2012 CLIA Leadership Forum - Cruising · 2012 CLIA Leadership Forum November 14, 2012 ... ECDIS - IMO Model Course 1.27 Accredited by the UK Marine & Coastguard Agency, MCA …

Proprietary and Confidential - © CSMART 2012

2012 CLIA Leadership Forum November 14, 2012

MOVING FROM RANK TO FUNCTION

BASED BRIDGE ORGANISATION By

Captain Hans Hederstrom, FNI

Managing Director

CSMART


Presentation Overview

• Traditional Rank Based Bridge Organisation

• Function Based Bridge Organisation

• Training

• Onboard coaching

• Maritime Operations Safety Analysis


Traditional Bridge Organisation

Captain in front of Bridge Team

“He must know

something I

don’t?”


Traditional Bridge Organisation Captain as Operator

Captain

Sr. Officer

Jr. Officer Staff

Captain


Traditional Bridge Organisation Captain as Operator

Captain

Sr. Officer

Jr. Officer Staff

Captain

Increasing

Gap

Who will speak up if the ship

gets into an undesired state?


Traditional Bridge Organisation

Main disadvantages:

• Turning officers into passive bystanders

• Poor work satisfaction will lead to decreased safety

and efficiency

• When promoted - officers lack required skills

• Requires an error proof performance by the

Captain


What to Change?

‘You cannot change the human condition,

but you can change the conditions under

which people work’

Reason, J. (1997), “Managing the Risk of

Organizational Accidents”


Function Based Bridge Organisation

Navigator Co-Navigator

Low risk

Green Manning

Lookout/Helmsman Lookout




Medium risk

Yellow Manning


Operations

Director



Operations Director


Creates organisational

countermeasures to human errors

High Risk

Red Manning



Function Based Bridge Organisation Red Manning

Captain as leader behind the team

Administrator Co-Navigator Navigator Operations

Director


Advantages with Function Based Bridge

Organisation

• Creates an engaged team directly leading to

increased safety and efficiency

• Creates organisational countermeasures to human

errors

• Promotes and reinforces learning

• Facilitates the promotion process

• Increases officer retention due to greater job satisfaction

• Lowers hierarchical barriers


BRM Training With Focus On Organisation,

Procedures & Human Factors’

23

Co-Nav. Nav. Instructor Lookout

Operations

Director

Pilot

Helmsman


Onboard Follow Up & Coaching

Instructor


Observation of Normal Operations


What do we observe?

BRM skills (cooperation – leadership & management

situation awareness – decision making)

Threats (Meteo-Oceanographic – Own ship

Other ships – Shore support)

Errors (Skill – Rule – Knowledge Based)


To prevent adverse events

rather than analyze accidents

People and ships remain

anonymous

Data driven analysis

of trends and patterns

MOSA principles


MOSA DATABASE

MOSA

observation

s

Bridge

Procedures

BRM,

SHIPHANDLING,

ECDIS-NACOS

Training

Onboard

observation

Incidents

Accident

Investigations

= CONSISTENT TO

= INPUT / OUTPUT

Debrief &

Voluntary

reporting

scheme

Bridge &

Nav. Equip.

Design


Conclusion

Change Of Bridge Organisation Requires:

• Top Management Commitment

• Philosophy, Policies & Procedures

• Structured Training

• Onboard Coaching

• System Check (MOSA)


THE WAY AHEAD

Thank You!



Operations Director





Red Manning - High Risk

Pilot



Operations Director





Pilot




Operations Director




Conning/

advising


Pilot



ECDIS & NACOS Type Specific Training

18

ECDIS - IMO Model

Course 1.27 Accredited by the UK Marine &

Coastguard Agency, MCA and

Dutch Maritime Authorities.

NACOS – Type Specific

Training . Accredited by SAM-electronics

Development of Operator Technical Skills


Main Threats to Safety of Navigation


Examples of Errors Categories

• BRM

• Collision avoidance

• Route monitoring

• Shiphandling

• Voyage planning

• Internal communication

• External communication

Documents

2012 CLIA Leadership Forum - Cruising · 2012 CLIA Leadership Forum November 14, 2012 ... ECDIS - IMO Model Course 1.27 Accredited by the UK Marine & Coastguard Agency, MCA …