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GALILEO GALILEI 2010 LONDON TRIP
THIS IS A SCHOOL TRIP TO ONE OF THE
MOST FASCINATING CITIES IN EUROPE
Created by the Roman
civilisation, during the kingdom
of the Roman Emperor Claudius,
it started like a settlement in the
riverside of the Thames
Surrounded by the Britons and other Celtic tribes, Londinium
was an important control centre of Brittania . But, possibly
because of the problems betwen the Roman Empire and the
Barbarians of the North , they had to abandon Brittania.
We can see here a
piece of the Roman
Wall that
surrounded the
City. You can see it
between the walls
of the Tower of
London
Finally, in the V century, the tribes of the Anglos,
Jutos and Saxons coming from the North of Germany
and Denmark, occupied the east territories of
Britannia.
In the West, we could find the Britons that later
escaped and arrived in Armorica, a place that today
is known as Brittany.
The people from Wales and other ancient tribes
from “Scotia” stayed in the West and North.
Some centuries later, Brittania was attacked
by the Vikings and Danish, until these people
settled in the east territories. The anglosaxons
fought against them and the king Alfred the
Great of Wessex succeeded in this war.
But in the XI century, everything changed. The king of
Normandy, William the Conqueror, arrived in Brittania asking
for his rights to the throne, and turned the country into a
modern state, unifying the territory. London began to expand.
The traders and the ships transformed the
town, but the bad health conditions led to the
Black Death, in the XIV century.
Meanwhile, England fought against some kingdoms and
territories of France over the rights to the French land. The One
hundred years War ruined the people and destroyed the land.
The Crusaders tried to rescue the Sacred Lands and Richard
Lyon Heart died while John without Land was forced to accept
the conditions of the aristocratic people of London.
Soon, other important wars began in Europe, the Religious Wars.
Henry the VIII, who did not have permission from the Pope to
divorce one of his wives, became the Head of a new religion, the
Anglican Religion, and, because of that, he killed some oponents and
took the lands of the monks, transforming the whole city of London.
He is famous for his six
wives.
Hyde Park,
like others,
was one of the
lands that
belonged to
the monks
before Henry
the VIII took
it.
Little by little, the trades in England developed greatly,
even more after the discovery of the New World, when
the Kingdom won the war against one of its main
enemies, Spain.
The most important figure in this period was not a King
but a Queen, Queen Elizabeth I, from the Tudor
dynasty . The Isabeline style marked this period of
history in England and London.
During this period, the sailor
Francis Drake travelled around
the coast of Alaska and North
America. When he arrived in
London, in his boat, the Golden
Hinde, the Queen gave him the
title of Sir.
After that, he was known by the
Spanish people as Drake, the
pirate.
During her reign,
the Shakespeare
theatre flourished .
The theatre was not
very appreciated by
people, and for this
reason, the theatres
were first built in
Southwark, between
taverns, and houses
with bad reputation.
After that, the power of the
Parliament was doubted by
King Charles I, from the Stuart
Dynasty. The Parliament
forces, led by Oliver Cromwell,
won the war against Charles,
and a dictatorial period began,
in which many Christians in
England, Scotland and Ireland
were killed.
After that, the monarchy returned, and the body of
Cromwell was hung and beheaded. And the restoration
began, with the next Stuart King, Charles the II.
After some decades, London was faced with another
plague in 1665 (it was supposed to be started by the
Textile Traders of Holland) and the big fire in 1666.
This is the Monument, built to remember this fire.
The English Army developed enormously,
arriving in new lands and settling in new islands
and continents . The richness of the country
increased and its power in the seas became
obvious when the Army won the battle of
Trafalgar, against the Spanish and French
people.
This
monument was
built to
remember the
admiral of this
army, Lord
Nelson, who
died in the
battle. The
length of this
column is the
length of the
main stick of
his boat, the
HMS Victory.
At this time, another dynasty ruled the destiny of
Great Britain, the Hanover dynasty, originated in
Germany with George I, who never learned the
English language. This marked a new style in
architecture, the Georgian style. We can find many
Georgian houses in Bloomsbury, the place we
stayed in London.
By this period, the City was
so big that it reached
another town on its side,
Westminster.
This place is the point where
the two towns meet.
Soon, with the
inventions of the
steam machine, by
Watt, and the
development of the
industry and mining,
Great Britain became
one of the richest
countries in the world.
Apart from this, it
became a powerful
colonial Empire,
mainly with Queen
Victoria.
The Victorian
period is the time
when Charles
Dickens and
Arthur Conan
Doyle lived.
The Queen
started a new
dynasty, the
Sajonia-Coburg
Gotha dynasty.
In the XX century, the two World Wars took place. And due to the
first WW, and the anti-German feeling, the name of the Dynasty
changed to Windsor. The industrial development caused the first
pollution problems in the town because of the use of coal in
houses and industries.
The airplane bombing during the Second World War
(The Blitz) destroyed many places in the East End. In
these places, we now have modern buildings and
empty spaces.
In the middle of this century, Queen Elisabeth II rose to the
throne. Despite this, the country was going through several
problems including many changes in politics, facing
unemployement, immigration, European changes, etc.
Now, we are flying to
London.
Luton was our airport and
our destination was
Bloomsbury, in north
London, near the British
Museum and Russell Square.
