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    Veterinary Medicine, Animal Health,Food Security & the

    Millennium Development Goals

    Juan Lubroth & Scott Newman

    World Veterinary Congress 2011Cape Town, South Africa

    11-14 October

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    Millennium Development Goals

    1. Eradicate extreme poverty andhunger2. Achieve universal primary

    education3. Promote gender equality and

    empower women4. Reduce child mortality5. Improve maternal health6. Combat HIV/AIDS and other

    diseases7. Ensure environmental

    sustainability8. Global partnership for

    development

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    Hunger

    Map

    WHO 2004

    for more information,

    see The State ofFood Insecurity inthe World published annually

    by FAO

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    http://www.fao.org/publications/sofi/en/http://www.fao.org/publications/sofi/en/http://www.fao.org/publications/sofi/en/http://www.fao.org/publications/sofi/en/http://www.fao.org/publications/sofi/en/http://www.fao.org/publications/sofi/en/
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    Demographics, Socio-economics &Food Security

    0

    500,000

    1,000,000

    1,500,000

    2,000,000

    2,500,000

    1 9 6 1

    1 9 6 4

    1 9 6 7

    1 9 7 0

    1 9 7 3

    1 9 7 6

    1 9 7 9

    1 9 8 2

    1 9 8 5

    1 9 8 8

    1 9 9 1

    1 9 9 4

    1 9 9 7

    2 0 0 0

    2 0 0 3

    D u c

    k M

    e a

    t P r o

    d u c

    t i o n

    ( T o n s

    )

    China

    Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao, Thailand and Vietnam

    More food is needed

    In 2007, ~ 6 billion people ~ 21 billion food animals

    ~ 50 M tonnes aquaculture

    In 2020

    demand for animal proteinwill increase 50%

    primarily in developingcountries > 30 billion animals required undetermined M tonnes

    aquaculture

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    7

    http://www.undg.org/docs/11421/Full-Report_1954-UNDG-MDGs-complete-LR.pdfhttp://www.undg.org/docs/11421/MDG1_1954-UNDG-MDG1-LR.pdfhttp://www.undg.org/docs/11421/MDG7_1954-UNDG-MDG7-LR.pdfhttp://www.undg.org/docs/11421/MDG4-6_1954-UNDG-MDG456-LR.pdfhttp://www.undg.org/docs/11421/MDG3_1954-UNDG-MDG3-LR.pdfhttp://www.undg.org/docs/11421/MDG2_1954-UNDG-MDG2-LR.pdf
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    Millennium Development Goals

    Eradicate extreme poverty & hunger- 1 billion people are hungry Poor people, especially young

    children and their mothers in

    developing countries, are notconsuming enough animal-basedfood

    Livestock provide a pathway outof poverty for some smallholders,and policymakers need toconsider the different roles thatlivestock play in supportinglivelihoods

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    FAO35%

    Media

    8%OIE and UN agencies

    25%

    EC24%

    Unknown8%

    Source of

    Informationfor

    confirmedcases

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    Millennium Development GoalsAchieve universal primary education Learning ability of rural children is compromised by

    hunger and malnutrition 72 million primary school age children do not

    attend school

    Over four out of five of these children live in rural areas(the urban-rural divide ...) Brain growth & cognitive abilities depend on quality nutrition Food security and education need to be tackled

    simultaneously Local veterinarians & FAO lead the Education for Rural People

    (ERP) program that increased access to quality education andskills training for all rural children

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    Millennium Development GoalsPromote gender equality and empower women Most livestock keepers are women Rural women are more likely to own poultry and small

    ruminants than large animals FAO recognizes the import role of rural women (and men) in

    efforts to improve food security, reduce poverty, and fuel socialand economic development

    Local veterinarians & FAO builds technical capacityamong member countries to address genderissues in policy and programme development;work directly with rural women and men tostrengthen their agricultural and livelihoodsskills; assist member countries to identify andremove obstacles to womens equal participation& decision-making; and support the formulationof gender-sensitive national and regional agricultural policies

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    Millennium Development GoalsReduce child mortality Under-nutrition is estimated to be an underlying

    cause in more than one-third of all deaths inchildren under five

    Protein, vitamins, micronutrients from animals

    are of high quality & reduce child mortality Local veterinarians & FAO lead programs to

    improve household food security & nutritionwhich reduces child under-nutrition & increase

    childrens chances of growing to adulthood Linking household food security with nutrition

    education improves infant & early childhoodcomplementary feeding by using using locallyavailable and affordable foods

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    Millennium Development GoalsImprove maternal health About 4 5 billion people in the world are deficient in

    iron, which is essential especially for the health ofpregnant and lactating women and for the physicaland cognitive development of young children (SCN, 2004)

    Hunger and malnutrition have been found to increase boththe incidence and the fatality rate of the conditions thatcause up to 80 percent of maternal deaths

    This and other important nutrients are more readily available

    in meat, milk and eggs than in plant-based foods Local veterinarians & FAO lead programmes to promote food

    security, increase nutritional awareness, increase access toaffordable animal-based food and empowers women to

    obtain better health care, education & social services 14

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    Millennium Development GoalsCombat HIV/AIDS and other diseases 95% of people living with & dying of HIV and AIDS

    are in developing countries Up to 80% of the people in the most

    affected countries depend on agriculturefor their subsistence so the pandemicaffects household capacity to produceand buy food

    In sub-Saharan Africa, HIV is depletingthe region of its food producers &farmers,

    decimating the agricultural labour force Local veterinarians & FAO support policy

    makers and programme planners toincorporate HIV, malaria & other disease considerationsinto food, nutrition & agriculture policies andprogrammes

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    Ensure Environmental Sustainability16

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    Natural resources and ecosystems must be managed

    sustainably to meet environmental, social economic,& food requirements needs Climate change, increased water scarcity and conflicts over access

    to resources all pose challenges to environmental sustainabilityand food security

    Hunger and poverty often compel the poor to over-exploit theresources on which their own livelihoods depend

    Local veterinarians & FAO support sustainable natural resourcemanagement including agricultural water use efficiency; land &soil productivity; sustainable forest management, aquaculture &inland fisheries; integrated crop and livestock systems; pesticidemanagement & watershed management and the majorenvironmental conventions and multilateral environmental

    agreements (CMS, Ramsar, CBD, etc.)

    Millennium Development Goals17

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    Millennium Development Goals

    Establishing Global partnership for development

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    One Health and the Milennium Development Goals

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    Jay Directo/AFP