceiling height of basic rooms of bath houses and baths/hygienic complexes for 100 and more visitors shall be specified to be at least 3.3 m,and that of laundry and dry-cleaner workrooms – at least 3.6 m.

Notes: 1. A reasonable decrease in the floor-to-ceiling height of some serving rooms and corridors

is acceptable, depending on a special arrangement of the buildings and technological requirements.

In this case, the floor-to-ceiling height shall be at least 1.9 m.

2. The floor-to-ceiling height of rooms in public buildings accommodating up to 40 persons and

that of retail centers having sales area of up to 250 m2 may be equal to height of rooms in dwelling

houses.

3. If ceilings are inclined or room parts differ in height, the minimum requirement shall be applied



to the mean (effective) floor-to-ceiling height. The floor-to-ceiling height in any point shall be at

least 2.5 m.

1.5*. The height of crawl-floors shall be specified in each particular case depending on typeand operating conditions of engineering equipment and utility networks installed on the floor.The height of walkways for attending personnel shall be at least 1.8 m as measured to lower

parts of protruding structures.

While designing crawl floors (crawl spaces) only for utilities with pipelines and pipinginsulation made of noncombustible materials, the minimum acceptable floor-to-ceiling heightshall be 1.6 m.

1.6. The port-cocheres shall be at least 3.5 m wide (clear span) and 4.25 m high.

This requirement does not apply to the ground-level or 1st floor-level gates (for pedestrians

and other, but not for passage of fire trucks) through buildings and structures.

1.7. The level of building’s entry-space floor shall be at least 0.15 m above that of sidewalk atthe building entrance.

The entry-space floor's level may be less than 0.15 m above sidewalk (and even below thesidewalk level) provided the entry space is protected against precipitation.

1.8. Rooms in public building which are allowed to be placed on basement and ground floors

are listed in the mandatory Appendix 4*. Public facilities to be positioned fully or mainlyunderground shall be designed under special Design Statements of Work.

1.9. Some public buildings indicated on maps of civil defense facilities shall have double- purpose rooms according to SNiP II-11-77*.

1.10. Workshops, store rooms and other premises to be used for keeping or processing of combustible materials in accordance with the Design Statement of Work shall not be positioned under the lecture and assembly halls of pre-school, school, boarding-school bedroom, hospital, and sanatorium dormitories or on their basement and ground floors. Ski-storage rooms shall not be positioned directly under bedrooms.

1.11*. The utility crawl spaces shall be equipped with escapes (manholes or doors of min.0.6х0.6 m).

1.12. At least two manholes or windows 0.9 m wide and 1.2 m high shall be provided for ineach section of the basement or ground floors (located below 0.5 m under ground level),

unless otherwise specified by SNiP II-11-77* (*See Table 7 for cinemas and clubs; clause1.42 for covered sports facilities; Table 6 for schools.). Such section shall not exceed 700 m2

in area.

1.13. Ventilation chambers and pump rooms, engine rooms of refrigerating plants, heatdistribution rooms and other rooms where noise- and vibration-producing equipment isinstalled shall not be positioned adjacent to, above, or under lecture or rehearsal halls, stages,

audio control rooms, study halls, hospital wards, consulting and operating rooms, rooms for pre-school children, training centers, workrooms and offices were people is permanently present, and living rooms in public buildings.



NUMBER OF STORIES IN PUBLIC BUILDINGS,

FIRE-RESISTANCE DEGREE OF BUILDINGS

AND THEIR PARTS

1.14*. Depending on the number of stories and the fire-resistance degree, the floor area between the type 1 firewalls shall not exceed the values set forth in Table 1 or, for publicservice buildings, in Table 2* and, for shops, in Table 3.

Table 1*

Floor area (m2) between firewallsFire-resistance

degree

Maximum

number of

storiesSingle-floor

building

Double-floor

building

3-5 floor

building

6-9 floor

building

10-16 floor

building

I 16 6000 5000 5000 5000 2500

II 16 6000 4000 4000 4000 2200

III 5 3000 2000 2000 --- ---

IIIa and IIIb 1* 2500 --- --- --- ---

IV 2 2000 1400 --- --- ---

IV 1 800 --- --- --- ---

V 2 1200 800 --- --- ---

1.15*. The guards of passageways between buildings (blocks) and the main building (block)

shall be of the same fire-resistance degree. Noncombustible materials shall be used for pedestrian and communication tunnels. Walls of buildings in points where passageways andtunnels are connected to them shall be made of noncombustible materials having at least 2hfire-resistance. The type 2 fire doors shall be used for passing to the passageways and tunnels.

*Notes: 1. The floor area between firewalls in buildings of fire-resistance degree I and II which areequipped with automatic fire extinguishing units may be increased no more than twice.

2.Inner wooden walls and partitions and ceilings in the buildings of fire-resistance degree V which areused as pre-schools, schools, boarding schools, hospitals and outpatient polyclinics, children's summer

camps, and clubs (except single-floor club buildings with walls made of round logs or squared beams)shall be plastered or coated with fire retardant paints or varnishes.

3. The floor area between firewalls in single-storey buildings having a double floor area being less than15 % of the total building area shall be the same as in single-storey buildings.

4. In railway station buildings, the two water-drencher curtains located 0.5 m apart and capable of atleast 1 l/sec per one m of curtain length are acceptable instead of firewalls. The time of operation of such curtains shall be at least 1 hour.

5. The area between firewalls in the airport buildings of fire-resistance degree I may be increased up to10,000 m2, unless on their basement (ground) floors are any storerooms (except baggage offices andstaff cloakrooms) containing combustible materials. In this case, toilets on basement and ground stories

may communicate with the first storey via open stairways, and luggage offices and cloakrooms – viaseparate enclosed stairways. The luggage offices (except those with automatic cells) and cloakroomsshall be separated from the rest of basement space by the Type 1 firewalls and equipped withautomatic fire extinguishers; and control rooms shall have fire partitions.

6. No limits shall be set for the floor area between firewalls in airport buildings provided they areequipped with automatic fire extinguishers.

7. The fire resistance of attached sheds, terraces, and galleries as well as service rooms and otherbuildings and structures separated by firewalls may be one degree less than fire resistance of thebuildings they are attached to.

8. Gyms, skating rinks, and swimming pool halls (either having seats for spectators or not) as well astraining rooms at swimming pools and the firing space of roofed shooting ranges (including thoselocated under grandstands or built-in into other public buildings) exceeds the values of Table 1, the

firewalls shall be provided for to separate such halls (or firing space with the associated shooting range,in case of shooting ranges) from other rooms. Instead of the firewalls the translucent fire partitions of type 2 are acceptable for vestibules and lobbies with the area exceeding the values set in Table 1.



Table 2*Fire-resistance degree of

building

Maximum number of stories Floor area, m2, between building

firewalls

I, II

III

IIIa, IIIb

IV, IVa, and V

6

2

1

1

2500

1000

1000

500

________________________ Note. The area between firewalls in the buildings of fire-resistance degree I and II which areequipped with automatic fire extinguishers may be increased but no more than twice.

Table 31

Floor area (m2) between firewallsFire-resistance

degree of building

Maximum

number of

floorsSingle-floor

buildings

Double-floor

buildings

3-5-floor buildings

I, II

III

IIIa, IIIb

IV, IVa and V

5

2

1

1

3500

2000

1000

500

3000

1000

---

---

2500

---

---

---

1.16. Auditoriums, assembly halls, conference rooms, and sports halls shall be located onfloors in accordance with Table 4.

Table 42

Fire-resistance degree of

building

Number of seats in auditorium or

assembly hall

Highest floor of location

I, II up to 300 16

over 300 to 600 5

" 600 3

III up to 300 3

over 300 to 600 2

IIIa, IV, V up to 300 1

IIIb " 500 1

IVa " 100 1

1.17. Both the maximum occupancy rate and the maximum number of stories of general- purpose pre-school buildings shall be calculated using Table 5 depending on the degree of fire-resistance of these buildings.

Table 5Building occupancy rate Fire-resistance degree of building Number of stories

Up to 50

" 100

" 150" 350

IV, V, IIIa

IIIb

IIII, II

I

I

22,3 (see par. 1.18)

1 Notes: 1. The floor area between the type 1 firewalls in the food-shop and supermarket single-floor

buildings of fire-resistance degree IIIa and IIIb may be doubled, provided the sales area is separatedfrom the other shop spaces by the type 2 firewall.2. The floor area between firewalls in the buildings that are of fire-resistance degree I and II andequipped with automatic fire extinguishers may be increased no more than twice.3. The height of the shop buildings that are of fire-resistance degree I and II and have store, office,serving, and amenity rooms on their upper floors may be increased by one storey.

2 Notes: 1. In determining the highest floor where auditoriums or halls with a sloping floor can be

located, the floor level at the first row of seats shall be assumed to be the floor elevation.

2. In the school and boarding-school buildings of fire-resistance degree III, assembly (lecture) hallsshall be located not higher than at the second floor. Floors of assembly (lecture) halls shall be Type 2fire resistant.



1.18*. Pre-school buildings having up to three stories shall be of at least fire-resistancedegree II, regardless of their occupancy rate. They may be built in towns and other localities(except seismic areas) served by the paramilitary fire departments of the Ministry of InternalAffairs of Russia, provided the following requirements are met:

the second floor shall be reserved only for senior groups of children (in the sub-zones IA, IBand IG and the climatic zone IV as approved by local sanitary supervision authorities); for

music classes and gums as well as for amenity rooms and promenade verandas. Separateescapes to two staircases shall be provided for each group of rooms on the second and third

floor. The corridors connecting staircases shall be separated by Type 3 fire doors to ensurefree escape from each group of rooms to different corridor compartments. The groups of rooms shall have smoke-proof doors.

1.19. The pre-school buildings shall be of at least fire-resistance degree II and have maximumtwo floors irrespective of their occupancy rate.

1.20*. If a building houses a pre-school and a primary or low-attendance school (or livingrooms of school staff), the pre-school's rooms shall have separate exits to the outside; escapesfrom other rooms shall not run through the pre-school's rooms.

In a building with occupancy rate of over 50 (or in a building with occupancy rate of less then50 which accommodates a pre-school for more than 25 children), the pre-school rooms shall be separated from school rooms and living rooms with Type 1 fire partitions and a fire-resistant floor of Type 3.

The partitions and floors separating living rooms from the pre-school/school rooms shall

withstand fire for at least 0.75 hour and have a limit of fire propagation up to 40 cm (for buildings of fire-resistance degree V).

The fire-resistance degree of a building shall be determined proceeding from its total

occupancy rate or, if there is a firewall available between the pre-school and school rooms,the occupancy rate shall be determined proceeding from occupancy rate of each part of the building.

1.21. Attached promenade verandas for pre-schools with more than 50 children shall have thesame fire-resistance as the main buildings.

1.22. Inorganic materials shall be used for heat insulation of pre-school-building walls. If reinforced-concrete wall panels with the organic (polymer) heat insulator are used, it shall befully cast-in with a concrete layer of at least 50 mm on all sides.

1.23*. Depending on the fire-resistance degree of the school and boarding-school buildings,their maximum occupancy rate and maximum number of stories shall be determined using

Table 6*.

Table 6* Number of students or

occupancy rate of buildingFire-resistance degree of building Number of stories

School buildings and educational buildings of boarding schools

Up to 270

" 350

" 1600 Not rated

IIIa, VIV

IIIb

IIII, II

1

2

2

34

Dormitories of boarding schools

Up to 80

" 140

" 200" 280

Not rated

IV, VIIIa, IIIb

IIIIII

I, II

1

1

31

4



In big towns and cities, except those located in seismic regions, the four-floor buildings areallowable for schools and boarding-school educational buildings.

1.24. Allocating the third floor of school buildings and boarding-school educational buildingsfor first-class rooms and more than 25 % of other educational rooms is prohibited.

1.25. The number of stories of the buildings for special schools and boarding schools (for physically and mentally handicapped children) shall not exceed three.

1.26. The boarding-school bedrooms shall be located in blocks or building parts separatedfrom other areas by firewalls or fire partitions.

1.27. Bedroom blocks shall not be immediately adjacent to the schools buildings and the boarding-school educational buildings of fire-resistance degree III, IIIa, IIIb, IV and V.

1.28. The floors above the basement rooms of the school and boarding-school buildings of fire-resistance degree IIIb, IV- and V shall be of fire-resistance type 3.

1.29. The number of stories of vocational-school buildings shall be, as a rule, at most four.

1.30. The number of stories of educational buildings for universities and colleges shall be, asa rule, at most nine.

During town planning, the number of stories of the universities’ educational buildings shall be specified to be at most nine.

The allowable number of stories of the advanced-training institutions’ buildings shall bespecified according to Table 1.

1.31. At most nine floors may be specified for the hospital and outpatient-department buildings. The ward units of children hospitals and blocks (including the wards for childrenunder three and their mothers) shall be located no higher than at the fourth floor, the wards

for children under seven and children mental departments (wards) – no higher than at the firstfloor.

The wards for children under seven may be located at up to the fifth floor, subject toinstalling the antismoke protection of escapes (corridors) and the automatic fire extinguishersin the building (block).

The patient-care blocks of mental hospitals and dispensaries shall be of at least fire-resistancedegree III.

Fire-resistance degree IV or V and the round-log or squared-beam walls may be specified for

the buildings for the up to 60-bed patient-care institutions and the 90-visitors/shift outpatientdepartments.

1.32. The rooms of patient-care institutions, outpatient departments, and pharmacies (exceptmedical-staff rooms in public buildings and facilities and drugstores) located in buildingsdesigned for other purpose shall be separated from the rest of rooms by the type 1 firewallsand have independent exits.

1.33. The number of stories of sanatoria shall be specified to at most nine.

During town planning, the number of stories may be specified to be more than nine, if approved by local bodies of the State Fire Service Supervision.

1.34. The number of stories shall be specified to be at most two for the buildings of childrensummer camps, seniors' sanative camps, and tourist cabin and at most three for the buildings

of fire-resistance degree I and II for the children all-year sanative camps.



1.35. The number of stories shall be specified to be only one for the summer-time recreational

facilities’ buildings of fire-resistance degree V as well as for the children camps andsanatoria’s buildings of fire-resistance degree IV- and V.

1.36. The number of beds shall not exceed 1000 in the sanatoria and recreational and touristfacilities’ living blocks of fire-resistance degree I and II for; 150 in those of fire-resistance

degree III; and 50 in those of fire-resistance degree IIIa, IIIb, IVa-, IV- and V.

1.37. The bedrooms of sanatorium, recreational- and tourist-facility buildings shall beseparated by firewalls from dining and cook rooms and public entertainment areas (with astage and cine equipment spaces).

1.38. The bedrooms for recreation of families with children shall be located in separate buildings or separate parts of buildings with the number of stories of at most six and aseparate staircase (the second staircase shall be common for the blocks). The bedroom shall be provided with loggias or balconies.

1.39. In the children camps, the bedrooms shall be grouped in the clusters each totaling 40

beds and having separate escape. One of the escapes may be combined with a staircase. At

most 160 beds may be specified for the bedrooms in separate buildings or building parts of children camps.

1.40. The fire-resistance degree of sports blocks with seats for spectators shall be specifieddepending on the total stationary and makeshift seating capacity provided by the halltransformation schema, i.e. IIIa and V for no more than 300 seats, IV for no more than 400

seats, Ill and IIIb for no more than 600, without specifying any seating capacity for fire-resistance degrees I and II.

The seating capacity of a single-floored hall shall not exceed 4,000 for the buildings that areof fire-resistance degree IIIb and have covering wooden structures and the walls, columns,stairways and floors with fire-resistance and -propagation properties appropriate to the

buildings of fire-resistance degree II.1.41. The fire-resistance degree of the open sports facilities’ grandstands of any seatingcapacity shall be specified to be at least II if serving rooms under the grandstands arearranged at two and more floors and is not rated if serving rooms are arranged at one floor.

In case of making no use of the space under the open sports facilities’ grandstands, their bearing structures shall be made of noncombustible materials with the fire-resistance limit of at least 0.75 hour if the number of rows is above 20 and are not rated in fire resistance if thenumber of rows is up to 20.

1.42. The covered sports facilities’ buildings of fire-resistance degree IIIb may consist of twofloors if only serving rooms are located on the upper floor, and of up to five floors if the

walls, columns, stairways, and floors have fire-resistance and -propagation propertiesappropriate to the buildings of fire-resistance degree II. In any case, the serving rooms shall be separated from the hall by the type 1 firewalls.

1.43. The bearing structures of the covered sports facilities’ stationary grandstands for above600 seats and above 300 to 600 seats shall be of incombustible materials and incombustibleand slow-burning materials, respectively.

