20130609090641Topic 2 the Purpose of Comparative Education

7/27/2019 20130609090641Topic 2 the Purpose of Comparative Education

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HMEF 5033

COMPARATIVEEDUCATION

TOPIC 2

THE PURPOSE OF COMPARATIVE

EDUCATIONPROF. DR. GURNAM KAUR SIDHU


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LEARNING OUTCOMES By the end of this lecture you should be able to:

Evaluate the purposes of engaging in

comparative studies in educationAND

Examine the role of CE in planning, implementingimproved and innovative strategies and

international understanding


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LECTURE OUTLINE

2.1. The Purpose of ComparativeEducation

2.2. A Brief Review of Literature2.3. Planning2.4. Improvement and Innovation2.5. International Understanding


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2.1. The Purpose Of Comparative Education

To determine the basic principlesunderlying different national systems ofeducation

Explain


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2.1. The Purpose Of Comparative Education

To determine the basic principles underlyingdifferent national systems of education.

Explainto understand the different ways in

which educational practice is realized

Determine systematic and scientific purpose of

schooling, tertiary education and the

establishment of universities and study the ways a

countrys citizens are affected by it


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2.1. THE PURPOSE OFCOMPARATIVE EDUCATION

The Purpose of Education

What is the purpose of education in

Malaysia?


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2.1. THE PURPOSE OF COMPARATIVE EDUCATION

Malaysian NEP

Education in Malaysia is an on-going effort towards further

developing the potential of individuals in a holistic and

integrated manner so as to produce individuals who are

intellectually, spiritually, emotionally and physically

Balanced and harmonious, based on a firm belief in anddevotion to God. Such an effort is designed to produce

Malaysian citizens Who are knowledgeable and

competent, who possess high moral standards, and who

are responsible and capable of achieving a high level of

personal well-being, as well as being able to contribute tothe betterment of the family, the society and the nation at

large.


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2.1. THE PURPOSE OFCOMPARATIVE EDUCATION

Compare so that educational practicemay be explained

Why compare?

Compare not only for similarities and

differences but to explain educational

practice taking into consideration both

internal and external factors governingeducational system around countries.


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2.1. The Purpose ofComparative Education

Many internal and external factors thatgovern education systems across

countries

What are the factors?


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2.1. The Purpose of

Comparative Education

External Factorsnational educationalpolicy, economics, history, social strata,

demography

Internal Factors : student & teacherenrolment, composition, teaching quality,

structure of schools etc (WEI)


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2.1. The Purpose of Comparative

Education

The Effects of Education Policy

Purpose of CEexamine how different groups of

people are affected by education policies (e.g.the disadvantaged groups)

What has the Malaysian government done tohelp the disadvantaged groups?


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2.1. The Purpose of Comparative

Education

Macro-level impact

Understand the ways in which countries expand,

upgrade and reform education

Why is this knowledge important? To help policymakers and practitioners address issues

& challenges and seek solutions associated with

success and failure in schoolsall these provides a

knowledge base for teacher education and training

taking into account cultural, philosophical andeconomic factors governing education


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2.1. The Purpose of

Comparative Education

Influence of culture

Education is based on culture

Explain.

the influence of culture and individual life

experiences many enhance or impede the

learning process (Bruner, 1996:ix)

Elaborate with relevant examples


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2.2. A Brief Review of Literature

The objectives of comparative education

(a) understand our own

(b) understand and affect

(c) understand us and ours


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(a) Understand our own (i) gain a better understanding of our own systems

(ii) satisfy intellectual and theoretical curiosity aboutother cultures

(iii) better understand the relationship betweeneducation and society

(iv) explain and analyze similarities and differences

(v) understand problems in education

(vi) contribute to improvement of educational policyand practice

(vii) promote intellectual understanding andcooperation through improved sensitivity to differingworld views and cultures

(Crossley and Watson, 2003)


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(b) Understand and affect(i) Intellectual

(ii) Planning

(iii) Practicality(iv) Humanitarian

(v) International

(vi)Innovation

(vii) Economics

(viii) Education for international understanding

Elaborate (page 26-27)


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(c) Understand us and ours(i) Become better informed about other countries

(ii) Become better informed about other social functions

(iii) Become better informed about historical roots

(iv) Better understand the educational forms & systems(v) Satisfy interest in how human beings live and learn

(vi) Better understand oneself

(vii) Reveal own cultural biases and personal attributesthat affect onesjudgement about learning

transactions

Roby Kidd (1915-1982)


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GOALS OF COMPARATIVE

EDUCATION

Three goals of comparative education

Planning

Improvement and Innovation

Education for International Understanding


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2.3. Planning Key Purpose of CE : Educational Planning Educational Planning is the means by which a country

formulates educational policies, determines objectivesand identifies strategies that will help meet the humanresource needs in a country.

Is linked to economic development and social reform Explain

To advance knowledge

Provide an example

Planning in multicultural / plural societies

What educational strategies has Malaysia put inplace to build a single united nation out of a pluralsociety?


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Our entire educational policy is dictatedby the need to mould a single united

nation out of a plural society. . .(Khir Johari in Bock, 1982:80)

How successful has Malaysia been?


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2.4. Improvement and Innovation

Purpose of Comparative Educationimprovement of the status of a people and theapplication of innovative and modern ideas in

schools or through curricula. Helps to sustain improvement in the quality of

student learning in a rapidly changingenvironment.


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2.4. Improvement and Innovation

According to Freeman & Cooper (1999) innovation ineducation refers to the maintenance and improvementin the quality of student learning through the following 6broad areas of innovation Learning context

The curriculum

Learning activities

Assessment

Achievement

Roles as teachers/expert content providers

Implement innovative ideas Provide examples of innovative ideas implemented in

Malaysia?


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2.5. International understanding

Amicable cross-border relations throughexchange of ideas, information, points of viewand knowledge among educationists fromdifferent countries.

UNESCO Recommendations (p. 36)

Explain

Interdependence between nations (p.37)

Explain : One RaceThe Human Race


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PAST YEAR QUESTIONS

MAY 2006

Give a definition of comparative education.

[3 Marks]

Describe TWO (2) benefits of comparativeeducation.[3marks]


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PAST YEAR QUESTIONSMAY 2009

An important aim ofcomparative education is

international understanding,which refers to amicablerelations among nations.Comment on this. (4 marks)


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Past Year Question 2011

Question 1

According to Crossley & Watson (2003),

one of the purposes of comparativeeducation is to understand problems in

education. Select ONE (1) country anddiscuss briefly TWO (2) educational

problems it faces. [8 marks]


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THANK YOU

For Your Kind Attention

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20130609090641Topic 2 the Purpose of Comparative Education