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1485-1660
The Renaissanc
e
The Renaissanc
e1
“A Flourish of Genius”
A French word meaning “rebirth”
Starts in Italy
Renewal of the human spirit - new
energy, curiosity, and creativity
Renewed interest in classical
learning
2
“Renaissance”
3
Extraordinary People
Leonardo da Vinci
Michelangelo
Christopher Columbus
Galileo
Shakespeare
4Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel
Intellectual movement that focuses on human values and concerns
“What is a human being?”“What is a good life?”“How do I lead a good life?”
Sought to harmonize these two great sources of wisdom: the Bible and the classics.
5
Humanism:
Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press in 1439.
Transformed the way information was exchanged.
First book printed was an immense Latin Bible in Germany around 1455.
Printing press reached England in 1476.6
The New Technology: A Flood of Print
England breaks away from the church
Church needed reformPope controlled all of EuropeIgnorance and idleness of monksLoose living and personal wealth of priests and
bishops
Henry VIII wanted to get rid of his wife of 24 years (Catherine)Lost five babies and had only one girl (no heir)Another younger woman Henry wanted – Ann
Boleyn7
The Reformation
Pope refuses Henry a divorce in 1533
Henry appoints a new archbishop of Canterbury , who declares Henry’s marriage to Catherine invalid.
In 1533, Henry breaks away from the Catholic church by declaring himself head of the new English church.Beginning of Protestantism
Sir Thomas More – one of Henry’s subjects who remained loyal to the pope. Henry had him beheaded.
8
The Reformation
In all Henry VIII had six wives.Divorced, beheaded, died,Divorced, beheaded, survived
Had 3 childrenMary – daughter of the Spanish
princess, Catherine of AragonElizabeth – daughter of Anne BoleynEdward – son of Jane Seymour, a
noblewoman.9
Henry VIII
Edward Became king at the age of 9Ruled for only 6 years and died of Tuberculosis
Mary“Bloody Mary”Ruled for 5 yearsStrong-willed Catholic (Spanish)Restored the Pope’s power in EnglandBurned about 300 of her subjects at the stakeDied childless of a fever
10
Continued…
“The Virgin Queen”Knew that her strength lay in her
independenceRestored law and orderRejected the Pope’s authority and restored
the Church of England againFirmly established a religious and national
identity People loved her; symbol of peace, security,
and prosperityInspiration for literature – even wrote herselfEnglish started writing as never before 11
Queen Elizabeth (1558 – 1603)
12
Snake: wisdom
“There can be no rainbow without the sun”
Eyes & Ears:She sees and hears all that goes on in her kingdom
Rainbow
Renaissance Iconography (symbols used in art)Queen Elizabeth’s “Rainbow Portrait”