12V Input, 220V Output, 250W

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PWM inverter circuit

adminAugust - 3 - 201157 Comments

250W PWM inverter circuit SG3524.

A 250W PWM inverter circuit built around IC SG3524 is shown here. SG3524 is an integrated switching regulator circuitthat has all essential circuitry required for making a switching regulator in single ended or push-pull mode. The built incircuitries inside the SG3524 include pulse width modulator, oscillator, voltage reference, error amplifier, overload protectioncircuit, output drivers etc. SG3524 forms the heart of this PWM inverter circuit which can correct its output voltage againstthe variations in the output load. In a non PWM inverter the change in output load directly affects the output voltage (whenoutput load increases output voltage decreases and vice versa), but in a PWM inverter the output voltage remains constantover a range of output load.

Circuit diagram of 250W PWM inverter.

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PWM inverter circuit based on SG3524 : 12V input, 220V output, 250W. http://www.circuitstoday.com/pwm-inverter-circuit

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PWM inverter circuit

About the circuit.

Resistor R2 and capacitor C1 sets the frequency of the ICs internal oscillator. Preset R1 can be used for fine tuning of theoscillator frequency. Pin 14 and pin 11 are the emitter terminals of the internal driver transistor of the IC. The collectorterminals of the driver transistors (pin 13 and 12) are tied together and connected to the +8V rail (output of the 7808). Two50Hz pulse trains which are 180 degree out of phase are available at pin 14 and 15 of the IC. These are the signals whichdrive the subsequent transistor stages. When signal at pin 14 is high, transistor Q2 is switched on which in turn makestransistor Q4, Q5, Q6 ON are current flows from the +12V source (battery) connected at point a (marked with label a)through the upper half of the transformer (T1) primary and sinks to ground through the transistors Q4, Q5 and Q6. As aresult a voltage is induced in the transformer secondary (due to electromagnetic induction) and this voltage contributes to theupper half cycle of the 220V output waveform. During this period pin 11 will be low and its succeeding stages will be


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inactive. When 11 of the IC pin goes high Q3 gets switched ON and as result Q7, Q8 and Q9 will be also switched ON.Current flows from the +12V source (marked with label a) through the lower half of the transformer primary and sinks to theground through transistors Q7, Q8, Q9 and the resultant voltage induced at the T2 secondary contributes to the lower halfcycle of the 220V output wave form.

The output voltage regulation section of the inverter circuit works as follows. The inverter output (output of T2) is tappedfrom point’s labelled b, c and supplied to the primary of the transformer T2. The transformer T2 steps down this high voltage, bridge D5 rectifies it and this voltage ( will be proportional to the inverter’s output voltage) is supplied to the pin1 (invertinginput of the internal error amplifier of the IC) through R8, R9, R16 and this voltage is compared with the internal referencevoltage. This error voltage will be proportional to the variation of the output voltage from the desired value and the ICadjusts the duty cycle of the drive signals ( at pin 14 and 12) in order to bring back the output voltage to the desired value.Preset R9 can be used for adjusting the inverters output voltage as it directly controls the amount of voltage fed back fromthe inverter output to the error amplifier section.

IC2 and its associated components produce an 8V supply from the 12V source for powering the IC and its related circuitries.Diodes D3 and D4 are freewheeling diodes which protect the driver stage transistors from voltage spikes which are producedwhen the transformer (T2) primaries are switched. R14 and R15 limit the base current of Q4 and Q7 respectively. R12 andR13 are pulldown resistors for Q4 and Q7 which prevents their accidental switch ON. C10 and C11 are meant for bypassingnoise from the inverter output. C8 is a filter capacitor for the voltage regulator IC 7808. R11 limits limits the current throughthe indicator LED D2.

Notes.