The fire-resistance of the bearing structures made of combustible and slow-burning materials

shall be at least 0.75 hour. Combustible materials may be used in the bearing structures of stationary grandstands for below 300 spectators.

The bearing structures of transformable grandstands (pullout-type etc.) shall ensure the fire-

resistance limit of at least 0.25 hour, regardless of the seating capacity.

The above is not applied to makeshift seats installed on the transformed-arena floor.



In covered sports facilities, the makeshift seats shall be installed so as to exclude the risk of their overturn or shift.

1.44. Using combustible materials in the seats of grandstands of any capacity is acceptable atopen and covered sports facilities. Synthetic materials shall not release toxic fumes during burning.

The wooden-stage floor covering of leisure and sports/leisure halls shall be thoroughlytreated with fire-retardants.

1.45. Rooms under the covered and open sports facilities’ grandstands shall be separated fromthe grandstand by fire barriers (the type 3 floors and the type 1 fire partitions). The doors inthe type 1 partitions shall be self-closing and crackage-sealed and may be of combustiblematerials.

Storerooms for combustible materials shall not be located under the grandstands of the opensports facilities of fire-resistance degree IIIa, IIIb, IV-, and V.

The ammunition depots for rifleranges located under the open and covered sports facilities’

grandstands shall be placed outside the under-grandstand space.

The firearms and ammunition depots and gunsmith's workshops shall be separated from therest of the spaces by the type 2 firewalls and the type 3 floors.

1.46*. The maximum number of buildings and structures and the largest seating capacity of the social centers’ auditoria shall be specified depending on the fire-resistance degree of buildings and structures, according to Table 7*.

Table 7*Buildings or

structures

Fire-resistance

degree

The maximum number

of floors

The largest auditoriun

seating capacity

Cinemas:

functioning all-the-year

round

V

IIIa, IVIII, IIIb

II, I

1

2*2*; 2**

Not rated

Up to 300" 400

" 600Over 600

functioning seasonally

(summer-time):covered

IIIa, IV, VIII, IIIb

1

1Up to 600Over 600

open AnyIII, IIIb

1

1Up to 600Over 600

Clubs

VIIIa, IVIII, IIIb

II, I

1***2*3*, 3**

Not rated

Up to 300" 400" 600Over 600

Theatres II, I Not rated

_______________________ * Auditoria shall be located at the ground floor in the buildings of fire-resistance degree IIIa,IIIb and IV and at no higher than first floor in the club buildings of fire-resistance degree IIIand IIIb.

** The seating capacity of auditoria in the buildings that are of fire-resistance degree IIIb and

have wooden-structure covering elements and the walls, columns, stairways, and floorsoffering fire-resistance and fire-propagation properties appropriate to the buildings of fire-

resistance degree II may be specified to be up to 800.

*** The acceptable number of stories may be two for the club buildings of fire-resistancedegree V, with the up to 300-seat ground-floor auditorium, the round-log or squared-beam

bearing walls plastered or coated externally to provide the fire-propagation limit of at most 40cm as well as with the walls of timber-frame panels having inorganic heat insulators and a

coating ensuring the fire-propagation limit of at most 40 cm.



__________________ Note. The round-the-year cinema combined with the seasonal one of different fire-resistance degree

shall be separated from it by the type 2 firewall.

1.47. The floors of the auditorium and the lobby located at the first floor of the buildings of

fire-resistance degree III and IIIb shall be of fire-resistance type 2. The floors above the basement and ground floors of the buildings of fire-resistance degree III, IIIa, IIIb, IV, and Vshall be of fire-resistance type 3.

1.48. The attic above the auditorium in the buildings of fire-resistance degree III, IIIa and IIIbshall be separated from adjacent spaces by the type 2 firewalls and the type 1 fire partitions.

1.49*. The bearing structures of floor above the stage and auditorium (trusses, beams,floorings, etc.) in theatres as well as in clubs with stages (with the footprints of 15х7.5 m;18х9 m; 21х12 m and more) shall be made of incombustible material.

1.50. The show center’s support-equipment rooms (except the stage lighting spaces locatedwithin the overall stage floor dimensions) shall be separated by the type 1 fire partitions andthe type 3 floors.

In case of the buildings of fire-resistance degree IV and V, the projection booths to beequipped with incandescent-lamp projectors may be positioned in extensions with the walls, partitions, floors, and coverings made of incombustible and slow-burning materials offeringthe at least 0.75-hour fire-resistance.

1.51. The auditorium shall be separated from the remote flies stage by the type 1 firewall.

1.52. The stage gantry opening of clubs and theatres for 800 and more seats shall be protectedwith a fire curtain.

The fire curtain shall have the fire-resistance limit of at least 1 hour. The heat insulation

material used in the curtain shall be incombustible, not releasing toxic decomposition products.

The fire curtain specifications are set forth in mandatory Appendix 5.

1.53. The firewall door opening at the level of the stage cellar and off-stage as well as theexits from the flies stairways to the cellar and the stage (with the fire curtain being provided)shall be protected by vestibule locks.

1.54. The type 1 fire doors shall be provided for in the door openings of the decor stockroomson the stage and pocket side and the type 2 fire doors – in the flies stairways.

1.55. The type 1 fire partitions, the type 3 floors, and the type 2 fire doors shall be provided

for in storage rooms, stockrooms, workshops, spaces for mounting easel and 3-D stage sets, adust trap, ventilation chambers, rooms for fire-curtain and smoke-hatch winches, batteryrooms, and transformer substations.

The above rooms, except a safe for rolled-up scenery, fire-curtain and smoke-hatch winches,

and hoisting gear having no oil-filled equipment shall not be located under the auditoriumand the off-stage.

The shields with the fire-resistance limit of at least 0.6 hour shall be used to protect the safeopening.

1.56. The superstructure frame that is used above the incombustible supports of auditorium balconies, amphitheatre, and stalls to provide a sloping or stepped floor shall be of

incombustible materials.

The hollow space above the superstructures shall be divided by shearwalls in the



compartments of at most 100 m2 in area. The inspection manholes shall be provided for in thehollow spaces above 1.2 m high.

1.57. The off-stage supports shall be of incombustible materials.

The timber flooring, if laid on these supports, the flies, and the work galleries, shall be

thoroughly treated with fire-retardants.1.58. The auditorium counterceiling frames, their filling, and the ceiling and wall furring inthe club auditoria having stages as well as in the theaters and the covered sports facilities’halls for above 800 seats shall be made of incombustible materials, the slow-burningmaterials being acceptable if the seating capacities is up to 800 seats (except in the buildingsof fire-resistance degree V).

The openings that are made in solid counterceilings to install loudspeakers, lighting fixtures,and other equipment shall be protected, from above, with the nonflammable covers with thefire-resistance of 0.5 hour.

1.59. The floor supports (trusses, beams, etc.) located over auditoria shall be protected, from

both above and below, with incombustible boarding with the fire-resistance limit of at least0.75 hour.

The type 1 fire partitions stage shall be provided for in the lighting-equipment rooms locatedwithin the overall auditorium floor dimensions.

1.60*. The inflammable, highly smoking, and highly toxic carpeting is prohibited in public buildings. The carpets of combustible, moderately smoking and toxic materials may be usedin the corridors and halls of public buildings, except social-center, club, and covered sportsfacilities with spectator seats, pre-schools, boarding-school bedroom blocks, children

recreation camps, and hospitals, the only slow-burning and low-smoking/toxic carpets beingacceptable in the 10-floor and higher buildings. The carpeting shall be pasted on anincombustible base (except the buildings of fire-resistance degree V).

1.61. The orchestra-pit guard structures shall be fireproof (the type 2 fire partitions and type 3floor).

The timber used for the finishing and floor boarding of orchestra pit shall be thoroughlytreated with fire-retardants.

1.62. The stage roof shall have fume exits in accordance with requirements set forth inmandatory Appendix 5.

1.63. The fire control room shall have natural illumination and be located either at theelevation of off-stage or one floor below, close to an outward exit or a stairway.

The room for the pumping unit for fire and utility water supplies shall be located adjacent toor below the fire control room and have a convenient communication with this room.

1.64. The design of theaters and clubs the main building of which includes work and backup-

storage rooms shall provide for separating these rooms from the rest of the spaces by the type1 fire partitions.

1.65. The openings and windows provided in the back-projection rooms to face the stage or forestage, in the projection rooms, in the projection booths and light-projection rooms to

auditorium, if equipped with cine-projectors, shall be shielded with curtains or shutters withthe fire-resistance limit of at least 0.25 hour.

The windows and openings of a light-projection room equipped for dynamic projection may

be shielded with tempered glass.

1.66. The stalls, chairs, benches or their combinations in auditoria (except the balconies and



boxes seating up to 12) shall have devices to fasten them to the floor. The design of auditoria

with transformable spectator seats shall provide the stalls, chairs, and benches (and their combinations) to be fitted and devices to prevent them from overturning or shifting.

1.67. The public library and archive buildings shall be no more than 9 floors high.

1.68. The storehouses and book depositories shall be divided into compartments, each nomore than 600 m2 in area, by fire partitions.

Each compartment shall have at least two escapes.

The compartment doors shall be of fire-resistance type 2.

The storehouses and book depositories for unique and rare editions shall be separated fromthe rest of the spaces by the type 1 firewalls (partitions) and the type 1 floors.

1.69. The public-library and archive, warehouse and stockroom windowless depositoriesexceeding 36 m2 in area shall be provided with exhaust ducts that shall have the cross-sectionarea of at least 0.2 % of the room area and be equipped on each floor with automatically-driven or remote-controlled valve gates. The distance from the fume removal valve gate tothe most remote point of the room shall not exceed 20 m.

1.70. The rooms of mock-up workshops used for processes related to the category A production shall have the walling of incombustible material with the fire-resistance limit of atleast 1 hour.

The painting-shop rooms shall have windows with the area of at least 0.03 m 2 per 1 m

3 of the

shop area.

1.71. Retail centers that have a sales area exceeding 100 m2 and housed in buildings designed

for other functions shall be separated from other facilities and rooms by the type 2 firewallsand the type 2 floors.

When retail facilities are situated in buildings designed for other functions (corporately used buildings, trade centers and other multifunctional buildings), the entrances having self-closing doors and leading to sales area from the common vestibule are acceptable, providedindependent escapes from the sales area are provided for, without reckoning with the exitsthrough the common vestibule.

1.72. The shop floors without natural illumination shall be provided with fume removal units.

1.73. The shops selling highly inflammable material as well as combustible liquids (oils, paints, solvents etc.) shall be situated in detached buildings. These buildings may be used for

locating other shops and social services, provided these are separated by the type 1 firewalls.

1.74. The stockrooms for combustible goods and those in combustible packing shall generally be placed at the exterior walls and separated by the type 1 fire partitions from the sales area being 250 m

2 and more.

The stockrooms shall be divided into compartments of at most 700 m2 in area, the meshed or dwarf partitions being acceptable within each of the compartments. In this case, the fumeremoval arrangement shall be specified for the whole compartment.

Fume removal from the stockrooms exceeding 50 m2 in area shall be through the window

openings or special shafts, or, if such stockrooms are located in the basement, as per 1.12.

Fume removal from the stockrooms with the up to 50-m2 area and exits into corridors is

acceptable through the end-of-corridor windows. Stockrooms adjoining the unloading spacesand platforms and communicating with them through doors and window openings need nofume removal.





1.82. The stockrooms for combustible material, the workshops for processing combustible

materials, the power and ventilation control chambers, and other fire-risk hardware storagerooms as well as the stockrooms for keeping linen and pressers in pre-schools shall have thedoors with the fire-resistance limit of at least 0.6 hour.

1.83. For the translucent filler of doors, transoms (in doors, partitions and walls, including the

interior walls of staircases), and partitions in the buildings having 4 and more floors, thehardened or wire glass and glass blocks shall be used. In the buildings having fewer than 4floors, any kind of translucent filler may be used.

1.84. The movable partitions shall be protected on both their sides with incombustiblematerials providing the fire-resistance limit of 0.6 hour.

1.85*. The walls and ceilings of auditoria and covered sports-facility halls with the seatingcapacity of up to 1,500, the lecture halls (with above 50 seats), and the conference andassembly halls (expect those in the buildings of fire-resistance degree V) as well as the retailcenters in the buildings of fire-resistance degree I and II shall be finished with low-burning or incombustible material.

Such halls with the seating capacity over 1,500 and the rooms of public-library depositoriesand archives as well as those of archive service catalogues/inventories shall be finished withincombustible material only.

In the opera houses and musical theatres, the wall and ceiling may be finished with slow- burning material, irrespective of the auditorium seating capacity.

1.86. In the buildings of fire-resistance degree I – III, the walls and ceilings of auditoria withthe seating capacity of up to 1500 may be finished in battens and block/particle/fiber boardstwo-side that are treated with fire-retardant paints or varnishes not affecting the texture of thefinishing material and placed on low-burning furring and incombustible framing. In the buildings of fire-resistance degree I and II and with the seating capacity exceeding 1500, such

finishing is allowable for the walls only.1.87. The wall and ceiling sheathing for the shooting galleries and the firing zones of riflerange located on basement and ground floors and under grandstands shall be specified tomeet the clause 1.58 requirements for theatres with the seating capacity above 800.

1.88. The walls and ceilings of sports/music halls and pre-school escapes shall be finished inincombustible materials, while all the other rooms in said buildings of fire-resistance degree I- IV shall be finished in incombustible and slow-burning materials.

1.89. In building finishing, only polymeric materials approved by the Federal SanitarySupervision agencies are acceptable.

ESCAPE ROUTES

1.90. The number of treads per one flight between the stairway landings (except thecurvilinear ones) shall be at least 3 and at most 16. At most 18 treads are allowed for single-flight stairways as well as in one flight of two- or three-flight stairways within the first floor.

1.91. The stairway flights and landings shall have guards with handrails.

1.92*. The handrails and guards in the pre-school buildings and on the floors with first-gradeclassrooms in school buildings and boarding-school educational buildings shall meet thefollowing requirements:

the guards height for stairways used by children shall be at least 1.2 m, and, in the pre-schools for mentally handicapped children, 1.8 m or, if with closed mesh guard, 1.5 m;



the vertical elements of stairway guards shall have a clearance of at most 0.1 m (no horizontalarticulation of the guards is allowed);

the guards of front/back stoops with three treads and more shall be 0.8 m high.

With the above 2.5-m design width of the grandstands stairways, aisles, or hatches of open

and covered sports facilities 5 m, the divider handrails at the height of at least 0.9 m shall be provided for.

With the up to 2.5-m design width of hatch or stairway, the hatches or stairways exceeding2.5 m in width need no divider handrails.

1.93. The exterior stairways (or parts thereof) and the landings being above 0.45 m thesidewalk level at the building entrances shall be provided with guards, depending on their designated functions and local conditions.

1.94. The acceptable flight gradient of stairways at above-surface floors shall be at most 1:2(except the stairways of the sports facilities’ grandstands).

The acceptable flight gradient of stairways leading to the basement and ground floors and tothe attic as well as of stairways located at the above-surface floors and not designed for escapes is 1:1.5.

The acceptable gradient of ramps on human-traffic ways shall be at most:

in a building or structure .......................................................1:6in hospitals.............................................................................1:20outside ...................................................................................1:8

on the ways for movement of the disabled onesin wheelchairs inside and outside the building......................1:12

Note. The requirements of the present paragraph and of par. 1.90 shall not apply to the designof the stepped aisles between the seat rows in auditoria and sports and lecture halls.

1.95. The gradient of the grandstand stairways of open or covered sports facilities shall notexceed 1:1.6 and, with the handrails (or substitute devices) being put up at a height of at most0.9 m on the grandstand stairways along escapes shall not exceed 1:1.4.

Stairways or treads are unacceptable along escapes in hatches.

1.96. The width of a stairway flight in public buildings shall be no less than the width of theexit to the staircase from the most thickly inhabited floor, but no less than, m:

1.35 - in the buildings with above 200 people being present on the most thickly inhabitedfloor as well as in the club, cinema and hospital buildings, irrespective of the seatingcapacity;

1.2 - in other buildings as well as in the cinema and club buildings, if the stairway leads torooms not designed for presence of spectators and visitors, and in the hospital buildings, if thestairway leads to rooms not designed for the presence of or visits by patients;

0.9 - in all buildings, if the stairway leads to the room with up to 5 persons beingsimultaneously present.

The intermediate landing of straight stairway flight shall be at least 1 m wide.

The width of landing shall be at least that of flight.

1.97. The staircases designed for people escape both from both above surface and basementor ground floors shall be provided with independent outwards exits leading from the



basement or ground floors and separated by the type 1 fire blank partition of one-floor height.

