14.2 Arithmetic and Geometric Sequences 1 Write your questions and thoughts here! Two common sequences that appear frequently in mathematics are the arithmetic and geometric sequences. Arithmetic Sequence An arithmetic sequence is one in which the same number is added or subtracted from each term to get the next term in the sequence. The number you add or subtract is called the common difference. Handy rules involving an arithmetic sequence: ! ! = ! ! ! ! = ! ! + ! ! ! = ! ! + 2! ! ! = ! ! + 3! ! ! = ! ! + 4! ⋮ Nth term of an Arithmetic Sequence The nth term of an arithmetic sequence with first term a 1 and common difference d is given by: ! ! = ! ! + ! − 1 ! Example 1. Are the following arithmetic sequences? 3, 8, 13, 18, 23, 28... -2, -12, -22, -32, … 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, … 14, 14.5, 15, 15.5, 16… Example 2. Given two terms in an arithmetic sequence, find the common difference, the 52nd term, and the explicit formula. a 20 = 70 a 33 = 96 Pre-Calculus

14.2 Arithmetic and Geometric Sequences 1 - PreCalculussmacmathprecalculus.weebly.com/uploads/1/9/2/5/... · Geometric Sequence A geometric sequence is one in which the same number

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14.2ArithmeticandGeometricSequences 1

Write your questions and thoughts here!

Twocommonsequencesthatappearfrequentlyinmathematicsarethearithmeticandgeometricsequences.

ArithmeticSequenceAnarithmeticsequenceisoneinwhichthesamenumberisaddedorsubtractedfromeachtermtogetthenextterminthesequence.Thenumberyouaddorsubtractiscalledthecommondifference.

Handyrulesinvolvinganarithmeticsequence:

!! = !! !! = !! + ! !! = !! + 2!!! = !! + 3!!! = !! + 4!

⋮

NthtermofanArithmeticSequenceThenthtermofanarithmeticsequencewithfirstterma1andcommondifferencedisgivenby:

!! = !! + ! − 1 !

Example1.Arethefollowingarithmeticsequences? 3,8,13,18,23,28... -2,-12,-22,-32,… 2,4,8,16,32,… 14,14.5,15,15.5,16… Example2.Giventwotermsinanarithmeticsequence,findthecommondifference,the52ndterm,andtheexplicitformula. a20

=70 a33=96

Pre-Calculus

14.2ArithmeticandGeometricSequences 2

Write your questions and thoughts here!

Time-outofforsomemathhistory….

SumofaFiniteArithmeticSequenceThesumofthefirstntermsofanarithmeticsequenceisgivenby:

!! =!(!! + !!)

Example3:Findthesumofthefirst20termsofthearithmeticseries:

a.2+6+10+14+18+...b.Supposethesumoftheserieshasasumof2178.FindnsuchthatSn=2178.

GeometricSequenceAgeometricsequenceisoneinwhichthesamenumberismultipliedordividedbyeachtermtogetthenextterminthesequence.Thenumberyoumultiplyordividebyiscalledthecommonratio,usuallydenotedbyr.Determineifthefollowingsequencesarearithmetic,geometricorneither.4.1,2,6,24,120,…5.81,27,9,3,1,… 6. 5,10,15,20,25,…

Example7:Thethirdtermofageometricseriesequals64whilethecommonratiois2.

a. Writearuleforthenthterm. b.Findthe9thterm

NthtermofaGeometricSequenceThenthtermofageometricsequencewithfirstterma1andcommonratiorisgivenby:

!! = !!!!!!

Page 3: 14.2 Arithmetic and Geometric Sequences 1 - PreCalculussmacmathprecalculus.weebly.com/uploads/1/9/2/5/... · Geometric Sequence A geometric sequence is one in which the same number

14.2ArithmeticandGeometricSequences 3

Write your questions and thoughts here!

Example8:Findthesumofthefirst10termsoftheseries1+5+25+125+…Example9.ForwhichtermwouldSn=3906?

SumofaFiniteGeometricSeriesThenthtermofageometricsequencewithfirstterma1andcommonratiorisgivenby:

!! = !!1− !!1− !

Page 4: 14.2 Arithmetic and Geometric Sequences 1 - PreCalculussmacmathprecalculus.weebly.com/uploads/1/9/2/5/... · Geometric Sequence A geometric sequence is one in which the same number

Geometric Sequences. Definition of a geometric sequence. An geometric sequence is a sequence in which each term after the first is found by multiplying

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