Mount the SG3524 on a holder.All capacitors other than C10 and C11 must be rated at least 15V.Preset R9 can be used for adjusting the inverter’s output voltage.Preset R1 can be used for adjusting the inverter’s operating frequency.Transistors in the driver stage require heatsink.T2 is a 220V primary, 12V secondary, 1A transformer.T1 is a 12-0-12 V primary, 220V secondary, 300VA transformer.Driver transistors must be isolated from the heatsink using mica sheets. Mounting kits for these transistors are easilyavailable in the market.An optional finned aluminium heatsink can be attached to the 7808.If 1A bridge is not available, make one using four 1N4007 diodes.

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57 Responses to “PWM inverter circuit”

hamza says:June 8, 2012 at 8:17 am

i want to upto couple instead of the transformer

Raheel says:June 4, 2012 at 10:53 pm

it is a very good circuit for engineers and technicians having wish to be groomed, thank you for presenting it here

Sam says:April 18, 2012 at 7:53 pm

Dear Sir

I have read the whole article and really appreciate the fact that it supports error correction. However it is a squarewave inverter, is it any way that it can be revised to be a modified square wave inverter using same SG3524 orSG3525 IC for mosfets. I have seen many diagrams and yet to see a inverter project for a modified sqaure wave butwith stable 220v at its output.

Regards

Sam


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AVINASH says:March 16, 2012 at 8:25 pm

plz can any one tell what must be the voltage at pin 11 and 14 in this circuit ….please help me frnds !!!!!!!!!!!! it will be very helpful for me…..

denny says:March 13, 2012 at 8:53 am

how to choose the rate of current transformer? I have made a inverter 100w, but the transformer is not suitable, sowhen I use it, the output voltage drop. please help.

Ed says:February 11, 2012 at 10:59 am

Admin, thank you for the reply Nov10th,2011. I did the right clk and ya know’s WHAT? It WORKED!! Now I canread the parts and now I know something NEW to do with these computors when they work,,,which is why I am lateresponding,,mine crashed shortly after my question and now have to use the Libraries to go on line. Thanks Ed

sudheer says:February 11, 2012 at 9:15 am

i am not getting 2n6277 power transistor can any one can tell the equivalent to it.!! i need it urgently

AVINASH says:February 8, 2012 at 4:24 pm

hi sir ,,,i did your circuit but i am getting very less AC output at the secondary of t2 ,,,that is just 44 volts… what maybe the problem sir ???…i used (1/4 watt resistor components except R9 2.2K which is half watt ) & 2n3773 in place of2n6277 ,now i am not connecting to cro ,so i didnt inserted the fillter circuit ,i used a 12v DC battery..and i connectedin bread board!!!!! the last transistor 2n3773 at the lower side getting heated fastly….please help me sir

AVINASH says:February 7, 2012 at 8:24 am

Thanks a lot Seetharaman sir… i will Trÿ..:)

seetharaman says:February 5, 2012 at 10:44 pm

Hi for pure sine wave generation a function generator chip with driver and output transformers with MOSFETs ortransistors to be used, with AGC and other feed backs to be used for stability.

AVINASH says:February 3, 2012 at 9:00 pm

HI SIR … i didn’t get the answer for ma previous question,but no problem i found the answers…. sir can u give givesome idea that how can i get pure sine-wave using this circuit …please sir I’m waiting for your reply

AVINASH says:February 1, 2012 at 2:06 am

Hi sir ,,, i didn’t get transistor 2N6227 in market can u please tell me any equivalent transistor… and please tell mewhat these transistor stages do here…please recomment sir

Martin says:January 26, 2012 at 10:52 pm

how do i obtain pure sine wave please????? urgent

Chris says:


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January 23, 2012 at 11:52 am

Hi, am chris.tnks 4 dis cct.pls i want to know if there is any tins to adjust on the driva stage wen makin any one abov12vdc i.e(24v,36v, 48v etc)apat frm d increas in mosfet and xforma windindin or can d cct go wit just any volt.and pls ialso need a batry low shunt down cct 2 incuprate to dis.tanks again.my mail([email protected])

Francis says:January 18, 2012 at 6:15 am

Hi Seetharaman, what about the Charging system of this inverter? is it in the circuit diagram? and i also observe that onthe Circuit diagram above, there is no T1 fo transformer. please help out. thank you