LEICESTER SQUARE, OUR
FIRST CONTACT
WITH LONDON
SURROUNDED BY THE THEATRE
TICKETS SHOPS, WE GOT TO TRAFALGAR
SQUARE
THE CITY HAS PLENTY OF THEATRES
Walking down the
streets, watching
people who are
always in a hurry ,
we reached Covent
Garden, an ancient
monks market
transformed into a
pretty square
And it was the end of our
first day. The weather was
fine but a bit colder at night.
The hotel was full of student
groups, many of them from
Spain, but there were also
Italian, British people…
The second day
began with a
fantastic tour on a
hop-on hop-off bus.
We chose the red
line.
The bus passed
along the British
Museum
Saint Paul’s Cathedral is one
the most famous buildings in
London. In front of it, we can
see a Queen Ann’s statue.
This Queen was the first
Queen for both the English,
Scottish and Irish.
It is said that her eyes are
watching a pub
The Millennium bridge, by
Foster, and the Tate
Museum at the bottom
Little by little, we reached
our destination.
But before that, the most
famous bridge in London:
The Tower Bridge
It is a functioning
bridge, and it can
be opened for
ships in less than
two minutes
THE TOWER OF LONDON, HOME FOR SOME, A PRISON FOR OTHERS, A CERTAIN DEATH FOR
THE REST
Built by William the
Conqueror, it was spread by
other kings like Henry the
VIII.
Some victims of this king,
entered through this gate,
and were never released,,,
INSIDE, THE RAVENMASTER TAKES CARE OF THE RAVENS. IT IS SAID THAT IF THEY FLY AWAY, THE ENGLISH MONARCHY WILL END, BUT, OF COURSE, IT IS NOT POSSIBLE, AS THEIR WINGS
ARE CLIPPED
After visiting the Tower and its treasures, like
the crown jewellery , we took a river cruise
over the Thames…
Then, we took another tour bus to get to
another part of the city…
THE SHERLOCK HOLMES HOUSE
Then it started to rain when we got on the bus
to the hotel. And thus, we were on time for
dinner
The third day started on a very packed tube…
You know…
Our objective
was the Royal
London Walk,
which started
near Trafalgar
Square.
Here, we could
see some Harry’s
Hawks …
And Michael Caine
After buying the tickets for a big musical show that we
were going to see in the evening… we started walking,
to the Buckingham Gardens and the Whitehall…
Downing
Street at the
back, the House
of the Prime
Minister, that at
this moment was
Gordon Brown
At Buckingham Palace, we were told that the
Changing of the Guards couldn’t take place,
and we still don’t know why.
This is the St
James’s Palace,
the official home
for the princes
of Wales…
And after a short lunch near
Westminster Abbey, we could
go inside .
With plenty of graves and
tombs, we could also find the
mausoleums of Elisabeth I,
Mary I Tudor, Haendel,
Chaucer, Darwin, Cromwell
AND IN THE AFTERNOON , WE VISITED THE BRITISH MUSEUM
We started with
the Rosseta Rock,
the key to
transcribe the
hieroglyphics
writings of the
Egyptians.
Found by the
French, it was
part of a Peace
Treaty between
the two countries.
Egyptian and
Mesopotami
an art
The Lord Elgin’s Marbles,
taken off from the Parthenon
and other Greek Temples
With only one
hour, we can
see other
Greek objects
…
Crafts from the First
Nations of North
America, like the Plains
Tribes and the Totems of
the North West Coast…
And finally other objects from
the Romans…and others
Then , the fantastic musical
show WE WILL ROCK YOU,
based on the music and life of
Queen
W
hen we finally ended our visit, we searched, as
usual, for a place to have dinner.
W
ho really knows what the children had ? Maybe
another McDonalds’ burger? Another pizza?
T
he fourth day we visited the Science Museum,
with plenty of inventions…
F
or example, a lot of steam machines…
L
ater, we spent our time
visiting Harrods and
having lunch.
T
his is a picture of the
most famous
department store in
London: Harrods.
Inside , you can find a
lot of Egyptian
decorations
In the afternoon, we visited
the Natural Science
Museum, with all the well-
known specimens of
dinosaurs and ancient
reptiles
And at the end of the day, we took a walk
through Hyde Park…watching monuments like
the Albert Memorial…
The Lady Dyana fontaine
And later, we went to Oxford
Street to do some shopping
and then to have dinner…
The next day, a bit more cloudy, we went to
another famous place in London: NOTTING
HILL and PORTOBELLO ROAD
These are the houses of
Notting Hill, on our way to
Portobello Road and its well-
known market.
And finally Portobello
Market, plenty of T-shirts,
postcards, colourful clothes,
and many souvenirs of
London
And later, on the tube, where some of our students had to travel
twice to reach Greenwich.
In Greenwich, we had to make a decision: going to
the Maritime National Museum or going to the Royal
Observatory. We chose the latter option, seeing the
Oº Meridian and the division between East and West.
After walking to the top of
the hill…
A nice trip in the Royal
Observatory, between
telescopes….
In the evening, we tried to get on the London Eye
again. Unfortunately for me, it was necessary for an
adult to go with the students: another small sacrifice …
And on the last night in
London, why not walking to
the Monument?
And during the last morning
in London, we did the last
shopping in Candem Town.
Famous for his leather
jackets, we can found some
strange places…
And the last friends…
AND WE SAID GOODBYE TO LONDON AT GATWICK…
BUT WE ONLY SAID “SEE YOU TOMORROW”, NICE CITY…
THE END