1 Introduction to Security Chapter 13 Terrorism and Homeland
Security Responsibilities
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2 Security Professionals Responsibilities and Homeland Security
Knowing the enemy, who to look for and be vigilant Taking all
possible steps to prevent a terrorist attack Preparing themselves
and their agencies for an attack Responding to an attack
Investigating the attack
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3 Terrorism Defined According to the Terrorism Research Center:
the use of force or violence against persons or property to
intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any
segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social
objectives
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4 A Brief Chronology of Terrorism 1789 - 1799: French
Revolution revolutionaries used violence against enemies 1930s
Terrorist acts used by Hitler, Mussolini and Stalin Late 1880s
1990s KKK 1978 1995 Unabomber Late 1980s Animal Liberation
Front
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5 3 Elements of Terrorism 1. Criminal in Nature 2. Targets are
typically symbolic 3. Terrorist actions are always aggressive and
often violent
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6 A Brief Chronology of Terrorism 1995 Alfred P. Murrah Federal
Building bombed by Timothy McVeigh & Terry Nichols 1998 2 U.S.
embassies in East Africa bombed 10/12/2000 USS Cole attacked in
Yemen 9/11/2001 World Trade Center and Pentagon attacked by
terrorists using hijacked airliners
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7 Who does what? FBI the lead agency for responding to acts of
domestic terrorism Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) the
lead agency for consequence management after an attack
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8 USA PATRIOT Act Singed into law by President Bush on October
26, 2001 Gives police the unprecedented ability to seize, search,
detain or eavesdrop in their pursuit of terrorists Expands the FBIs
wiretapping and electronic surveillance authority Establishes new
punishments for possessing biological weapons
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9 Asymmetric War A war in which a much weaker opponent takes on
a stronger opponent by refusing to confront the stronger opponent
head on The weaker opponent chooses battles where the stronger one
does not expect to be hit. Police and government agencies are the
most common targets.
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10 World Wide Terrorist Targets
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11 Classification of Terrorist Acts Domestic Terrorism
International Terrorism
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12 Classification of Terrorist Acts Domestic Terrorism Based in
this country White supremacists Black supremacists Militia groups
Pro-life groups Animal rights activists Environmental
extremists
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13 Classification of Terrorist Acts International Terrorism
Foreign based 3 categories 1.Foreign state sponsored (Iraq, Libya)
2.Formalized terrorist groups (al Qaeda, Hamas) 3.Loosely
affiliated radical extremists least organized, but largely unknown,
leaving them free to travel
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14 Indicators of Terrorism Following is a lengthy list of
possible indicators of possible terrorists It is important to note
that these are only possible indicators and do not constitute proof
in and of themselves. They apply to both foreign and domestic
terrorists.
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15 Indicators of Terrorism Possession of fake/altered IDs
Multiple identification in different names Possession of IDs with
dramatically different photos of the same person anti-American,
anti-Jewish, or anti- anything material Residence in several states
in the last few years
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16 Indicators of Terrorism Taken multiple trips out of the
country or out of state in the last few years Possession of
videos/photos of public places and/or buildings Taken flying
lessons Extreme interest in martial arts Repeated use of public
Internet access points to avoid tracing
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17 Indicators of Terrorism Possession of phone cards Possession
of large amounts of cash Renting first floor apartments (easy
escape) Using inexpensive motels (less security) Dont allow maids
to clean the room when they are not present
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18 Indicators of Terrorism No apparent means of legitimate
income Display of racial/terrorist symbols Recent shaving of head
and body hair
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19 Methods Used by Terrorists Arson Explosives Bombs Suspicious
packages Suicide bombers Weapons of Mass Destruction Biological
agents Chemical agents Nuclear Technology
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20 Likeliness of Methods Used by Terrorists
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21 Impact of Terrorist Weapons
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22 Preventing Terrorism Security officers should stay alert for
routine crimes/activities which may also be terrorism red flags
Watch for thefts/sales of certain chemicals: bleach, riot control
sprays, chlorine, ammonium nitrate, etc.
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23 Preventing Terrorism National Infrastructure Protection Plan
(NIPP) Provides a collaborative, coordinated approach between the
private sector and all facets of government Includes agriculture
and food, banking and finance, chemical, communications, dams,
drinking water and water treatment, energy and other critical
areas.
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24 Goals of the Department of Homeland Security 1. Increase our
ability to keep bad people out of the country 2. Keep bad things
out of the country 3. Protect our infrastructure better 4. Continue
to build a response capability with modern computer tools 5.
Promote Intelligence Gathering Fusion centers
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25 Fusion Centers 42 fusion centers are located throughout the
country in 37 states. These manage the flow of information and
intelligence across all levels and sectors of government and
private industry.
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26 Responding to Terrorist Attacks First responders, most
likely local police, firefighters and security officers are the
first line of defense against terrorists. These first responders
must have interoperability in order to operate effectively.
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27 Concerns related to the War on Terrorism Civil liberties may
be jeopardized People of Middle Eastern descent may be
discriminated against or become victims of hate crimes.