Henrique says:January 8, 2012 at 6:04 am

o coletor de Q1 deve ser aterrado BC327

Henrique says:January 8, 2012 at 5:16 am

observei um erro no esquema eletrico do circuito o coletor de T1 deveser aterrado DC327

Seetharaman says:January 7, 2012 at 8:16 pm

Hi Eniola it is a Motorola power transistor there is no equivallent. you may use 3nos of 2N3055 in parallel.Hi Sim this inverter is more effficient as per load requirement the output is pumped. As there are filter in the output itis a modified squarewave without sharp raise and fall, so connected digital equipment will not get spoiled.

Sim says:January 7, 2012 at 12:40 pm

What are the advantages of this inverter waveform over the normal squarewave ?

Mr Eniola says:January 7, 2012 at 12:18 am

sir, this is a perfect circuit.. But please I couldn’t get 2N6277 transistor in the market, so which one can I buy inreplace of it and that will work efficiently. Thank you sir.


Hi Sim except where you require only pure sine wave.


Is this inverter waveform suitable for all kind of loads ?


Hi Sim it depends on the lamination its permeability etc. That you please leave it to a good transformer designer. Yougive the spec to them they will take care. specify 10.8-0-10.8volt primary, secondary 230volt transformer with acapacity 300VA.



6 of 14 6/22/2012 6:52 PM

What should be the number of turns for the primary and secondary of the transformer windings ?

seetharaman says:January 5, 2012 at 8:58 am

Hi Naren the two pins are base and emitter. the case itself is collector. Please take advice from electronic hobbyistnearby you.Hi Sim you can use for inductive loads but limit the load to 200watts maximum


Can i use this inverter circuit to power inductive load ?

naren says:December 29, 2011 at 10:40 am

2N3055 it has only 2 terminals how can i connect it into pcb.

Seetharaman says:December 28, 2011 at 5:21 pm

Hi Prakash all connections shown as ground to be connected to negative of the battery.

prakash says:December 27, 2011 at 9:13 am

where I have connect -ve terminal of the battery in this circuit.


Hi Sim can be used. as an additional protection use a 250volt or 270 volt VDR in the out put of inverter.

Sim says:December 17, 2011 at 5:07 am

Can i use this inverter circuit to power my LCD TV ?


Hi Sim it is squarewave.

Sim says:December 11, 2011 at 1:43 pm

Is this circuit a squarewave or modified sinewave inverter ?

anso says:November 22, 2011 at 9:36 am

hi. there is error on your 7808 regulator pin configuration. the right configuration is pin 2 to GND and pin 3 to IC.

anso says:November 22, 2011 at 9:12 am

hi. pls can bc337 in your 250w pwm inverter drive 8 pararell mosfet irf3205? pls help thanks.

admin says:November 10, 2011 at 11:36 pm


7 of 14 6/22/2012 6:52 PM

Reply to EdThere is no problem with the circuit diagram. It looks compressed because it is a wide diagram and the current themeof the site will just compress it to fit into the content area. Just right click the image and open it in a new tab. Then youcan see the diagram clearly.

PWM is used to keep the output voltage of the inverter steady irrespective of the load variations.

It is not 7805 and it was a typo error from my part. It is actually 7808 and I corrected it in the description.

This circuit works well and many have successfully assembled it.