Some stairways for communication between the basement or ground floor and the first floor corridor, entrance hall, or vestibule shall not be reckoned with in the designing of emergencyevacuation from the basement or ground floor.

If the basement or ground floor stairway opens to the first floor vestibule, all the stairways of the above-surface part of the building, except those leading into this vestibule, shall have adirect outward exit.

1.98. The spiral stairways or winders as well as split landings shall not be generally providedfor along escapes. In designing curvilinear stairways (except those in hospital and outpatientdepartment buildings) leading out of the serving rooms with at most 5 persons being permanently present as well as the curvilinear front stairways, the tread width of the narrow part of these stairways shall be at least 0.22 m, while that of the serving stairways - at least0.12 m.

1.99. In the climatic region IV and the climatic sub-zone IIIb, the exterior open escapestairways are acceptable (except hospitals).

1.100. The exterior open stairways pitched at most 45° in the pre-school buildings and atmost 60° in other public buildings and used in all climatic region as the second escape fromthe second floor (except the school, boarding-school, handicapped-pre-school, and hospital buildings of any fire-resistance degree as well as the general-type pre-school buildings of fire-resistance degree IIl-V) shall be designed for the number of evacuees of at the most:

70 - in the buildings of fire-resistance degree I and II

50 - in the buildings of fire-resistance degree III

30 - in the buildings of fire-resistance degree IV- and V

The width of such stairways shall be at least 0.8 m and the width of the whole treads of stairway steps – at least 0.2 m.

When designing a passage to the exterior open stairways through the flat roof (including theunexploited ones) or exterior open galleries, the fire-resistance limit of at least 0.5 hour andthe zero fire-propagation limit shall be specified for the bearing structures of the coveringsand galleries.

1.101. The staircases (except basement stairways as well as flies stairs in the entertainment buildings) shall have natural illumination via exterior-wall openings.

The overhead lighting only is acceptable in at most 50 % of the staircases in the double-floor buildings of fire-resistance degree I and II as well as in the 3-floor buildings, provided the

clearance of at least 1.5 m is ensured between the stairway flights.

In this case, the devices to automatically open staircase bulkheads in event of fire shall be provided for in hospitals.

At least 50 % of the staircases designed for evacuation from terminal buildings shall have thenatural illumination via the exterior-wall windows. The stairways without the naturalillumination shall be of smoke-proof type 2 or 3.

1.102. One of the interior stairways in the buildings that are of fire-resistance degree I and II

and have up to nine floors may be open for the entire height of the building, provided itslocation space is separated from the adjoining corridors and other spaces by fire partitions.

With the all-building automatic fire extinguishing system, the open-stairway space needs noseparation from the corridors and other spaces.



The open stairways shall not be reckoned with in fire escape calculations for hospitals.

In the buildings of fire-resistance degree I - III, the interior stairway leading from a vestibuleto a second floor may be open, if the vestibule is separated from the corridors and other spaces by fire partitions with ordinary doors and fire floors.

In the retail-center and public-catering buildings of fire-resistance degree I and II, thestairway between the first and second floors or the ground and first floors may be open evenif there is no vestibule. In this case, the stairways or ramps for retail centers may be reckonedwith in escape calculations only for half the number of shoppers present in the respectivesales area, while no less than two enclosed staircases shall be specified to evacuate the rest of the shoppers. The open-stairway (or ramp) length shall be added to the distance from themost remote point of the floor to that of outward emergency escape, but its area shall not beadded to the area of the main evacuation passages.

The theatre auditorium complex may have at most two open stairways, while the rest of thestairways (no fewer than two) shall be of enclosed type. The open stairways shall beconsidered to be the evacuation ones within their segment from the vestibule floor level to thefloor level of the next floor. In the subsequent floor, the auditorium complex shall be provided with the separate escapes leading to the closed staircases.

One of the exits from public-buildings spaces, irrespective of their function (auditoria, lecturehalls, educational and trading facilities, reading rooms etc., except the stockrooms of combustible materials and workshops), may lead to the vestibule, cloakroom, the floor planentrance hall and the lobby adjoining the open stairways.

If lobbies and cloak-, smoking, and sitting rooms are located at the ground or basement floor,

the separate open stairways leading from the basement or ground floor to the first floor areacceptable.

At least two enclosed naturally illuminated stairways leading to an attic and a roof shall be

provided for in the complex of stage-servicing rooms in theatre buildings.1.103. The stage case shall have the two type 2 fire escapes being up to the stage roof andcommunicating with work galleries and flies.

For evacuation from the work galleries and the flies boarding, the outside escape stairs areacceptable in the absence of the flies staircases.

1.104. The outside fire escapes shall be located at most 150 m apart along the perimeter of the

buildings (except the main front). The necessity of outside fire escapes is specified by SNiP2.01.02-85 and by par.1.103 of these Building Codes and Regulations.

1.105. The width of exit from the corridor to the staircase as well as the width of stairwayflights shall be specified depending on the number of people to be evacuated through thisexit, as calculated per 1 m of the exit (door) width, as well as on the fire-resistance degree of buildings (except the cinema, club, theatre and sports buildings):

I, II – at most 165 persons

Ill, IV, IIIb – at most 115 persons

V, IlIa, IVa – at most 80 persons

1.106. In escape width calculations, the largest number of people that are simultaneously present at the floor of school and boarding-school buildings shall be specified from the

occupancy rate of educational and vocational-education rooms and bedroom as well as of auditoria and assembly and lecture halls situated on this floor.

1.107. The exit door width for the study rooms with the design number of students of over 15



shall be at least 0.9 m.

1.108. The largest distance from any point of various-area halls having no seats to the nearestescape shall be specified according to Table 8. When combining the main evacuation passageways into a common passageway, its width shall be at least the aggregate width of the passageways thus combined.

1.109. The distance along the escapes leading from the doors of the in public-building mostremote rooms (except the sitting rooms, washrooms, auditoria, shower-rooms, and other serving rooms) and from the pre-school-building group cell exit to the outward door or thestaircase shall be no longer than that specified in Table 9. The occupancy rate of the roomsopening to a dead-end corridor or hall shall be for at most 80 persons.

The occupancy rate of rooms opening to a dead-end corridor or hall in the school, vocational-school, and college buildings that are of fire-resistance degree I-III and have at most 4 floorsshall not exceed 125 persons. In this case, the distance from the doors of the most remoterooms to the far staircase shall not exceed 100 m.

Table 8

Distance, m, room volume ,000 m3

Hall function Fire-resistance

degree up to 5 over 5 to 10 over 10

1. Waiting-halls for visitors, box-office,show, and dancinghalls, lounge-rooms,etc.

I, IIIII, IIIb, IVIIIa, IVa, V

302015

4530---

55------

2. Dining and

reading halls witheach of the main

passages having thevolume of at least0.2 m

3 per evacuee

I, II

III, IIIb, IVIIIa, IVa, V

65

4530

---

------

---

------

3. Sales area, withmain escape

passages having the

area, % of sales area:

at least 25 I, IIIII, IIIb, IV

IIIa, IVa, V

5035

25

6545

-

80-

-



less than 25 I,IIIII, IIIb, IVIIIa, IVa, V

251510

3020---

35------

Table 9

Distance, m, with public evacuation flow density*, man/ m2

Fire-resistance

degree up to 2 over 2 to 3 over 3 to 4 over 4 to 5 over 5

1 2 3 4 5 6

A. From rooms located between staircases or external doors

I-IIIIIIb, IVIIIa, IVa, V

604030

503525

403020

352515

201510

B. From rooms opening into dead-end corridor or hall

I-IIIIIIb, IVIIIa, IVa, V

302015

251510

201510

15105

1075

* The ratio of the number-of-evacuees to the escape area.

The distances shown in Table 9 shall be specified for the buildings of: pre-schools - by group 6; schools, vocational schools, and secondary-specialized institutions

and universities - by group 3; hospitals - by group 5; hotels - by group 4. For the rest of the public buildings, public-evacuation flow passage density shall be specified according to theProject.

1.110. The width of escapes (doors) from halls having no spectator seats shall be specified basing on the number of evacuees per escape in accordance with Table 10, but shall be atleast 1.2 m in the halls admitting more than 50 persons.



Table 10

Number of persons per 1 m of the escape

(door) width in halls with the volume of,

thousand m3

Hall function Fire-

resistance

degree up to 5 over 5 to 10 over 10

1. Sales area --- withmain escape passageshaving the area of 25% and more of hallarea;Dining and reading-halls --- with publicevacuation flowdensity of at most 5 pers./m2 of main passage

2. Sales area --- withmain escape passage

area below 25% of hall area; and other

halls

I, IIIII, IIIb, IVIIIa, IVa, V

I, IIIII, IIIb, IV

IIIa, IVa, V

16511580

7550

40

220155---

10070

---

275------

125---

---

1.111. The width of the main escapes passages in the sales area shall be at least, m:1.4 - for sales area of up to 100 m

2

1.6 - for sales area of over 100 to 150 m2

2 - for sales area of over 150 to 400 m2

2.5 - for sales area of over 400 m2

The area of the passages between the turnstiles and check-out boxes and those outside thesales area along the clearing counters is not included in the main escape passage area.

1.112. In escape calculations, the number of shoppers or social services’ visitors that aresimultaneously present in the sales area or visitors' rooms shall be taken from the followingspecifications per person:

1.35 m

2

of the sales area or the visitors' room area, including the area occupied by equipment- for shops in towns and urban settlements as well as for social-service facilities; 2 m2 of the

sales area - for rural shops:

1.6 m2 of the sales area - for the market.

The number of people present simultaneously in a show or family-reunion hall shall beassumed to be the number of hall seats.

In escapes calculations for the shops’ sales areas, future sales-area extensions shall be dulyconsidered.

1.113. In escape calculations for buildings intended for retail-trade and public-cateringinstitutions, the serving staircases and external doors connected with the hall either directly or

by a straight passageway (corridor) may be reckoned with, provided the distance from themost remote point of the sales area to the nearest serving stairway or external door is not





1.116. In the covered sports facilities, the number of spectators evacuated through each wayout (hatch, door) of the hall with the volume of over 60,000 m

3shall be at most 600.

In the event a set of stalls being placed in a sports arena, with only two exits from it available,the distance between them shall be at least half the length of the hall.

1.117. The escape width shall be at least, m:1.0 - of horizontal aisles, ramps and stairways on the grandstands of covered and open-air sports facilities;

1.35 - of escape hatches of the grandstands of covered sports facilities;

1.5 - of escape hatches of the grandstands of open-air sports facilities.

1.118. The auditorium doorway width shall be 1.2-2.4 m, the lobby width - at least 2.4 m.The allowed width of the box doorway is 0.8 m.

The auditorium-exit and escape-passage doors (including hatch doors) in sports facilities shall be self-closing and with a sealed crackage.

1.119. The depth of armchairs, stalls, and benches in an auditorium shall ensure a clearanceof at least 0.45 m between the rows.

With one-way exit from the row, the acceptable number of uninterruptedly installed seatsshall be at most 26, with two-way exist - at most 50.

1.120. The aggregate width of escapes from the changing rooms attached to the cloakroomslocated separately from the vestibule in the basement or ground floor shall be determinedfrom the number of people before the barrier, i.e. 30 % of the number of cloakroom hooks.

Table 12

Required evacuation time, tnbz, minfrom hall, given its volume*, ,000 m3

Types of hallsup to 5 10 20 25 40 60

from the

whole building

Halls with flies stage

Halls without flies stage

1.5

2

2

3

2.5

3.5

2.5

3.7

---

4

---

4.5

6

6

* The hall volume is determined by the interior enclosing structures (in the halls withgrandstands - without regard for the volume of the grandstands). In case of intermediatevalues of volume, the required hall-evacuation time shall be determined by interpolation.

1.121. In the rooms designed for the simultaneous presence of at most 50 persons (including

the auditorium amphitheater or balcony), with a distance of at most 25 m along the aisle fromthe most remote workstation to the evacuation exit (door), a second evacuation exit (door) isunnecessary.

1.122. In the school and boarding-school buildings, the additional exit leading from the

wood-working shops or a combined metal- and wood-working shop (via an insulatedexitway) directly outward or through a corridor adjoining the workshops and beinginaccessible from the class-rooms, education rooms and laboratories shall be provided for.

1.123. At least two escapes from the stage, the work galleries and the flies boarding, from the

hold, the orchestra pit and the safe of rolled-up stage sets shall be preferably provided for.

1.124. In round-the-year cinemas as well as in the club with film screening, escapes via



rooms that simultaneously admit above 50 persons as per the Design Statement of Work is prohibited.

Seasonal cinemas designed without a lobby may have the auditorium entrance counted astheir second escape.

1.125. In the auditoria with the seating capacity of at most 500 and a stage (as to cinemas,irrespective of their seating capacity), the passage through the hall may be considered as thesecond escape from the stage.

1.126. When designing premises divided into parts by movable partitions, escapes from each part shall be provided for.

1.127. Evacuating spectators from the balcony via sports or assembly halls or auditoria is prohibited.

1.128. The pass-through rooms with self-closing doors of incombustible material or thecorridor are acceptable for exits from the operating and light projection rooms to auditoria.

1.129. In one-floor country retail centers, with a sales area of up to 150 m2, it is allowed touse as second exit the passage through a group of non-trading facilities, except storerooms.

1.130*. The entrances and stairways for attendants shall be separate from those for theshoppers and for the visitors of social services with a design area of over 200 m

2.

The entrances to the storerooms and other non-trading premises shall be located within the production-floor space. The units with a selling area of up to 250m

2 may be designed to have

additional exits to the sales area for the delivery of goods from the storerooms adjacent to theshop floor.

1.131. The hotels housed in terminal buildings shall have their own escapes.

The exits leading from 50 % of the staircases as well as from the corridors of terminal

buildings to the combined passenger hall having direct outward exits, the ones to the opentrestle or platform shall be considered to be the escapes.

1.132. The corridors over 60 m long shall be divided by partitions with self-closing doorsinstalled at most 60 m apart and from the corridor ends.

The corridors in the hospital ward departments shall be divided by the type 2 fire partitions atmost 42 m apart.

1.133. In case of a floor level drop of over 1 m in one room or in two adjacent rooms (notseparated by a partition), it is necessary to fit the upper level perimeter with a guard at least

0.8 m high or with another safety device. This requirement shall not apply to the off-stagearea facing the audience.

1.134. If floor elevation difference between adjacent rows exceeds 0.55 m, the grandstands of sports facilities shall be provided with a guard railing at least 0.8 m high, not obstructingvisibility.

1.135. The height of the barrier in front of the first row on the balconies and circles of sportshalls and auditoria shall be at least 0.8 m. The barriers shall be designed to have safetymeshes to prevent any objects falling down.

1.136. The glass doors in pre-schools, schools, rest homes, and sanatoria for parents withchildren shall be provided with protection grids at least 1.2 m high.



ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS TO

10-FLOOR AND HIGHER BUILDINGS

1.137. The staircases in the buildings with 10 and more aboveground floors shall be designedto be smoke-proof.

One of the two staircases (or 50 % of the staircases, if there are more of them) shall be of smoke-proof type 1.

The axial distance between the doors of the floor-by-floor exits from and entrances to thesestaircases shall be at least 2.5 m. Specifying the entrances to the smoke-proof staircasesthrough the floor plan elevator hall is prohibited. Nor shall the smoke-proof staircases belocated in inside corners of the external building walls.

The rest of the staircases shall be specified to be of smoke-proof type 2 or 3.

It is necessary to have the type 2 staircases compartmentalized by erecting a one-floor high blank partition having the fire-resistance limit of at least 0.75 hour. Fume protection of such

staircases shall be ensured by feeding outdoor air into the upper section of the compartments.

Overpressure shall be at least 20 Pa in the lower section of the staircase compartment and atmost 150 Pa in the upper section, with one door open.

Fan capacity and the shaft and valve cross-section shall be determined by calculation.

Note. The staircases in the buildings of 9 and fewer floors with a height of over 30 m fromthe mean layout surface elevation to the top floor elevation (not counting the topmost crawlfloor) shall be designed in compliance with the requirements to 10- to 16-floor buildings.

1.138. The escape from the type 2 smoke-proof staircases to the vestibule shall be arranged

through a vestibule lock with airhead during fire.

1.139. The walls of the staircases with airhead shall not have any openings other than the

window openings in exterior walls and the doorways leading to floor-plan corridors,vestibules, or outdoors as well as the vents to feed air to create overpressure.

1.140. The interior walls and partitions (including those of translucent material) separatingescapes shall be of incombustible materials with the fire-resistance limit of at least 0.75 hour.

