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1999 RESNA/Whitaker Student Scientific Paper Competition

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Page 1: 1999 RESNA/Whitaker Student Scientific Paper Competition

This article was downloaded by: [Northeastern University]On: 20 November 2014, At: 20:21Publisher: Taylor & FrancisInforma Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House,37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK

Assistive Technology: The Official Journal of RESNAPublication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information:http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/uaty20

1999 RESNA/Whitaker Student Scientific PaperCompetitionPublished online: 22 Oct 2010.

To cite this article: (1999) 1999 RESNA/Whitaker Student Scientific Paper Competition, Assistive Technology: The OfficialJournal of RESNA, 11:1, 66-67, DOI: 10.1080/10400435.1999.10131987

To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10400435.1999.10131987

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Page 2: 1999 RESNA/Whitaker Student Scientific Paper Competition

Asst Technol 1999;11:66-67© 1999 RESNA

1999 RESNA/Whitaker Student Scientific PaperCompetition

Relating Wheelchair Setup to Propulsion Biome­chanics. Mark A. Baldwin.s-' Michael L. Bonin­ger,' :" Alicia M. Koontz.s-' Rory A. Cooper.' :" IDi­vision ofPM&R, University of Pittsburgh MedicalCenter, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 2Department ofRehabilitation Science & Technology, Universityof Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 3HumanEngineering Research Lab, Highland Drive Vet­erans Affairs Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Penn­sylvania.

The purpose of this study was to investigate arelationship between at-rest shoulder positionwith respect to the rear wheels and propulsion bio­mechanics in a group of experienced manualwheelchair users. The horizontal distance betweenthe shoulder and rear wheel axle of 40 experiencedmanual wheelchair users at rest and in their ownwheelchairs was determined. Using kinematic andkinetic data collected during 2- and 4-milelhourtrials, pushrim contact angle, propulsion start an­gle , frequency, and peak rate of rise of the resul­tant force were compared to shoulder position rel­ative to the rear axle. At rest shoulder position wassignificantly correlated to start angle and strokefrequency at both speeds and with contact angleand resultant force rate of rise at 4 mileslhour. Ap­plying this information in the prescription and set­up of wheelchairs could lead to a reduction of bio­mechanics leading to median nerve dysfunction.

Gender Differences in the Kinematic Features ofManual Wheelchair Propulsion. Brian T. FaY,I,2Michael Beninger,' :" Rory A. Cooper,' :" Alicia M.Koontz. t-' Mark A. Baldwin." 'School of Health &Rehabilitation Science, University of Pittsburgh,Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 2Human EngineeringResearch Laboratories, VA Pittsburgh HighlandMedical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 3Uni­versity of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Departmentof Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania.

Eight female and seven male subjects partici­pated in the recording of three-dimensional motion

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during manual wheelchair propulsion. Subjectswere divided into two groups consisting of five gen­der-based pairings for each group. Pairings werebased on anthropometric percentiles for group 1and anthropometric similarity for group 2. Record­ed data were analyzed to determine subject pro­pulsion technique and joint range of motion at theshoulder and elbow. Whereas characterization ofpropulsion technique did not indicate notable dif­ferences based on gender of the user, statisticalanalysis of mean joint range of motion via a pairedt-test found statistically significant (p < 0.05 ) andstrongly statistically significant (p < 0.001) differ­ence s. Further investigation into the force gener­ation between genders is recommended to deter­mine the basis for these differences.

Comparison of Side-to-Side Wheelchair Propul­sion Forces Using an ARMA Modeling Technique.Alicia M. Koontz, Rory A. Cooper, Michael L. Bon­inger, and Mark A. Baldwin. Department of Re­habilitation Science and Technology, University ofPittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Human EngineeringResearch Laboratories , VA Pittsburgh HealthCare System , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

This paper addresses the use of a system iden­tification approach known as the autoregressivemoving average (ARMA) model to characterizewheelchair propulsion forces . The ARMA tech­nique is used to find the coefficients of a mathe­matical equation describing a signal, system, orprocess. In this application, the ARMA techniquewas used to create a model force waveform basedon current and past values of digital pushrim forcedata. The feasibility of the ARMA analysis is ex­plored by using the model to compare side-to-sideresultant force strokes of 20 wheelchair users.

Feasibility of EEG Control for a Hand Grasp Neu­roprosthesis. Richard T. Lauer and P . HunterPeckham. Case Western Reserve University,Cleveland VA Medical Center, MetroHealth Med­ical Center, Cleveland, Ohio .

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Page 3: 1999 RESNA/Whitaker Student Scientific Paper Competition

Cortical control of a neuroprosthesis using theelectroencephalographic (EEG) signal was inves­tigated. Three subjects were trained to control theamplitude of the beta rhythm of the EEG recordedfrom the frontal areas. After 6 months, all subjectshad achieved the ability to use this signal to hittargets placed randomly on a computer screen witha better than 90% accuracy rate. These subjectswere also capable of generating limited arm move­ments while controlling the cursor. One subjectwith an implanted neuroprosthesis also demon­strated the ability to operate his neuroprosthesiswith the EEG signal.

Clinical Use of In Situ Pressure Sensors for Pros­thetic Socket Fit?-Scientific Characterization ofThree Sensor Systems. Robert C. Sieh and DanaD. Craig. Rehabilitation Engineering Program,

RESNNWHITAKER PAPER COMPETITION

Rancho Los Amigos Medical Center, Downey, Cal­ifornia.

The eventual goal of this research is to identifybiomechanical measures that aid prosthetists withsocket fabrications, thereby decreasing the likeli­hood of soft tissue trauma. Bench testing was per­formed to assess accuracy, hysteresis, drift, and re­sponse to curvature for three different pressuremeasurement systems. Results indicated low ac­curacy errors for the Novel prototype sensor andTekscan F-Socket, but large errors were recordedfor the Rincoe SFS sensor. Hysteresis and drift er­rors were large for the F-Socket sensor, but lowones were recorded for the other two types. Oldersensors and curved surfaces tend to increase theamount of error, whereas sensor calibration priorto testing reduced error in the system measure­ments.

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