Anyway thanks for pointing out the errorregardsadmin

Ed says:November 10, 2011 at 8:03 pm

Hi everyone, my eyes are not up to par these days, so if I am wrong, ignore this question and remark. Where is the7805 listed in the related description? And, yeah my eyes,,but is this the worst display of a circuit,,, streeeeeeetchedout from top to bottom of page,,I can’t read the parts! what are the numbers on the transistors? Thee only one I amsure of is the “3055″ the rest are so blurred from the stretch it’s impossible to read.Whats the point of a PWM if it isn’t a modified or simulated sine wave? You could get a square wave with less parts tofail and wind your own M.O.T. to get the amp coverage and use beefy Switching Transistors to handle the demand.This is just an in my opinion over built plain ole inverter.If we are going to get that complicated,,at least make it better. A Modified square/ simulated sine wave PWM inverterwould be worth thee effort. My opinion

Maqbool says:November 1, 2011 at 2:03 am

Sir, it is realy a good apparunity to learn about electronic circuits. If it is possible to send me a procedure of testin oftransistor and other semi conductors in a circuit or out of circuit by testing meters.Thanking you.I realy appriciate your afforts to communicate such type of information to tecnical people.best regardsMaqboolElectrical & Mechanical Engineers

Alex says:October 12, 2011 at 5:24 pm

Hello everyone can someone help me on this > i built the circuit but when I put load on the voltage still drops whatcould be my problem. Thank you

seetharaman says:October 11, 2011 at 11:13 am

Hi Nayeem D3 and D4 can be 1N5404. S1 is for on off for the inverter.

Nayeem says:October 7, 2011 at 6:22 am

sir,please say me the values of diode D3 & D4& in circuit diagram what is S1 is it a switch r not

PLEASE REPLY ME AS SOON AS POSSIBLE IT VERY URGENT.

Alex says:


8 of 14 6/22/2012 6:52 PM

September 29, 2011 at 6:55 pm

Can someone answer me please I need some help here

Alex says:September 27, 2011 at 7:27 pm

Hi is this a modyfied output inverter. Thank u

Alex says:September 27, 2011 at 6:21 pm

Hello I love this circuit I built another circuit and the output decreases with load but according to ur inverter thisshould not happen. Is this a modified sine wave output. Looking for your reply just now . Thank you keep up the goodwork

charles says:September 25, 2011 at 3:02 am

Hi man, nice work here. pls can i get a pure sine wave inverter diagram of this nature. thanks

emperor says:September 25, 2011 at 3:00 am

Pls bro,have tested this circuit and it worked out perfectly well. but my problem is that: 1. Can i build it on 24vtransformer. 2. can i get a better cct for charging my batteries(12v 100amp * 2 with charging cut-off included becausetwo of my batteries have been damaged due to overcharging. 3. can i get a cct to monitor overload of the inverter. pls idearly need a response,or if u can send me your personal phone number for a direct contact. thanks in anticipatedresponse

saint says:September 23, 2011 at 11:28 am

hi man and colleque well done

seetharaman says:September 19, 2011 at 1:07 pm

Hi Mike the output will be pure square wave.

MIKE says:September 18, 2011 at 8:09 pm

hello sir,

What kind of output wave?

Modify sine wave? or pure sine wave?

plz, recomment~

AJAI says:August 31, 2011 at 4:57 pm

Come join the forum n share your knowledge. Link to the forum is provided on the top of this page. Welcome all whowants to learn and share….

sai sowmya says:August 9, 2011 at 6:13 am

Hello sir,


9 of 14 6/22/2012 6:52 PM

I need all the details about inverter can you pls send me about that.Thank you sir.

ranie ymbong says:August 8, 2011 at 11:31 pm

thanks for the power inverter design that can be used for a standby power supply for our computers

ryan tejero says:August 8, 2011 at 7:12 pm

hi sir! can you post a design on how to make a simple solar energy which outputs 12V DC? I really need it.Thank you

sd says:August 5, 2011 at 9:28 pm

I find this type of circuit and now got it thanks for post this circuit

sd says:August 5, 2011 at 9:24 pm

I just love this,component list and construction of a 1000watt or 850watt power inverter. please i really need it

Nitesh says:August 4, 2011 at 10:08 pm

hi sir can you publish the design,component list and construction of a 1000watt or 850watt power inverter. please ireally need it. you can also email it to me at [email protected]

Pankaj Jha says:August 3, 2011 at 4:08 pm

Hi, I need a Circuit Diagram which produce +15v and -15v from 24v DC power supply

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12V Input, 220V Output, 250W