ELEVATORS

1.141. The number of passenger elevators shall be determined by calculation, but, as a rule,there shall be at least two of them. It is allowed to replace the second elevator with freightelevator permitted for passenger carriage, if the vertical transport design shows that one passenger elevator in the building is sufficient.

One of the elevators in the building (a passenger or a freight elevator) shall have a cage depthof at least 2,100 mm to enable a person to be transported on a stretcher. Freight elevatorsshall be provided for in compliance with technological requirements.

1.142*. Passenger elevators shall be provided for in:

the R&D institute, university, and advanced-training institute buildings with the difference of 13.2 m and more between the entrance vestibule floor elevation and the top floor elevation(except the topmost crawl floor);

the administrative, design and engineering, and financial institution buildings above 3 floorshigh; in the buildings of often-visited local government and other offices, starting from the 3-

rd floor;



hospitals and maternity homes:

elevators for the hospital buildings (hereinafter referred to as 'hospital elevators') withward departments located on the 2-nd floor and higher;

passenger elevators - in the buildings with 3 and more floors; outpatient departments:hospital elevators in the buildings with 2 and more floors;

passenger elevator with a cage depth of at least 2,100 mm in the buildings with 2 and 3floors; sanatoria and preventive-medicine centers:

passenger elevators in the buildings with 3 and more floors;hospital elevator -with treatment rooms located on other than first floor in the buildings

with 2 and more floors;top "A" and "B"-class hotels and motels with 2 and more floors;I-class hotels, tourist hostels and motels with 3 floors and more;same facilities of II class and lower status, and also all the other recreational and touristinstitutions with 4 and more floors;

public-catering facilities with their rooms located higher than at the 3-rd floor;social-service facilities located at 4 and higher floor.

Notes*: 1. In the residential blocks of sanatoria for physically disabled patients, one of theelevators shall be of hospital elevator type.

2. The necessity of providing elevators and other vertical transportation facilities in public

buildings with fewer floors and a lower height as well as in the building outside the scope of this statute shall be stipulated by the Design Statement of Work.

1.143. One of the passenger elevators in public buildings with 10 and more floors shall bedesigned to carry fire brigades.

1.144. The distance from the doors of the most remote room to that of the nearest passenger elevator shall be at most 60 m.

1.145. Escape from the passenger elevators shall be projected through the elevator hall.

In the buildings with up to 10 floors, the escape passages from at most two elevators may belocated right on the landing.

The width of the passenger elevator hall shall be at least:

- 1.3 of the least cage depth, in case of single-row elevator location;

- doubled cage depth, but at most 5 m, in case of double-row location.

The elevator hall width in front of the elevators with a cage depth of 2,100 mm and moreshall be at least 2.5 m.

The exit leading from the stockrooms and premises for storing and processing combustiblematerials directly to the elevator hall is prohibited.

1.146. The elevator wells and engine compartments shall not touch directly pre-school roomswhere children are present; the study rooms of educational institutions, residential quarters in

public buildings, auditoria, and reading-rooms, club rooms, production-floor areas and officeswith human beings ever present. In hospitals, outpatient department institutions, and

sanatoria, the elevator wells and the engine compartments of elevators and hoists shall belocated within at least 6 m of the wards and the treatment and diagnostic study rooms. Thedistance may be cut, provided the appropriate noise suppression arrangements are made.

1.147. The doors of the elevator wells on basement and ground floors shall open into entrance

halls or vestibule locks enclosed by fire partitions. The doors of the elevator halls andvestibule locks shall be fire-proof, self-closing, with gasket-sealed frame ledges, thecombustible materials (without glazing) being allowable from the side of the elevator wells.



GARBAGE AND DUST REMOVAL

1.148. The system of garbage and dust collection, temporary (within the scope of sanitary

standards) refuse storage and facilities for its eventual disposal shall be provided for in public buildings.

The pneumatic garbage-removal systems shall be specified for large public buildings, basingon the Design Statement of Work and proceeding from technical and economic feasibility.

1.149. Refuse chutes (in the absence of the pneumatic garbage-removal system) shall be provided for:

in the college and university buildings having 3 and more floors, the hotels and motelsaccommodating 100 and more persons;

in hospital buildings with 2 and more floors, for 250 and more beds, and in maternity homes

for 130 and more beds;

in buildings with 5 and more floors, designed for other functions.

The necessity in the refuse chutes in other public buildings shall be established basing on theDesign Statement of Work, if properly justified.

For the buildings not equipped with refuse chutes, there shall be a provision for a garbagecollection chamber or a dumping site (unfailingly hard-surfaced, if in town).

1.150. The system of garbage removal from the building shall be designed in line withregional daily refuse collection standards (considering the extent to which the building is provided with modern services and utilities).

The facilities for garbage removal from the building shall be integrated with the area clean-upsystem.

1.151. The refuse chute shaft shall be airtight and sound isolated from structural elements andshall not abut on dwelling quarters and offices with permanent human presence.

1.152. The garbage collection chamber shall be located directly under the refuse chute shaft.

It is not allowed for a garbage collection chamber to be placed under living rooms or adjacentto them or under premises with constant human presence.

The clear height of the chamber shall be at least 1.95 m.

The garbage collection chamber shall have its own outward-opening entrance insulated fromthe entrance to the building by a blank wall (screen) and shall be separated by the fire

partitions and the floor with the fire-resistance limit of at least 1 hour and the zero fire propagation limit.

The floor elevation of the garbage collection chamber shall be over the pavement level or theadjoining roadway by 0.05 - 0.1 m. A different chamber location level is allowed in case of mechanical garbage removal.

1.153. A centralized or combined system of vacuum dust removal shall be provided for in thefollowing buildings:

theatres, concert-halls, museums;

reading-rooms and auditoriums and public library book depositories for 200,000 and moreunits of issue;



shops with the sales area of 6,500 m2 and more;

buildings of hotels, sanatoria, recreational facilities and tourist hostels, hospitals institutionsfor 500 and more patients;

administrative organizations, R&D institutes, and design and engineering organizations with

a staff of 800 and more;specialized buildings with enhanced public-health requirements.

The necessity in the centralized or combined vacuum dust removal system for other buildingsshall be stated by the Design Statement of Work, if justified technically and economically.

In all the other cases it is necessary to provide for indoor dust cleaning with householdvacuum cleaners or manually (by wet-type dust collector).

1.154. A combined vacuum dust cleaning system shall be so designed as to ensure that theeffective range of one inlet valve is at most 50 m.

1.155. In the absence of centralized or combined dust cleaning, setting up a chamber for

vacuum cleaner filter unloading shall be determined by the project statement.

NUTURAL ILLUMINATION

AND SPACE INSULATION

1.156. In addition to SNiP II-4-79, designing without natural illumination is permissible for:

facilities allowed to be located at the basement floor; assembly, conference, and lecture hallsand lobbies; shop floors; social-services reception offices; auditoria, sporting exposition andsporting entertainment halls and skating-rinks; rooms for instructing and coaching staff;massage rooms, sweating-rooms as well as bath-house dry steam rooms; car parks, snack-

bars, isolation ward pigeon holes and staff rooms of pre-schools; anesthetizing rooms, preoperative, instrumental, weighing, thermostat and microbiological boxes, sanitaryinspection stations, as well as - in accord with the project statement - operating rooms,treatment rooms of roentgen diagnostic study offices and other similar offices and rooms.

Artificial lighting as the only kind of illumination may be provided for in respect of facilitieswhich are allowed to be designed without natural lighting (except for store rooms, shop floorsand book depositories); lavatories and kitchenware washing rooms of pre-schools; pigeon

holes and changing rooms of pre-schools designed for the climatic sub-zones IA, IB and IDas well as changing and waiting rooms in bath-houses and bath-and-sanative complexes.

1.157. In the buildings designed for regions with the average monthly July temperature of 21

°С and higher, the fenestrations of the rooms with constant human presence, where, owing to process and public health requirements, sunrays are shut out and room overheating prevented,shall be provided with sun screening if these fenestrations are oriented within the range of 130-315°.

Safety from sunshine and overheating can be ensured by a three-dimensional building layoutsolution. In the buildings of fire-resistance degree I and II and with 5 floors and more, the

exterior sun screening shall be made of incombustible materials. In single- and double-floored buildings, sun screening may be formed by the planting of trees and gardens.

1.158. In the buildings with fewer than 10 floors, fume collection shall be provided for in thecorridors without natural lighting, designed for evacuation of 50 and more persons. Thecorridors used for recreation in educational buildings shall have natural lighting.

1.159. The rooms with natural lighting shall be aired through fanlights, transoms, air vents or

other devices, except for rooms, which due to process requirements are not allowed to let in



the air or shall have air conditioning provided for.

1.160. Draft or angular airing of rooms with constant human presence (including somethrough the corridor or the abutting room)* shall be provided for in the buildings designed for the III and IV climatic regions.

* Except for the rooms, which because of process requirements are not supposed to let inoutdoor air.

1.161. The location of the group cells in pre-schools, 1 - 4-form class-rooms in the generaleducation schools and boarding schools and bedrooms in the boarding schools shall ensureinsulation pursuant to SNiP 2.07.01 -89.

1.162. Whatever the type of illumination (lateral, overhead or combined) in the trainingquarters of the general education schools and boarding schools, left-side light distribution

shall be provided for. In case of insufficiency of normative natural lighting, additionalartificial lighting shall be provided.

1.163*. Room window orientation by cardinals in curative treatment institutions shall bedetermined from Table 13*.

Table 13'

Geographic latitude

Rooms south of 45o

NL

within

45-55o NL

north of 55o NL

Operating, intensive-care, sectionaland delivery rooms

Laboratories for bacteriologicalinvestigation, for infectious

material reception and review, anddissecting rooms

Wards for tuberculosis andinfectious patients

N, NE NW

N, NE, NW,

SE, E

S,SE, E, NE*, NW*

N, NE, NW

N, NE, NW,

SE, E

S,SE, E, NE*, NW*,

N, NE, NW, E

N, NE, NW, S,

SE, E

S,SE,SW, NE*, NW*

Intensive-care wards, infant wardsfor children under 3, playrooms ininfant wards

No orientation to west, no orientation to west andsouth-west for intensive-care wards

_____________ * Allowed for at most 10 % of the total number of the ward beds. Note. The wards oriented to west within the range of 55° NL and more to south for children

under 3 and older and for adults shall be provided with screening from sunray overheating(shutters or other devices).



2. REQUIREMENTS WITH REGARD TO BASIC

ROOMS OF PUBLIC BUILDINGS

2.1. The area of rooms allotted to a group of pre-school children (the "group's rooms") shall be determined using Table 14.

Table 14

Min. area, m2, per child

pre-schools of general typeGroup's rooms day nursery nursery

school

specialized pre-

schools

CloakroomsPre-school group room withrecreation zoneToilet roomRefreshment room

Rooms for special classes

0.94.30.80.15---

0.724.00.650.15---

1.25.71.00.21.6

2.2. The rooms allotted to groups of different age shall be separated from each other and fromother pre-school rooms.

The cloakrooms for pre-school groups located on the second and third floor may be locatedon the first floor.

2.3. The pre-school buildings designed for the IA, IB and IG climatic sub-zones shall haveheated promenade verandas with a per person area of at least, m2:

1.8 - for children of day nursery age

2 - for children of pre-school age

The promenade verandas for children of day nursery age and for children of pre-school ageshall be separated.

2.4. There shall at least two separate emergency escapes from each veranda or group's room.

2.5. The area of rooms for a short-term stay of pre-school children in dwelling houses shall beat least 4 m2 per child. The rooms shall include cloakroom, playroom with a recreation zone,refreshment room, toilet room and a lavatory for service staff.

2.6. The area of music classrooms for pre-school groups shall be calculated proceeding froma per child rate of at least 2 m

2; for gyms – at least 4 m

2:

The number of halls shall be determined according to the design statement of work, but thereshall be no fewer than:

one hall in a pre-school with two groups;two halls in a pre-school with eight groups.

2.7. The size of swimming pools for a pre-school shall be at least:

6 m wide and 10 m long - for a group of pre-schools3 m wide and 6 m long - for a pre-school.

2.8. Areas of basic classrooms shall be calculated on the basis of Table 15.



Table 15Type of rooms Min. area, m

2,

per student

Classrooms, training laboratories of general education: in general education

schools, vocational schools and colleges, training centers 2.0*in universities and advanced training institutions 2.2

Scientific laboratories, drawing classes at schools 2.4*

Laboratories at general education institutions:in colleges 2.2

In universities 4.0

Vocational and special laboratories: in vocational schools and colleges 2.4

In universities 6.0

Computer classrooms 6.06 (per 1

learning placewith a computer

display)

Language laboratories: in all educational institutions, except for universities 2.4

In universities 3.0

Phonetics laboratories 1.8

Drawing rooms, mid-term project and graduation project preparation rooms in

vocational schools and colleges 2.4

Drawing rooms, mid-term project and graduation project preparation rooms in

universities 3.6

Auditoriums, number of seats:

12 - 15 2.5

25 2.2

30 1.8

50- 150 - in vocational schools and colleges 1.2

50-75 - in universities and training centers 1.5

over 75 to 100 - in universities and training centers 1.3

over 100 to 150 - in universities and training centers 1.2

over 150 to 350 1.1

over 350 1.0

50 - 100 – equipped with feedback facilities 1.8

Training workshops and socially-useful labor workshops (except on-site training

institutions) 6.0

________________________

* Seating 30 students per room. In case of a larger number of students, the area of the

classrooms and training laboratories shall be determined as for 30 students. For schools withclassrooms seating less than 30 students, the area of classrooms and other training rooms

shall be set forth in the design statement of work.Note: The area of training rooms not shown in Table 15 shall be set forth in the designstatement of work.



2.9. The area of relaxation rooms (dormitories) for first-form students shall be at least 2 m 2

per student. The area of playrooms for first-form students in schools and boarding-schooleducational buildings shall be at least 2 m2 per student.

2.10. The bedrooms of boarding schools and school boarding houses shall have area of atleast 4 m2 per student.

2.11*. The buildings of the general education schools and boarding schools shall be equippedwith health facilities; area of such facilities and number of medical staff shall be calculatedin accordance with education authorities and Federal Sanitary Supervision authorities.

2.12. Classrooms for the 1st and 2

nd to 4

thforms shall be separate and giving no access to the

students of other age groups.

2.13. The laboratory and production buildings and rooms of scientific and engineeringresearch institutes shall be designed in accordance with SNiP 2.09.02-85.

The doors of Category B laboratory rooms may be made of combustible material and leftunglazed.

2.14*. The area of hospital wards with two or more beds shall be calculated using Table 16*.

Table 16*

Departments Min. area, m2,

per bed

Infectious and tuberculosis dept. for adults 7.5

Infectious and tuberculosis for children:

without accommodation for mothers 6.5

with mothers' daytime presence 8.0

with mothers' round-the-clock presence 10

Orthopedic / traumatological, neuro-surgical (including restorativetreatment), burn treatment, radiological:for adults and in the wards for children with their mothers’ daytime presence 10

for children with their mothers' round-the-clock presence 13

Intensive therapy, post-operative 13

Children's non-infectious:

without accommodation for mothers 6.0

with mothers' daytime presence 7.5 with mothers' round-the-clock presence 9.5

Psycho-neurological and narcological:of common type 6.0

Insulin treatment and supervised 7.0

Psychiatric for children:

of common type 5.0

supervised 6.0

For the newborn babies 6.0

Other 7.0



2.15. The X-ray rooms, radiotherapy rooms, rooms containing sources of ionizing radiation,

radioisotope diagnostics laboratories where works of I and II class are carried out, shall not be located adjacent (neither horizontally nor vertically) to the wards for pregnant women andchildren.

2.16. The per person area of living rooms in sanatoria, preventive treatment sanatoria and

recreation centers shall be calculated using Table 17.

The living room area shall be at least 9 m2.

Table 17

FacilitiesMin. area, m

2,

per bed

Sanatoria, preventive treatment sanatoria, recreation facilities for adults(or families with children):

The year-round ones 6.0

Summer-time 4.5

Senior students' summer-holiday and health-maintenance camps 4.0

Children's rest-cure summer camps 4.5

2.17. No warehouses, luggage offices or other fire-hazardous premises are allowed under or over living rooms and public recreation facilities.

2.18. Auditorium area per one seat shall be at least, m2:

for year-round cinemas ................................................................ 1.0for seasonal cinemas .................................................................... 0.9

for clubs ....................................................................................... 0.65

for theatres, concert- and general-purpose halls .......................... 0.7

Note. Area of an auditorium including balconies, loges and tiers shall be calculated withinenclosing structures:for cinemas - including the stage;clubs, theatres, concert- and general-purpose halls - up to the front boundary of the platform,stage, proscenium, arena or the barrier of the orchestra pit.

2.19. Conference-hall area shall be specified, as calculated per seat, to be at least, m2, for:

in the halls seating up to 150:with desks at chairs ...................................................................... 1.25

without desks ............................................................................... 1.1

in the halls seating over 150:with desks at chairs ...................................................................... 1.1without desks ............................................................................... 1.0

2.20. The area of assembly halls and the auditorium assembly rooms (less platform) shall bespecified, as calculated per one hall seat, to be as at least, m2, for:

general education schools, boardingschools, vocational schools and colleges ..................................... 0.65;universities................................................................................... 0.8.

2.21. The total area of the assembly hall in a building shall be accepted proceeding from

Table 18.



2.22. The total per-student (per-student) area of gyms (not including auxiliary rooms,

swimming pools and athletic halls) shall be at least, m2 :

in undergraduate secondary and secondarygeneral education schools ............................................................ 0.9in vocational schools andspecialized educational institutionsuniversities................................................................................... 1.0in advanced training institutions .................................................. 0.2

The necessity of providing a swimming pool and an athletic halls shall be determined in the

design statement of work.

Table 18

Educational institutions Area, m2, per

student (least)

General education schools 0.22

Boarding schools 0.32

Vocational schools and secondary specialized educational institutions:

urban 0.22

rural 0.32

Universities (except for art colleges and cultural education institutions),with number of students of:

up to 2,000 0.3

over 2,000 to 6,000 0.22

over 6,000 0. 15

Note. The area of clubs attached to assembly-halls shall be accepted as specified in thedesign statement of work.

2.23. The layout of assembly and sports halls, their total area as well the space for communityactivities shall be specified depending on the local conditions and proceeding from the use of

appropriate cultural education institutions and sports and health-maintenance buildings andstructures or public access to the said training space.

2.24. Parameters of cinema projection screens and auditoriums of entertainment and cultural

education facilities equipped with cine-projectors are shown in the recommended Appendix6.

2.25. The volume of auditoriums and lecture halls shall, as a rule, be accepted as, m3 (per

seat):drama theatres.............................................................................. 4-5cinemas ........................................................................................ 4-6clubs............................................................................................. 4-7musical-drama theatres andtheatres of musical comedy.......................................................... 5-7opera and ballet theatres............................................................... 6-8



lecture halls .................................................................................. 4-5

Note. Depending on the layout design of auditorium, the above dimensions may be increasedor decreased by 20% and more by applying appropriate engineering solutions.

2.26. The area of common reading-halls in public libraries of a centralized library system

shall be at least 2.4 m2 per reader seat (for reading-halls equipped with single- or double-seattables).

2.27. The area of the closed-shelf library stores and public records archives shall be at least2.5 m

2 per 1,000 items stored.

The area of the open-shelf library stores shall be at least 4.5 m2 per 1,000 units stored.

2.28. The total library area of educational institutions shall be specified per student (student)

to be at least, m2:

in general education schools and in boarding schools ................. 0.3

in vocational schools.................................................................... 0.6in secondary specialized educational institutions ........................ 0.8in universities and colleges:

engineering colleges............................................................... 1.1

human science and medicine colleges.................................... 1.3cultural colleges ..................................................................... 2.3

2.29. Dining-hall area (less dispenser) shall be specified per seating accommodation to be atleast, m2:

in restaurants................................................................................ 1.8in public and high school dining-rooms....................................... 1.6in cafes, snack-bars, and beerhouses............................................ 1.4in automats, fast-food stands, and soft-drink bars,

in tourist hostels and shelters ....................................................... 1.2in senior students' (summer holiday) camps and

health-maintenance camps ........................................................... 1.0in children's rest-cure summer camps.......................................... 1.4

in general education schools and boarding schools:with up to 80 dining-room seats................................................... 0.75with over 80 dining-room seats.................................................... 0.65in vocational schools.................................................................... 0.8in secondary specialized educational institutions ........................ 1.3

in sanatoria, preventive-treatment sanatoria, holiday homes (boarding guest houses),recreation departments, youth camps, tourist centers:

given self-service ......................................................................... 1.8

(dispenser line included) waiter-served ....................................... 1.4

Note. The dining-hall area of specialized public catering facilities shall be accepted asdirected in the design statement of work.

2.30. Lavatory rooms in public buildings and structures (except for open-air sports grounds)shall be located within 75 m of the most remote location where people are constantly present.

In open-air plane structures, skiing and rowing lodges, the distance from the exercise placesor the grandstands to the lavatories shall not exceed 200 m.

2.31. Rooms or booths for ladies' personal hygiene shall be provided for, given the presenceof more than 14 women: with one hygienic shower available for every 100 women working

in a public building (in the most numerous shift); in the school boarding houses and bedroom blocks of the boarding schools there shall be one for every 70 girls.



Delete par. 2.32.

3. ENGINEERING EQUIPMENT

3.1. Heating, ventilation, air-conditioning and smoke protection emergency ventilation of public buildings shall be designed in accordance with SNiP 2.04.05-86 provisions of thisChapter.

3.2. Automated individualized heat points (IHP) shall be designed for rated heat consumptionover the heating season of 1,00HJ or more; it shall be possible to adjust heat released for

heating purposes to individual technological zones or facades characterized by similar impactor external (sun or wind) or internal (heat liberation) factors.

3.3. IHPs integrated into the buildings they service shall be located in separate premises withan individual entrance or, alternatively, they can be combined with ventilation and air-

conditioning facilities.

The height of the premises to the bottom of protruding structures shall not be less than 2.2 m.

3.4. Separate hot-water heating lines shall be designed for the following premises:

conference halls or canteen rooms complete with adjacent auxiliary premises (for conferencehalls seating up to 400 persons and canteen rooms – up to 160 persons separate heating linesmay not be designed in case those are located within the general body of the building); stage(universal platform); lobby, foyer or hall; dancing room; smaller halls (including the stage) in

buildings of theatres or clubs;

libraries with storage fund of 200,000 volumes or more (for reading rooms, lecture halls and

storage rooms);

retail trade facilities (for unloading premises and sales areas of 400 m2 or more);

Item 3.5 shall be deleted.

3.6. Air distribution chart in public building premises shall be designed on the basis of calculating air distribution.

Table 19

Designed air temperature Multiplicity of air exchange per 1 hour In climatic sub-zones IA,

IB, ID

In all climatic zones,

except for sub-zones1A, IB, ID

Premises

In clima-

tic sub-zones IA,

IB, ID

In climatic

zones II, IIIand

climaticsub-zones

IC, IE

In clima-

tic zoneIV

Inflow Exhaust Inflow Exhaust

Group room,

cloakroom of 2dGroup and 1st

junior group

Group rooms,

cloakrooms of 2d junior group,median group and

23

2221

22

21

20

21

2019

2.5

2.52.5

1.5

1.51.5

-

--

1.5

1.51.5



senior group

Lavatories: Nursery groupsPre-school groups

Buffets

Music rooms andsports halls

2321

1620

2220

1619

21

19

1618

--

-2.5

1.51.5

1.51.5

--

--

1.51.5

1.51.5

Promenadeverandahs

12 - - As per calculation butnot less than 20 m3 per

hour per child

Swimming pool

premises

30 30 30 As per calculation but not less than 50 m3 per

hour per child

3.7. Air distributors used in premises of public buildings shall have variable aerodynamic andheat parameters of incoming air as well as service area radius depending on the volume and

temperature of induced air. Maximum velocity of air intake shall be established by acousticand air distribution calculations.

3.8. Heat emitters with sharp edges located in premises permanently inhabited by pre-school

age children shall be protected with removable wooden screens that would allow regular cleaning of heat emitters.

In case heat radiators are installed under windows in group rooms of pre-school child carefacilities, the distance from the bottom of the radiator to the floor level shall be 50 mm.

3.9. Heated floors shall be designed in group rooms located on the ground floor of all pre-

school child care facilities as well as in sleeping rooms and cloakrooms in institutions for

children with motor function disorders. Average temperature of floor surface shall bemaintained at 23

oC.

3.10. Air venting from sleeping rooms of pre-schooler care facilities that have reach-throughor angular ventilation can be designed to be effected via group premises.

3.11. Rated air temperature and multiplicity of air exchange in pre-schooler care facilitiesshall be designed as per Table 19.

3.12. In general education schools, boarding schools and boarding departments of schools air temperature maintained during work hours in the air heating system shall not exceed 40

oC.

3.13. Air venting from tutorial rooms of general education schools shall be effected throughrecreation premises and lavatories as well as by exfiltration through external glass cover,

taking into account the provisions of SNiP 2.04.05-86.

Design of mechanically induced decentralized forced draft in tutorial premises shall providefor natural exhaust ventilation at the rate of a single air exchange per hour.

Table 20

PremisesDesigned air temperature, oC Multiplicity of air exchange per

hour



Climaticsub-zones

IA, IB, ID

Climaticzones II

and III andclimaticsub-zonesIC and IE

Climaticzone IV

Inflow Exhaust

Classrooms, tutorial rooms and

laboratories

Tutorial workshops

Convention hall or lecture room,choir and music class or club room

Amateur study group premises

Sleeping rooms of boarding schoolsand boarding departments of

schools

21

17

20

21

18

18

15

18

18

16

17

15

18

17

16

16 m3 /hour per person



- 1.5

- 1.5

In case of air heating exhaust channels from tutorial premises need not be designed.

3.14. In case air heating combined with ventilation is designed in school buildings automaticsystem control shall be stipulated, including maintaining designed temperature and relativehumidity within the range of 30 to 60% as well as maintaining air temperature during non-

tutorial hours not lower than 15oC.

3.15. Air re-circulation in air heating systems of school buildings shall be allowed only innon-working time.

3.16. Air exchange in school canteens shall be designed to absorb excessive heat generated by kitchen equipment. Air intake in to kitchen premises shall be effected via canteen hall.

The air intake volume shall not be less than 20 m3 /hour per one seat in the canteen.

3.17. Schools with the total number of students below 200 can have ventilation systemwithout mechanized air intake.

3.18. Designed air temperature and multiplicity of air exchange in school or boarding school buildings shall be maintained as shown in Table 20.

3.19. In convention halls and auditoriums for 150 or more seats of universities located in

climatic zones III and IV, if technical and economic substantiation is available, optimal parameters of air environment shall be designed; in other climatic zones shall be oriented by

permissible parameters stipulated by SNiP 2.04.05-86.

3.20. Design air temperature and air exchange in professional and vocational schools shall beas shown in Table 20; those in institutions of special education and universities shall be asshown in Table 21.

Table 21

Multiplicity of air exchange in 1 hour Premises Design air

temperature,oC

Inflow Exhaust

Auditoriums, tutorial rooms andlaboratories free from emissions of

harmful substances (objectionableodors), annual work or diploma

thesis study rooms with less than 30

18 Through mechanically opened transom windows



seats, conference rooms, conventionhalls

Auditoriums, tutorial rooms and

laboratories free from emissions of harmful substances (objectionable

odors), annual work or diploma

thesis study rooms with more than30 seats, conference rooms,

convention halls

20 m3 per 1 seat

Laboratories and other premisesinvolving emission of harmful or

radioactive substances, laboratorywashrooms equipped with fumecupboards

18 As per calculations in accordance with technicalassignments

Laboratories equipped with high

precision instruments

20 Ditto

Laboratory glassware washrooms

not equipped with fume cupboards

18 4 6

3.21. Heaters may not designed for entertainment facilities, cinema halls, clubsaccommodating more than 375 persons or theatres, if air temperature inside those is notdecreased by more than 8

oC at rated ambient temperature corresponding to the average

temperature of the coldest five-day period (Parameters B). In such case air heating shall be

effected by forced draft or air conditioning effected prior to commencement of show.

3.22. As a rule, radiators shall be used for stage heating in theatres or clubs. In such case theheaters shall be placed on the back wall of the stage or rear stage not higher than 0.5 m abovethe stage plane.

3.23. Combined extract and input ventilation systems shall be designed separately for premises of entertainment complexes, auxiliary stage premises and offices.

The said separation of ventilation systems may not be designed for non-stop show cinema

theatres, general-purpose clubs or those designed for total of up to 375 persons.

3.24. In auditoriums of clubs or theatres equipped with flies remote stage the volume of exhausted air shall be equal to 90% of air-in (including re-circulation) to ensure 10% of additional air in the auditorium: not more than 17% of the total volume of air shall beexhausted through the stage.

3.25. Air parameters in spectator zones of auditoriums of cinemas, clubs or theatres shall beensured by ventilation or air conditioning systems in accordance with the provisions shown inTable 22.

Table 22.

Multiplicity of air

exchange per 1 hour

Premises Designed air temperature,oC

Inflow Exhaust

Additional provisions

Auditorium of 800 seats

or more equipped with platform stage;

auditoriums of up to 600seats equipped with stage

:In cinemas* 16 As per calculation but not In cold season: for



In clubs or theatres 20 less than20 m3/hour of exterior air

per spectator

designing of heatingsystem in cinemas –

14oC; in clubs andtheatres – 16oC; rated air temperature for designingventilation system is 16oC

(20oC for clubs and

theatres);

Auditorium of up to 800

seats equipped with platform stage;auditoriums of up to 600seats equipped with stage:

Relative humidity – 40 to

45% at rated ambient air temperature as per Parameter B.In warm season: not

exceeding 25oC (for cinemas* - not more than26oC); relative humidityRelative humidity – 50 to

55% at rated ambient air

temperature as per Parameter B.

In cinemas*In clubs or theatres

1620

Ditto In cold season: for designing of heatingsystem in cinemas – 14oC; in clubs and

theatres – 16oC; rated air temperature for designingventilation system is 16oC(20oC for clubs and

theatres);

In warm season: it shallnot exceed ambient air temperature by more

than3oC as per Parameter A (for climatic zone IV

the standards applied toauditoriums of 600 seats

or more shall apply toauditoriums of 200 seatsor more)

Stage, rear stage, wings 22 - - -

_____________________

• In case no cloakroom for spectators is designed

Item 3.26 shall be deleted.

3.27. Air conditioning shall be designed for storage of rare books or manuscripts as well asstorage rooms of libraries holding 1,000,000 volumes or more and storage rooms of Class Iarchives.

3.28. Air heating combined with blowing ventilation or air conditioning may be used inreading rooms, lecture halls and storage rooms of libraries holding 200,000 volumes or more.

3.29. As a rule, air heating combined with blowing ventilation or air conditioning shall beused in storage rooms and archives holding over 300,000 units. Water heating shall bedesigned for other archive premises.

3.30. In buildings of libraries holding 200,000 volumes or more separate blowing ventilation

systems shall be designed for storage rooms, reading rooms and lecture halls.



3.31. Natural ventilation calculated for a single air exchange shall be designed for public

libraries holding up to 50,000 volumes in case reading zone shares premises with book fundzone and service zone as well as in archives holding up to 300,000 units.

3.32. Air re-circulation shall be designed in storerooms, lecture halls and reading rooms of libraries holding 200,000 volumes or more as well as in storerooms of archives. The volumeof external air shall be established by calculation. In storeroom premises it shall not exceed10% of the total volume of induced air. The volume of external air in reading rooms andlecture halls shall be equal to at least 20 m

3 per person.

3.33. Naturally induced exhaust ventilation may be used in lecture halls, reading rooms and

library storerooms.

3.34. In library storerooms external and re-circulated air shall be cleaned to ensure maximum permissible dust content in the premises specified in performance specification. The volumeof exhausted air shall be established on the basis of six-fold air exchange per hour in large

storerooms.

Rated air temperature and multiplicity of air exchange in libraries and archives shall bedesigned as per Table 23. Relative humidity of air in library of archive buildings shall be55%.

3.35. Naturally induced ventilation may be designed for retail stores with sales area below250 m

2.

3.36. In retail stores with sales area exceeding 250 m2

the volume of exhausted air shall be

fully compensated.

Rated air temperature and multiplicity of air exchange in retail stores shall be as per Table 24.

Table 23

Multiplicity of air exchange per hour

Premises Rated air temperature, oC

Inflow Exhaust

Reading rooms 18 As per calculation but not less than20 m3/hour of external air per

person

Records storerooms, servicecatalogues storerooms

18 1 1

Copying laboratory 18 2 3

Photographic documents and

microfilms storerooms of librariesand archives

18 As per calculation

Offices of fund custodians 18 2 1.5

Notes: 1. In storage premises of libraries holding over 1,000,000 volumes and Class I archives the air temperatureof 18oC shall be maintained all-year round.2. In storage premises of libraries holding less than 1,000,000 volumes and in Class II and III archives interior

temperature in warm season shall not exceed rated values (Parameters A) by more than 3oC.

Table 24


Premises Rated air temperature,o

C

Inflow Exhaust



Sales areas of retail stores: 250 m 2 or less:

foodstuff storesdepartment stores or industrialgoods stores

1215

--

1

1

250 m 2 or more:

foodstuff storesdepartment stores or industrial

goods stores

1215

As per calculationditto

3.37. Air flowability in the zones of exercises of sports and recreation structures shall notexceed (m/sec.):

0.2 in swimming pool premises (including those designed for recreational swimmingand swimming instructions);

0.3 in sports halls used for wrestling and table tennis; in covered skating rinks androwing pools;

0.5 in other types of sports halls and in halls used for swimming-pool pre-training

halls and premises used for recreational exercises.

3.38. Relative air humidity shall be designed to be:30% to 60% in sports halls not equipped with spectators’ seats, premises used for usedfor recreational activities and halls used for swimming pool preparatory exercises;50% to 60% in swimming pool halls (including rowing pools).Lowest relative humidity values are quoted for the cold season at temperatures specifiedin Table 25.

Thermotechnical calculation of swimming pool walling shall be based on relativehumidity of 67% and temperature of 27

oC.

In zones where glued wooden structures are applied relative humidity shall be ensured to be at least 45% and temperature shall not exceed 35

oC on a 24 hours a day and all-year

basis.

3.39*. Air exchange calculations for universal halls of covered skating rinks with artificial iceand spectators’ seats shall be made for the following operational modes:

ice and spectators’ seats;spectators’ seats when ice is not used;ice without using spectators’ seats.

The calculations for sports halls without the artificial ice and those of covered swimming pools with spectators’ seats shall be made for two operational modes, i.e with and withoutspectators.

In covered skating rinks a ceiling air heating system may be designed to protect the roofing

from condensate formation.

3.40. It is prohibited to locate heaters in niches of outer walls of wet and humid premises.

Exhaust ventilation system of lavatories and smoking rooms can be combined with that of shower rooms.Air extraction from hall premises (except halls of swimming pools) shall, as a rule, beeffected by naturally induced exhaust ventilation systems.

3.41. The sports halls intended for minor localities, residential districts, and rural-areas andhaving no or less than 100 spectators’ seats shall have natural supply and exhaust ventilationto ensure the ventilation rate of 1 per hour.

Table 25Premises Rated air temperature, oC Multiplicity of air exchange per hour



Inflow exhaustSports halls for more than 800spectators, covered skating rinks

with spectators’ seats

Sports halls for 800 or lessspectators (with seats)

18 – in cold season, at relativehumidity of 30% to 45% and rated

ambient temperature as per BParameters;

not higher than 26 (at skating rinks – not higher than 25) in warm

season, at relative humidity figuresnot exceeding 60% (at skating

rinks – not higher than 55%) andrated ambient temperature as per Parameters B;

18 – in cold season. Not more than3oCabove rated temperature of ambient air as per Parameters A.In warm season (for climatic zone

IV as per item 1 of this Table

As per calculations but not less than80 m3 /hour of external air per one

athlete and not less than 20 m3/ hour per 1 spectator

Halls of swimming pools, includingthose used for recreational

swimming of swimming lessons,with or without seats for spectators

Sports halls used by spectators (no

seats)

Sports halls used for swimming preparation exercises, dancing

classes, premises for recreational

exercises

1 to 2 degrees higher that water temperature

15

18

Ditto

As per calculation but not less than80 m3/hour per one athlete

Ditto

Table 26


Premises Rated air tempera-ture,

oC` Inflow Exhaust

Cleanlinesscategory of premises

Multiplicity of extract in natural air

exchange mode

Wards for adult patients,

mothers premises inchildren’s departments,hypo-therapy premises

Wards for TB patients

(adults or children)

Wards for hypotherosis patients

20

20

24

80 m3 /hour per bed100%

80 m3 /hour per bed80% 100%

80 m3 /hour per bed100%

C

D

C

2

2

2

Wards for thyrotoxemia patients

15 Ditto C 2

Post-surgery wards,

intensive case units,

22 As per calculation bot not

less than ten-fold air exchange*

VC Not allowed

Maternity wards, dialysisrooms, general anesthesiawards, 1 or 2 beds wardsfor burn patients, pressure

chambers

100% 80% - aseptic(20% through

generalanesthe-sia

ward, steriliza-tion room,

etc.)



80%

septic

Postnatal wards

2 to 4-bed wards for burn patients, children’s wards

22

22

100%1

100%

100%

100%

C

C

Ditto

Ditto

As per calculation but not

less than

VCWards for immature

infants, breast-fed babies,newly born infants and

traumatized children

25

100%1

100%

80% - aseptic

100% - septic

Not allowed

Isolation wards, semi-

isolation wards, filtrationwards, pre-isolation wards

Infectious department

wards

Prenatal wards, filtrationwards, acceptance and

inspection wards, dressing

rooms, manipulationrooms, pre-surgery wards,treatment rooms, express

milk premises, feedingrooms for babies of up to1 year of age, inoculationwards

Sterilization rooms in

surgical premises

22

20

22

18

2.5

(inflowfrom

corridor)

80 m3/

hour

2

-

2.5

80 m3/ hour

2

3 – septicdepartments

3 – asepticdepartments

D

D

C

D

C

2.5

-

2

2

2

________________

* Supply of sterilized air shall be stipulated

3.42. Air recirculation is acceptable in the sports halls’ air heating systems combined with anventilation and air conditioning system.Rated air temperature and multiplicity of air exchange shall be designed as specified in Table25.

3.43. Heating systems shall be designed for recreation and tourism buildings and structuresfunctioning all the year round as well as the following premises functioning in the summer period:

isolation wards and medical stations in all climatic zones, except zone IV; premises of young pioneer camps.Heating system used in living rooms and canteen halls of summer rest homes, tourist hostelsand boarding houses designed for climatic zones I and II can be arranged in accordance with performance specifications.

3.44. Exhaust ventilation in sleeping rooms of sanatoria and recreation facilities shall, as arule, be designed naturally induced.

Note: Exhaust ventilation in residential rooms of recreation facilities designed for climatic zone IV can be

mechanically induced.



3.45. Air exhaust from residential rooms or hotel rooms equipped with a toilet shall bearranged through toilets.

3.46. Top class hotels (“A” and “B” Class) located in any climatic zone shall have air conditioning in dining halls and production premises of catering facilities that generate

substantial amount of heat; all other auxiliary facilities shall be equipped with combinedextract and input ventilation.

3.47. Rated air temperature in premises of health-care facilities shall be designed as per Table26; rated parameters of interior air in air-conditioned premises designed for climatic zone IVshall be as per Table 27.

3.48. Ventilation systems of hospitals shall exclude airflow from “dirty” zones (D) to “clean”

zones (C). Categorization of departments (premises) by appropriate zones is specified in table26.

3.49. Air conditioning facilities shall be mandatory in surgical premises, general anesthesiarooms, prenatal wards, maternity wards, post-surgery wards, resuscitation departments,intensive care units, one-bed or two-bed wards for burn patients, wards for infants in arms,newly born or premature babies, traumatized children, in pressure chamber halls as well as insterile zone of vivariums for pathogen flora-free animals.Air conditioning shall not be designed in small surgical rooms of clinics or polyclinics aswell as in wards that are fully equipped with cuvettes.

3.50. Air humidification may not be designed for blowing ventilation systems installed inwards of hospitals designed for construction in rural areas.

Table 27

Premises Rated air temperature,

oC

Relativehumidity,

%

MaximumFlowability,

m/sec


Surgical premises

General anesthesia room,maternity wards, post-surgerywards, intensive care units, 1 or 2 bed wards for burn patients,

wards for premature babies, breast-fed or newly born babiesand traumatized children

Somatic and surgical wards

(for adults and children)

23

25

26

55-60

55-60

35-55

0.15

0.15

0.2

As per calculation but notless than 10

As per calculation but notless than 80 m3 per bed

ditto

WATER SUPPLY AND SEWAGE

3.51. Public buildings shall be equipped with domestic, potable, fire and hot water supply,sewage and drainage which are to be designed in accordance with SNiP 2.04.01-85 andMandatory Supplement 8.

In areas where affluent disposal lines are unavailable, the following buildings and structurescan be equipped with sludge digesters or cesspits:





GAS SUPPLY

3.55*. Gas supply systems of public buildings shall be designed in accordance with SNiP2.04.08-87 and Safety Regulations of Gas Facilities.Gas equipment shall not be installed in kitchens of nursery schools or kinder-gartens, buffetsor cafes operating inside theatres or cinemas.Centralized gas supply system in hospitals and outpatient clinics can be designed only in premises of catering service, central storage facilities, laboratories and dental clinics locatedin detached buildings.

4. ACCESSIBILITY REQUIREMENTS CONCERNING HANDICAPPED VISITORS

GENERAL PROVISIONS

4.1. Design of public buildings or structures shall, as a rule, create equal possibilities of obtaining services to all categories of citizens, including handicapped.

1

_________ 1

The category of handicapped visitors shall include crippled persons with injured motor functions, eyesight and

hearing defects as well as old age persons or temporarily disabled persons.

The list of facilities (buildings, structures, premises, service centers) available to handicapped visitors shall beestablished by project assignment duly approved in accordance with established procedure by the territorial socialsecurity agency with due account of the opinion of handicapped persons’ public associations.

Note: Buildings of specialized facilities for the handicapped or old age persons shall bedesigned in accordance with special standards.

4.2. The provisions of this Chapter shall apply only to functional and control elements of

buildings, structures and premises (further referred as buildings) accessible to handicappedvisitors: entrance units, internal communications, visitor service premises (zones) as well asinformation and engineering arrangements.The need for and degree (form) of adapting buildings that are of historical, artistic of architectural significance shall be approved by appropriate agency of monument protection.

4.3. Design quality of public buildings accessible to handicapped visitors shall be achievedthrough compliance with the following mandatory requirements:

accessibility of the point of service, provision of unhindered movement of visitors, safety of movement routes, service centers and rest premises for visitors; ensuring timely provision of

comprehensive and truthful information to visitors; comfortable environment andconvenience of visitors’ service.

Design solutions, projected devices and measure designed for handicapped visitors shall notdiminish efficiency of building’s operation or convenience of services provided to other

categories of visitors.

ACCESSIBILITY

4.4. In accordance with town planning requirements, designs shall ensure unhindered andconvenient access of handicapped visitors who are territorially relevant to the giveninstitution or enterprise.



4.5. The building shall have at least one ground-level entrance as well as entrances from each

sub-level or elevated passageway connected to the building that are specially tailored for handicapped visitors.In case the entrance is controlled, sufficient number of control devices adjusted for admittance of various categories of disabled visitors shall be stipulated.

4.6. Doorways and openings in walls shall be at least 0.9 m wide. In case the depth of a wallopening exceeds 1.0 m, its width shall conform to that of the passage but shall not be lessthan 1.2 m.Doorways, as a rule, shall not have thresholds or differences in height. In case availability of a threshold is essential its height or difference in height shall not exceed 0.025 m.

4.7. The total width of passages, both within the building and in adjacent territory, in caseone-way movement of wheelchair, shall be at least 1.5 m and in case of two-way traffic itshall at least be 1.8 m.

The width of galleries, balconies and loggias (in sanatoria, hotels, etc.) shall at least be 1.5 m

in the clear.

Approach passages to various equipment and furniture used by handicapped visitors shall beat least 0.9 m wide.

4.8. Maneuvering space for wheel chairs in case of a 90o turn shall be equal to at least 1.4 x

1.4 m, in case of a 180o turn it shall be equal to at least 1.4 x 1.5 m.

Dead end corridors shall be suitable for a U-turn of a wheel chair with turning radius of 0.75

m.

Maneuvering depth of wheel chair in front of a door opened by pushing shall be at least 1.2

m; in front of a door opened by pulling it shall not be less than 1.5 m.

4.9. Premises, zones and service stations visited by handicapped visitors shall, as a rule, belocated at the level closest to the ground level. Otherwise, staircases, ramps, and elevators

shall be adjusted to accommodate handicapped visitors.

4.10. Tread width of internal stairways shall at least be 0.3 m and height of steps shall notexceed 0.15 m. For external stairways it is recommended to design tread width not less than0.4 m and height of steps not more than 0.12 m. With the design width of stairways is over 2.5 m, the additional separator guardrail shall be provided.

4.11. The width of one-way ramp shall not be less than 1.0 m; that of a two-way ramp shall

be at least 1.8 m.

All longitudinal inclinations along the way shall not exceed the appropriate parametersallowed for ramps.

Maximum single rise of ramps shall not be more than 0.8 m at inclinations not exceeding 8%.In case of floor height difference of 0.2 m or less the inclination of ramp cam be increased to10%.

4.12. The width of stairway landing shall be equal to that of stairway flight or ramp and be atleast 1.5 deep in its horizontal portion.Cross slope of steps, ramps and landings shall not exceed 2%.



4.13. Clear dimensions of elevator car designed for use by handicapped visitors in wheel

chairs shall at least be: width – 1.1 m; depth – 1.5 m; doorway width – 0.9 m.The depth of landing in front of elevator with automatically opening door used byhandicapped visitors on wheel chairs shall be at least 1.4 m; its width shall be on each side0.25 m wider that the elevator door.

4.14. In case elevators in the building are unavailable and ramp cannot be arranged, a liftingdevice for individual use by visitors in wheel chairs shall be designed. Exits from such liftingdevice shall be arranged on the floor levels where premises visited by disabled persons arelocated.

SAFETY

4.15. Entrance porches, stairways and lifting devices for handicapped persons located outside buildings shall be protected from atmospheric precipitation (at least be sheltered by

canopies).

Paving of approach ways shall be strong and skid-resistant in wet condition and shall nothinder movement of handicapped visitors.

4.16. Passageways of handicapped visitors inside the building (dimensions, slopes, protrusions and openings) shall be designed in accordance with the provisions of normativedocuments with regard to evacuation routes from the building in case of an emergency.

Class 3 stairways shall not be taken into account in calculations of evacuation routes for handicapped visitors.

Ramp used as evacuation route from the first floor and higher floors shall be directly

connected to the outside exit.

4.17. Structural elements of buildings as well as devices located on walls and other verticalsurfaces of passageways at the height of 0.7 m to 2m from the floor level (inside buildings) or

0.7 m to 2.1 m from pavement (outside buildings) shall not protrude by more than 0. 1 m.Devices or indicators mounted on a separate stand shall not protrude by more than 0.3 m.

Protection barriers, handrails, etc. shall be installed under an open-stairway flight and building’s other protruding elements less than 1.9 m high.

4.18. On passageways used by handicapped visitors the use of swinging or rotating doors or gates shall not be allowed. It is recommended to use latches to fix door leaf in two positions:

“opened” and “closed”. Automatic doors and power driven doors shall be used with at least a5-second time lag.

In case an automatic or semi-automatic door is used en route of evacuation, it shall be backedup with an unfastened door openings.

4.19. Transparent barriers and doors shall be made of impact resistant material. Lower part of

doors shall be protected with an impact-proof bar to the height of 0.3 m.

Non-transparent marking shall be applied to the surface of transparent barriers and doors 1.5m above the floor level.



4.20. Guardrails shall be mounted on both sides of stairways and ramps as well as at all

points with over 0.45-cm height difference. Ramp handrails shall, as a rule, be positioned atthe height of 0.7 to 0.9 m; stairway handrails shall be placed at the height of 0.9 m.

On the inner side of stairway handrails shall run continuously throughout its height. Thehandrail on each side of a flight or a ramp slope shall be longer than those by 0.3 m.

4.21. All the treads within a stairway flight or staircase shall be similar in geometry and widthand rise.

At least 0.05 m high upstands shall be arranged on the edges of stairway flight and along the

ramp rims and the lines of the horizontal-surface level changes by more than 0.45 m to prevent glissade of foot, cane, crunch or wheelchair.

4.22. Rated number of persons (both officers and visitors, including handicapped persons) in premises facing a dead corridor shall not exceed 30.

4.23. Safety measures (fencing, barriers, border stone, etc.) shall be arranged in zonesreserved for spectators on wheel chairs in amphitheater - shaped auditoriums, convention hallsand lecture rooms,

4.24. Closed space locations (elevator car, toilet facility, etc.) where handicapped visitor canfind him/herself alone shall be equipped (if such devices are available in the building) withemergency two-way communication facility to connect with supervisor or on-duty officer;such facilities shall be also be available to persons with hearing defects. Such premises shall be equipped with emergency lighting.

AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION

4.25. Information shall be made available to all categories of handicapped visitors.

Information facilities of public building shall be continuous; it shall ensure timely orientationof visitor and clear identification of objects and locations.

4.26. Entrances, communications, premises and zones of service accessible to handicappedvisitors as well as parking zones reserved for handicapped persons’ vehicles shall be markedwith internationally accepted signs. Visual, sound and tactile information systems shall be provided with regard to the type and place of services rendered and potential hazards.

4.27. Dual (sound and visual) signals connected to fire alarm system shall be designed in premises and zones visited by handicapped visitors.

Light alarm in the form of lamp signaling shall be turned on simultaneously with soundalarm. Blinking frequency of light alarm shall be below 5 Hz.

Light and sound information signals shall be arranged at the door of each elevator designed

for handicapped persons.

4.28. To ensure faultless orientation visual information shall be positioned on a contrast background and at an easily visible height; the size of symbols shall correspond to theviewing distance.The use of visual information can be limited in premises presenting special requirements withregard to artistic execution of interior decoration, in display rooms of fine arts-related

facilities (museums of fine arts, exhibitions, etc.); in such cases other methods of informationshall be applied.



4.29. Distinctive surfaces that serve as contact warnings to the blind shall be unified withinthe building of complex of buildings in a residential district.

Elevator control buttons as well as those used to control other equipment or instruments shall bear sculptured designations. Handrails shall bear sculptured designation of the floor.

4.30. Sectors of flooring at the distance of 0.6 m to beginning of a stairway, ramp or turn of route as well as door openings shall be covered with pronounced riffling and a contrast paint;warning lights may also be used.

COMFORT

4.31. Each floor accessible to handicapped visitors shall have resting zones to accommodate 2or 3 persons, including the disabled ones in wheel chairs.

4.32. In case several identical seats (instruments, devices, etc.) to serve visitors are available,5% of their total number (but not less than one) shall be designed to be used by handicapped persons.

4.33. Vacant space with plane dimensions not less than 0.9 x 1.5 m shall be reserved at desks,counters and other service locations as well as at wall instruments, equipment or devices used by handicapped visitors.

4.34. Design of interiors, selection and layout of process equipment or other devices,instruments of gadgets shall proceed from the assumption that for visitor seating in wheelchair accessibility zone shall lie within the following limits:

- if located to the side of the visitor – not higher than 1.4 m and not lower than 0.3 m fromthe floor;

- in case of frontal approach – not higher than 1.2 m and not lower than 0.4 m from thefloor.

Individual desk tops or other surfaces used by visitors in wheel chairs shall not be higher than0.8 above the floor level.

4.35. Devices for opening of closing doors, horizontal handrails as well as handles, levels,taps, buttons and other gadgets that can be used by handicapped visitors shall be mounted atthe height of not more than 1.1 m and not less than 0.85 m above the floor.

For doors located in the corner of corridor of premises the distance from door handle to thesidewall shall not be less than 0.6 m.

4.36. At least one special toilet cabin in visitors’ toilets (except in institutes specified in Item3.51 of this SNiP) shall be designed for handicapped visitors. In case special toilets for

visitors are not available, such specialized toilet cabins shall be designed in case calculatednumber of visitors is above 50 and duration of visitor’s stay in the building is more than 1

hour.

Toilets and rooms with washstands for visitors shall be placed in locations that are convenientfor handicapped visitors.

Dimensions of specialized toilet cabin shall not be less than: width – 1.65 m; depth – 1.8 m.The doors shall be opened outside.



4.37. Lever-type of push-type water taps are recommended for use in sinks; if possible, theyshall be electronically controlled.It is recommended to place flushing control of closet basin on the sidewall of the cabin.

4.38. In auditoriums, concert halls and lecture rooms seating more than 50 persons at least4% of chairs equipped with built-in individualized listening-in devices.Electromagnetic circuitry or other engineering systems of individual wireless devices can beused in halls. Such seats shall be located to ensure unobstructed view of the podium and signlanguage translator.

4.39. Illumination intensity of locations visited by handicapped visitors shall be upgraded onestep in premises where they may be staying.

Illumination difference between adjacent premises or zones shall not be more than 1:4.



APPENDIX 1*

Recommended

LIST

OF GROUPS OF PUBLIC BUILDINGS, FACILITIESAND STRUCTURES

1. Buildings for education, upbringing and personnel training

1.1. Pre-schools of common, specialized, and sanative type, and those merged with primaryschool.

1.2. General education and specialized schools and boarding schools, training and productioncenters shared by several schools.

1.3. Vocational schools and educational institutions for training and re-training of working personnel.

1.4. Specialized institutions of secondary education.

1.5. Universities.

1.6. Educational institutions for training specialists and upgrading their qualification.

1.7. Out-of-school institutions.

2. Buildings for research and development institutions, design and public organizations

and management

2.1. Buildings for research and development institutes, excepting large special structures.

2.2. Buildings of design and development organizations.

2.3. Buildings of information centers.

2.4. Buildings for administrative bodies.

2.5. * Buildings for public organizations.

2.6. * Buildings for providing of loans, insurance and those for commercial purposes.

2.7. Buildings for archives.

3. Buildings and structures for health care and recreation

3.1. Those for in-patient medical treatment, delivery clinics, out-patient policlinics, pharmacies, milk product kitchens, balneological and mud treatment clinics.

3.2. Full-time and after-work sanatoria.

3.3. Institutions for recreation and tourism.



4. Buildings and structures for sanitary physical training and sports

4.1. Outdoor structures for physical training and sports.

4.2. * Buildings and indoor structures.

4.3. Physical training & sports and sanitary facilities.

5. Buildings of institutions for culture promotion & public education and entertainment

5.1. Libraries.

5.2. Museums and exhibitions.

5.3. Club buildings (clubs, houses and palaces of culture, recreational centers, etc.).

5.4. Buildings for entertainment (theaters, concert halls, movie theaters, circuses, etc.).

6. Buildings for retail outlets, public catering and consumer services

6.1. Buildings for retail outlets.

6.2. Buildings for public catering, excepting public catering buildings and rooms related toancillary buildings and rooms belonging to industrial enterprises.

6.3. Buildings for consumer service enterprises designed for rendering services of non- productive nature to residents on a direct basis.

7. Transport buildings designed for

rendering services to residents on a direct basis

7.1. Passenger terminals of all kinds of transport.

7.2. Passenger service offices and travel agencies, booking pavilions.

8. Utility buildings, excepting production, storage and transportation buildings and

structures

8.1. Buildings for civic rites, undertakers’ offices.

8.2. Housing operation ones.

8.3. Buildings of hotel enterprises, motels and campings.

8.4. Public toilets.

8.5. * Baths and bath & sanitation facilities.



9. Multifunctional buildings and facilities

including premises for various purposes



APPENDIX 2*

Mandatory

DEFINITIONS

Laboratory (lecture-room) for taking special courses with special equipment – a roomrequiring a constant humidity and heating profile and a constant air composition(accommodating computers or laboratories with machine tools requiring especially preciseoperation, etc.).

Elevator hall – a room in front of entrances to elevators.

Loggia * - a room roofed and fenced on three sides in line and open towards outside.

Basement or ground floor compartment – a space confined by fire safety barriers (walls, partitions, ceiling slabs). Premises can be separated within a compartment with partitionsshowing a fire resistance limit to Table 1, SNiP 2.01.02-85.

Tambour – passage space between doors designed for protection against cold air, smoke and

smells at the entrance to a building, staircase or other premises.

Grandstand – a space with upward inclined rows of seats for spectators.

Conventional archive documents storage unit – corresponds to a conventional file sized

210x297x17 mm in archive stores with horizontal archive storage system arranging a shelf with two rows in height of primary means of storage sized 245x350x180 mm (10 files ineach) for 1 m of rack.

Conventional library stock storage unit – corresponds to a conventional book sized

203x260x18 mm in book stores of public libraries with systematically arranged stock onstationary racks with 45 storage units placed on 1 m of rack shelf.

Garret – space between the roof or outer walls constructions and the upper floor ceiling slab.

Attic floor – a floor accommodated inside garret space.

Elevated floor – a floor where the room floor elevation is not lower than the planned groundelevation.

Basement – a floor where the room floor elevation is lower than the planned ground elevation by more than half of the room height.

Service floor – a floor for utility equipment and laying of services. It can be in the lower

(service underground), upper (service garret) or middle part of the building.

Ground floor – a floor where the room floor elevation is lower than the planned groundelevation by a height not more than half of the room height.



APPENDIX 3*

Mandatory

RULES OF CALCULATION OF TOTAL, USABLE AND DESIGN

FLOOR AREAS, OF CUBICAL CONTENT,

BUILT-UP AREA AND NUMBER OF FLOORS IN BUILDINGS

1. The total area in a public building is specified as a sum total of the areas of all the floorsincluding the service, attic, ground and basement floors.

The area of floors in buildings shall be measured within the inner surfaces of the outer walls.The area of mezzanine floors, passages to other buildings, glazed galleries and balconies inhalls for spectators and other halls shall be included in the total area of a building within onefloor only.

If the outer walls are inclined, the floor area shall be measured at the floor level.

2. The usable area in a public building is specified as the sum total of the areas of all the

rooms accommodated therein as well as that of the balconies and mezzanines in the halls andthe lobby, etc., except that of the staircases, elevator shafts, open inner stairways and accessramps.

3. * The design area in public buildings is specified as the sum total of all rooms housedtherein, except the corridors, tambours, passages, staircases, elevator shafts, open inner stairways as well as that of the rooms designed for utility equipment and services.

The area of the corridors used as recreational rooms in the buildings of educationalinstitutions or designed as recreational/waiting rooms for customers in the buildings of hospitals, sanatoria, holiday/rest homes, movie theaters and other similar institutions shall beincluded in the rated area.

The areas of the radio-rooms, switchboard and ancillary rooms attached to platforms andstages, those of film projector rooms, those of niches of min. 1 m in width and 1.8 m andmore in height (excepting utility niches) as well as of those in cupboards (except utilitycupboards) shall be included in the rated area of the building.

4. The underground area for ventilation of buildings under design for construction on permafrost soil, that of the garret, service underground (service garret) with a height from thefloor level to the bottom of protruding constructions of less than 1.8 m as well as that of loggias, tambours, outside balconies, porticoes, porches, and open outside stairways shall benot included in the total, usable and design areas of buildings.

5. The areas in the rooms of buildings shall be specified using their dimensions measured between the finished wall surfaces and partitions at the floor level (without regard for angle

fillets). To specify the area of a mezzanine room, the area in this room with a height of theinclined ceiling not lower than 1.6 m shall be taken into consideration.

6. The cubical content of a building shall be specified as the sum total of the cubical contentabove the ±0.00 elevation (the elevated part) and below this elevation (the subsurface part).

The cubical content of the elevated and subsurface portions of a building is specified in theconfines of limiting surfaces including fencing constructions, monitors, domes, etc. beginningfrom the finished floor elevation in each portion of the building without regard for protrudingarchitectural extras and structural elements, under-floor ducts, porticoes, terraces, balconies,the cubic content of passages and the space under buildings on supports (net dimensions) or ventilated underground space beneath buildings under design for construction on permafrost

soil.



7. The coverage area of a building shall be specified as the horizontal cross-sectional area

around the outlines of the building at the basement level including protruding parts. The areaunder buildings placed on columns as well as passages under such buildings are included inthe coverage area.

8. * To specify the number of floors in a building, this number shall comprise all elevated

floors including the service, mezzanine and ground floor, if the ceiling of the latter is min. 2m above the planned average ground elevation.

The underground space for ventilation under buildings under design for construction on permafrost soil, regardless of its height, shall be not included in the number of elevatedfloors.

If there is a different number of floors in various parts of a building and also if the building is positioned in an inclined area, the number of floors increasing due to the slope, the number of floors shall be specified for each part of the building separately.

To specify the number of floors in a building, the service floor above the upper floor shall benot taken into account.

9. The trading area in a store shall be specified as the sum total of the areas of trading halls,rooms for taking and handing over filled orders, a cafeteria hall and areas for rendering thecustomers extra services.



APPENDIX 4*

Mandatory

LIST

OF ROOMS IN PUBLIC BUILDINGS WHICH

CAN BE POSITIONED IN BASEMENTS AND

ON GROUND FLOORS

Basements

1. Boiler rooms; pump rooms for water and sewerage; ventilation and air conditioningchambers; control and other rooms for installation and control of utilities and services;machine rooms for elevators.

2. Lobbies, providing there is an exit out of it to the outside through the ground floor;cloakrooms, toilets, shower rooms; smoking rooms; cloakrooms; cubicles for women’s personal hygiene.

3. Utility and storage rooms (except rooms for storage of flammable and combustible fluids).

4. Food store rooms; rooms in consumer goods stores of up to 400 m2 in trading area (exceptstores and departments selling flammable materials and combustible fluids); rooms for buying of empty glass bottles and jars from customers, storage of containers and cleaningimplements.

5. Public catering enterprises.

6. Sanitary check rooms; disinfection rooms; labor and work safety offices; laundry handlingrooms; rooms for storage of patients‘ belongings; rooms for temporary storage of corpses;unloading rooms; unpacking rooms; rooms for storage and wash-up of food warmer cars and

gypsum; stores of radioactive substances; storage rooms for radioactive waste and laundrycontaminated by radioactive substances; sterilization rooms for hospital vessels and oil

cloths; rooms for disinfection of beds and sterilization of equipment; rooms for storage,regeneration and heating of healing mud; rooms for washing and drying of sheets, canvasesand tarpaulins; compressor rooms.

7. Rooms for ironing and cleaning clothes; rooms for drying clothes and footwear; laundry

washing rooms.

8. Laboratories and lecture-rooms for special courses with special equipment.

9. Workshops (except training ones and workshops in medical treatment institutions).

10. Comprehensive consumer service receiving stations; rooms for visitors, showrooms, picture taking rooms, photographic studio halls with laboratories; hire station rooms; familycelebrations halls.

11. Radio-rooms, cinematographic and photographic laboratories; closed circuit televisionrooms.

12. Rifleranges; sports halls, and training and fitness rooms (without stands for spectators);

ski storage rooms; billiard-rooms; table tennis rooms, bowling facilities.

13. Book storage rooms; archive storage rooms; medical archives.



14. Movie theaters or their halls with up to 300 seats; exhibition halls; rooms for adults‘hobby clubs, lobbies.

15. Gambling machine halls, table game halls, rehearsal halls (with up to 100 visitors in eachcompartment at a time). In this case, the wall and ceiling finishes shall be designed usingnon-combustible materials.

16. * Stage, platform and arena holds, orchestra pits, orchestra director‘s and musicians‘rooms.

17. Disco clubs for 50 dancing couples.

18. Rooms for waste paper collection and packing.

19. Luggage rooms; rooms for luggage handling.

Ground floor

1. All rooms which are allowed in basements.

2. Admission offices, inquiry offices, reception desks, savings banks, box and bookingoffices; travel agencies; go-home patients rooms; centralized laundry handling rooms.

3. Service and office rooms.

4. Swimming pools, indoor skating rinks with artificial ice without spectators’ stands.

5. Photocopying services rooms.

6. Registration halls.

7. Saunas.

8. * Laboratories preparing radon and hydrogen sulphide water in water treatment clinics.

Notes: 1. On ground floors with the floor level not lower than 0.5 m beneath the planned sidewalk or

pitched work elevation, accommodation of all rooms is allowed, except for children’s stay at children’s

pre-school institutions, classrooms at schools, boarding schools and vocational training schools, ward

stations, electrical light treatment rooms, delivery rooms, surgical theaters, x-ray rooms, treatment

rooms and surgeries, dwelling rooms.2. The SNiP 2.07.01-89 and VSN 01-89 shall be followed, if motorcar garages are positioned in

basements or on ground floors in public buildings, except the children’s pre-school institutions,

schools and boarding schools and health care institutions with in-patient treatment.



APPENDIX 5

Mandatory

REQUIREMENTS FOR ARRANGEMENT OF FIRE CURTAIN AND SMOKE

HATCHES IN COVER ABOVE STAGE

1. The fire curtain cloth shall span the construction portal opening to 0.4 m on the sides and0.2 m on the top and be gas-impermeable.

The horizontal pressure from the auditorium side set at 10 Pa per every meter of the stage

from the board to the roof top with the overload factor of 1.2 shall be taken into account for design of the fire curtain frame and fire safety doors (blinds) of scenery stores. The deflectionof the steel elements of the curtain shall not exceed 1/200 of the design span.

The fire curtain shall be driven by its own gravity at a speed of min. 0.2 m/s. The curtain shall be remotely controlled from three locations: from the fire station room, from the stage boardand from the fire curtain winch room.

The curtain shall be fitted with sound and light alarms giving a warning of its ascent anddescent

2. The open hatch cross-section area shall be calculated or set at 2.5% of the flies stage per every 10 m in height from the hold floor to the stage cover.

The hatch valves shall be opened by their own weight, when they are released from thegrippers. In this case, account shall be taken of the congealing forces set at 0.3 kN/m on theedges around the valve.

The winch driving the hatch valves shall be equipped with remote control from the stage board, fire safety control station room and the room for this winch.

The heightening above the smoke hatches shall be made of non-combustible materials and thevalves shall be made of hard-to-burn ones.

If smoke hatches are arranged in the opposite stages of the stage box, they shall be securedagainst blowing-in.



APPENDIX 6

Recommended

REQUIREMENTS TO PARAMETERS OF AUDITORIA

AND SCREENS FOR FILM SHOWS

1. It is recommended to design the seats for spectators in auditoria for film shows within the

area indicated in the drawing below. The symbols in the drawing have the followingmeaning:Д – the length of the auditorium along its axis from the screen to the seat-back in the last row;Г – the distance along the axis of the auditorium from the film screen to the seat-back in thefirst row: Г = 0.36 Д.The film screen dimensions are shown in the drawing below:Ш – the width of the working field in the screen (curved line by the chord);В – the height of the working field in the screen.The relationships between В and Ш are set at:

Вф1*

: Шф = 1 : 2.2Вш : Шш = 1 : 2.35Вк : Шк = 1 : 1.66Во : Шо = 1 : 1.37

It is recommended to set the screen width (Ш) depending on the auditorium length (Д) asfollows:

Шф = 0.6Д (0.54 Д)2*

Шш = 0.43Д (0.39 Д)Шк = 0.34Д (0.3 Д)Шо = 0.25 Д (0.22 Д)

It is recommended to set the distance from the screen to the seat-back in the first row (Г)depending on the screen width (Ш) as follows:

Гф min. 0.6 ШфГш min. 0.84 Шш

Го min. 1.44 Шо

The movie theater curvature radius is set at min. Д.The drawing below shows the auditorium dimensions when the film projector equipment isinstalled. The symbols in the drawing have the following meaning:П – the projection distance 3* which shall be min. 0.85 Д;φ – the deviation angle of the optical film projector axis from normal in the center of thescreen:

φг - max. 7o4*

φв - max. 8o

φн - max. 3o;

К – the distance from the upper projection beam to the nearest ceiling surfaces – min. 0.6m;Л – the distance from the lower projection beam to the floor in the spectators’ seats area – min. 1.9 m; ___________ 1*

The indices at the dimensions Ш, В and Г are for screens: ф – wide format, ш – wide, к – masked, о – ordinary.2*

The data in parentheses are for movie theaters, clubs and theaters with the seasonaloperation mode..3*

Max. 34.5 m, if film projection equipment from domestic manufacturers is used.4* It is allowed to be set at max. 9o in clubs and theaters.

T – the depth of the space beyond the screen5*:

0.9 m with a wide screen;1.5 m with a wide format screen;



P – the distance form the screen edge to the walls:

min. 0.985 m with a flat screen;min. 0.1Ш with a rounded screen.In the construction of visibility to a designed viewing point

6*, it is recommended to set the

height of the sight beam aimed at that point at 0.14 m above the eye level of the spectator sitting in front (0.12 m is possible for reconstruction).The height of the eye level above the floor level of the spectator sitting in front shall be set at1.2 m.

T h e a r e a w h e r e t h e f i l m

p r o j e c t o r s a r e p o s i t i o n e d

T h e a r e a w

h e r e t h e

s p e c t a t o r s ’ s e a t s a r e

Dimensions of auditoria and film screens for film shows

___________ 5* 0.1 to 0.3 m is allowed for one-channel sound playback or if the loudspeaker is positioned on the sides of thescreen.6* The lower film screen edge in movie theaters.



Exclude APPENDIX 7



APPENDIX 8

Mandatory

REQUIREMENTS FOR INTERIOR FIRE SAFETY WATER PIPELINE IN

BUILDINGS OF CULTURE PROMOTION AND ENTERTAINMENT

INSTITUTIONS, LIBRARIES, ARCHIVES

AND SPORTS FACILITIES

1. The availability of the relevant equipment in the buildings of culture promotion andentertainment institutions shall be envisaged as follows:

fire cocks – in movie theaters and clubs with stages, if there are up to 700 seats in theauditorium; fire cocks and drenchers according to item 9 in this appendix, if there are morethan 700 seats and flies are available;

fire cocks and drenchers – in clubs with stages sized (m): 12.5x7.5; 15x7.5; 18x9 or 21x12, if there are up to 700 seats in the auditorium;

fire cocks, drenchers and sprinklers – in clubs with stages sized 18x9 or 21x12 m, if there aremore than 700 seats in the auditorium or with stages sized 18x12 or 21x5 m regardless of thenumber of seats.;

fire extinguishing plants – in the demonstration facilities in theaters with 600 and more seatswith panoramic, three-sided and central type stages.

2. The availability of interior fire cocks and sprinklers according to the requirements in items

4 and 11 of this appendix shall be envisaged in production rooms and standby stores sited in aseparate building on the same lot where the theater building is located or if the ancillary and production rooms are positioned in the theater building.

The availability of sprinklers shall be envisaged according to the requirements in item 11 of this appendix and the water consumption values shall be set according to the requirements inthe SNiP 2.04.01-85, if production rooms and standby stores are sited in a separate building beyond the lot where the theater building is located.

3. The water consumption values for interior fire extinguishing from fire cocks shall be set asfollows:

2 jets with min. 2.5 l/s – in theater and club buildings with stages with up to 300 seats in theauditorium, 2 jets with min. 5 l/s each – if there are more than 300 seats;

2 jets with min. 2.5 l/s and 2 jets with min. 5 l/s each – in clubs with stages and theater buildings.

4. Fire cocks shall be installed at the entrances to the auditorium and to the stage or platformas well as at the entrances to staircases.

In club buildings with stages sized (in meters): 18x12, 21x12 or 21x15 and in theater buildings extra 65 mm-diameter, 19 mm spray fire cocks with a 10 m long hose shall beinstalled on the stage board.

50 mm-diameter, 16 mm spray fire cocks with a 10 m long hose shall be installed on flies andwork galleries; the same in all other theater rooms at the hose length of 20 m.

5. 3 fire cocks shall be installed on the stage board of up to 500 m2 in area. 4 shall beinstalled, if the area is larger.

At least two fire cocks, one on the right and on the left side of the stage, shall be placed oneach work gallery and flies.



It is allowed to install the cocks openly, without cabinets.

6. The fire cocks shall be positioned in such a way as to spray every point in the rooms withtwo jets.

7. The interior fire cock network shall form a loop and connect at two inlets both to the

outside network and to the distribution rake of the sprinkling and drenching systems.Separating valves in the network shall be installed to cut off the stretches with at most twotaps. Valves or gates shall be installed at the base of risers with more than two fire cocks.

8. The free head at fire cocks shall be considered for the resulting compact jet to spray thetallest part of the room under design. The head at the fire cocks on the stage board shall provide for compact jets of the height exceeding the distance from the board to the flies deck by 2 m.

9. Drenchers shall be installed under the stage and rear stage flies, under the lower tier of the

work galleries and the lower catwalks connecting them, in the safe with rolled up scenery andin all stage openings, including the portal, pockets and rear stage as well as the hold portionoccupied with constructions of the built-in stage equipment and hoists.

The sprinkling of the fire curtain shall be provided for from the stage side.

10. Stage and rear stage coatings, all work galleries and catwalks, except the lower ones, thehold (except the built-in stage equipment), stage pockets, rear stage as well as stores, store

rooms, workshops, easel and 3-D scenery rooms and the dust removal chamber shall beequipped with sprinklers.

11. The arrangement of drenchers and sprinklers shall be done on the basis of the followingconditions:

the floor area protected by one drencher/sprinkler is set at max. 9 m2 with an averagespraying intensity of min. 0.1 l/s per 1 m

2 of the floor area;

the water consumption for spraying onto the stage openings shall be set at 0.5 l/s per 1 m of opening, that for spraying onto the stage portal – min. 0.5 l/s per 1 m of the portal width, if the portal is up to 7.5 m high, and 0.7 l/s per 1 m, if the height is over 7.5 m.

The free head in the remotest sprinkler placed at the highest point shall be min. 500 MPa (5 mof water column).

Every sprinkler in the same building shall have the same outlet diameter.

12. Provisions for the control of drenchers shall be made as follows:

electric or hydraulic control from two locations on the stage board and from the fire stationroom for the stage, rear stage and stage openings protection segments;

remote electric or hydraulic control from the above mentioned locations and automaticcontrol from sensors on the control unit for the stage sprinklers designed for the stage portaldrench curtain;

remote control from the room where the distribution rake is installed – for the segmentsecuring the safe with rolled-up scenery.

13. The drenchers for the stage and rear stage flies, those for the lower work galleries tier andthe connecting catwalks shall be put together to one or several segments.

The drenchers above the stage door openings and the rear stage opening shall be put together to one segment. The drenchers for the stage portal and safe with rolled-up scenery shall be

divided into two separate segments.



14. The sprinklers installed on the stage, rear stage, in side pockets, and stage hold shall be

put together to one segment with separate control. It is allowed to connect fire cocks on thework stage galleries to the risers for the stage spraying system.

15. The total design water consumption is set as the largest of two options for the interior fireextinguishing means operation:

stage sprinklers (stage coating, all work galleries and catwalks), simultaneous operation of two fire cocks on the stage board with a total consumption of min. 10 l/s and two cocks onthe upper work galleries with a total consumption of 5 l/s as well as the operation of the stage portal drenchers segment;

all drenchers under the stage and rear stage flies, lower work galleries tier and connectingwork catwalks, simultaneous operation of two fire cocks on the stage board with a totalconsumption of min. 10 l/s and two cocks on the upper work galleries with a consumption of 5 l/s as well as the operation of the stage portal drenchers segment.

16. In the case that the head in the outer network is not adequate to provide for the design

operation of fire safety devices, provision shall be made for installation of pumps which shall

be actuated as follows:

remote start by pressing the buttons at fire cocks, if there are no sprinklers or drenchers;

automatic start – if there are sprinklers and drenchers, with remote duplication (for start andstop) from the fire station and pump station rooms.

17. The fire pump units shall have a 100% redundancy and be installed in separate heatedrooms with exits directly to the outside or to a staircase. In movie theater and club buildingsequipped with fire cocks only pumps may be installed in the boiler room/house.

18. To connect hoses of movable fire pumps from the pressure line between the pumps andthe distribution rake of the sprinkling and drenching systems, two 80 mm-diameter outlets

with check valves and standard fire head connectors shall be brought out.

19. Pumps for domestic water supply shall be mounted on vibration insulating base plates andseparated by elastic inserts from supply pipes and the interior network.

20. In the case that the outer running water network capacity is not adequate to supply thedesign water quantity for fire extinguishing or the supply pipes are connected to spur

networks, provision shall be made for underground reservoirs. Their capacity shall be enoughto afford the following requirements:

one hour’s operation of the designed interior fire cocks number with the design water consumption;

one hour’s operation of sprinkling or drenching systems with the design water consumption;

one hour’s consumption of water for outside fire fighting.

21. Provision for the water supply for fire fighting in library and archive buildings shall bemade, if the relevant building has a content of 7,500 m3 and over. The water consumptionstandards and number of jets for interior fire fighting shall be set in compliance with the SNiP2.04.01-85.

22. In buildings for sports, if sprinklers are used, the spraying intensity shall be set at 0.08 l/s

per 1 m2, providing that an area of up to 120 m

2 is to be sprayed simultaneously for 30

minutes.



APPENDIX 9*

Mandatory

LIST OF ROOMS IN PUBLIC BUILDINGS

FOR WHICH AUTOMATIC FIRE ALARM

SHALL BE ENVISAGED

Buildings Rooms

1. Children’s pre-school institutions

2. Schools for more than 360 students,

boarding schools and school boarding

houses

3. Vocational training, special secondary

and universities

4. Scientific research institutes

5. Medical treatment institutions

6. Sanatoria, institutions for rest and

tourism

7. Hotels and motels

8. Management offices of design and

development organizations

9. Archives for 150,000 and morestorage units

10. Libraries holding 500,000 and more

storage units

11. Indoor sports and physical training

structures with more than 500 m2

inarea

All rooms, except vegetable stores and rooms listed in Note 1.

All rooms, except classrooms, rooms for general education courses,

recreational halls, sports halls, primary and final food processing

shops, the principal’s and his deputies’ offices, and the rooms listed

in Note 1

According to the List of Buildings and Rooms for Higher and

Special Secondary Education Institutions in the USSR Subject to

Mandatory Equipment with Automatic Fire Alarm Systems

approved in the established manner

According to the “Fire Safety Rules for Institutions, Organizations

and Enterprises of the USSR Academy of Sciences” (SSBO 105-87)

agreed with the Main Fire Control Department at the USSR Interior

Ministry on 10.09.87 No. 7/1/2/93

According to the List of Buildings and Rooms for Institutions andEnterprises of the USSR Health Care Ministry Subject to

Equipment with Means of Automatic Fire Alarm approved by the

USSR Health Care Ministry with the consent of the USSR State

Construction Committee and the Main Fire Control Department atthe USSR Interior Ministry

The reception and lobby group, sleeping buildings for 40 and more

visitors, the dining room, rooms for mass culture, tourism, sports,

services and amenities, except the rooms listed in Note 1

Guests rooms, sitting rooms, cloakrooms, luggage rooms, corridors,service personnel rooms, guest service rooms, mass culture rooms,

tourist equipment and implements hire stations, service and utility

rooms, and rooms for public catering enterprises according to item

15 in this List

All rooms, except the lobbies and rooms listed in Note 1

As above

As above

As above

All rooms, except lobbies and rooms listed in Note 1





APPENDIX 10*

Mandatory

REQUIREMENTS

OF PROVISION FOR AUTOMATIC FIRE FIGHTING

Automatic fire fighting shall be envisaged:

1. In the events stipulated in these SNiPs, in the List of Buildings and Rooms in USSR National Economy Facilities Subject to Equipment with Automatic Means of Fire Fightingand Automatic Fire Alarm as well as in other valid regulatory documents.

2. In storage rooms for service catalogues and inventories in libraries and state archives

buildings. These rooms in libraries where less than 500,000 units are stored and rooms with400 m2 in area each in the archives of regional and district significance may be equippedwith gas fire fighting systems or portable carbon dioxide fire extinguishers.

3. * In two-floor shop buildings of more than 3,500 m2 in trading area and in one-floor

buildings where the trading hall is located on the ground floor or in the basement.

4. * In shop buildings with 3 floors and more and also in those with 2 floors, if the tradinghall is located on the ground floor or in the basement, regardless of the trading area size.

5. In luggage rooms (chambers), except those equipped with automatic lockers, and incombustible material stores in passenger terminal buildings with the design passenger number more than:

700 – railway and marine terminals

400 – river terminals300 – bus terminals1000 – passenger terminals in airports600 – city terminals for airline passengers

6. Special rooms (chambers) for the operating stock of flammable and combustible fluids in

stores for flammable and combustible fluids and combustible chemicals of 500 m2 and more

in area. Rooms (cabins, boxes) where flammable and combustible fluids are used for trials.Rooms with unique equipment and materials; rooms for storage and issuing of unique publications, reports, manuscripts and other documents of special value.

7. In hangars, stores and other rooms of 100 m2 and larger in area designed for storage of

combustible materials or non-combustible materials in combustible packing, if they arelocated:

beneath stands for 3,000 and more spectators in outdoor sports facilities; beneath stands for any number of spectators in indoor sports facilities;

in the buildings of indoor sports facilities for 800 and more spectators.

8. Under the stage and rear stage flies, under the lower work galleries tier and connectingcatwalks, in the safe for rolled-up scenery and in all stage openings including portal openings,rear stage pockets as well as the hold portion occupied with built-in stage equipmentconstructions and hoists shall be fitted with drenchers.

Stage and rear stage coatings, all work galleries and catwalks, except the lower ones, the hold

(except the built-in stage equipment), stage pockets as well as rooms in buildings with a stagefitted with the flies and hold – stores, store rooms and workshop rooms for assembly of easeland 3-D scenery and the dust removal chamber shall be equipped with sprinkling systems.



Note: Automatic fire fighting is not mandatory for the rooms listed in Note 1 to mandatoryAppendix 9*.

Documents

2.08.02-89_EN(Public Buildings and Structures)