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COSPAR Assembly, Montreal, 16.07.2008 COSPAR Assembly, Montreal, 16.07.2008 

Prompt optical observations of GRB 080319B

astro-ph/0805.1557, submitted to Nature

Grzegorz WrochnaGrzegorz WrochnaSoltan Institute for Nuclear Studies, WarsawSoltan Institute for Nuclear Studies, Warsaw

grb.fuw.edu.plgrb.fuw.edu.pl

„ of the Sky” Swift UVOT

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The night 2008.03.18/19 Swift satellite as usually hunts for GRBs „Pi of the Sky” telescope routinely monitors Swift FoV

with 10s exposures Image started 6:12:47 UT shows new object t0 = 6:12:49 UT Swift receives the first -rays t0+2s – RAPTOR telescope takes image t0+8s – object became visible to TORTORA telescope

which makes movie of the peak t0+17s – Swift sends out GCN alert t0+51/68s – REM & Swift UVOT telescope start imaging t0+1h – VLT, Gemini-N & Hobby-Eberly telescopes

measured the distance z=0.937

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Automaticaly detectedby flash recognition algorithm

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GRB 080319B prompt optical data

„white” data (400-700 nm) normalised to V

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TORTORA

„ of the Sky”

Swift UVOT v, b

Swift UVOT UV

REM R, H, J

saturated

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t0-2s, t0+8st0+12s, t0+22st0+27s, t0+37s

Wind-Konus data

„ of the Sky” data

best-fit Band function

Spectral energy distribution of the prompt emission

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GRB 080319B – setting records The brightest explosion ever observed 5.3 magnitudo at 7.5 Gy (z=0.937) 2.6.106 brigher than SN2005ap unprecedented X-ray flux The best measured GRB Optical and limits before t0

Flux changed 109 over 1 month Spectrum covered from radio to -rays (11 orders)Optical measurements with highest temporal resolution t<1s for t0+8–95s (TORTORA)

detailed study of correlation with emission t=10s for t<t0 – t0+400s („ of the Sky”)

optical and emissions starts simultaneously ±5s

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2210 100 1000 10000 100000

time after t0 [s]

mag

nitu

do 990123030329080319B050603A

The brightest GRBs missed?

Observed very late:GRB 030329 >t0+1.2hGRB 050603A >t0+3.4h

GRB 990123

GRB 030329

GRB 080319B

GRB 050603A

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Hunting for prompt optical emissionGRB 990123 andGRB 041219 triggered by precursors

GRB 080319B triggered by GRB 080319A

Who will trigger the next? And when?

New approach needed!

optical (RAPTOR) gamma emission

optical (ROTSE) gamma emission

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Observing prompt optical emission

No one knows were the next GRB will happenStandard approach: wait for GRB alert and move there quickly

robotic telescopes listening to GCN: BOOTES, (SUPER)LOTIS, MASTER, RAPTOR, REM,

ROTSE, TAROT, ...New approach proposed: look everywhere, all the time

wide field of view ( steradians ?) self-triggering

„ of the Sky”

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• Soltan Institute for Nuclear Studies, Warsaw • Center for Theoretical Physics PAS, Warsaw• Warsaw University, Warsaw University of Technology• Space Research Center PAS, Warsaw Special thanks to ASAS and LCO staff

„ o

f the

Sky

”

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„ of the Sky”Concept:

• continuous ~all sky survey (32×3000 images / night)• large data stream ( 1 Terabyte / night)• real time analysis (multilevel trigger)

Project:• 2×16 CCD cameras, each 2000×2000 pixels• Canon lenses f=85mm, f/d=1.2• field of view = 2 steradians = GLAST LAT > Swift BAT

Observing strategy:

• followsfollows SWIFT or INTEGRAL or GLAST field of viewSWIFT or INTEGRAL or GLAST field of view• detects independently optical flashesdetects independently optical flashes• all sky survey twice a nightall sky survey twice a night (2× (2×330min)0min)• follows targets of GCN alertsfollows targets of GCN alerts

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„ of the Sky” – prototypeLas Campanas Observatory, Chile

In ASAS domefrom 6.2004

OGLE

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„ of the Sky” – prototype

• 2 CCD cameras 20002 CCD cameras 2000××2000 pixels2000 pixels• Canon lenses f=85mm, d=f /1.2Canon lenses f=85mm, d=f /1.2• common field of view 20common field of view 20°×°×2020° °

• paralactic mountparalactic mount design by G.Pojmański / ASAS design by G.Pojmański / ASAS• autonomicautonomic operation operation• iinternetnternet controlled controlled

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Flash recognition in real timemultilevel trigger concept (a’la particle physics exp.)

all pixels

stars

cosmics

planessatellites

bad pixels

One

nig

ht

coincidence

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Search for cosmic flashes„ of the Sky” prototype at LCO from July 2004

~200 flashes seen by both cameras, in one frame only(could be satellites reflecting sunlight)

8 flashes seen in >1 frame (not confirmed/excluded by others) Several outbursts of flare stars detected

CN Leo EQ Peg

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Flare star GJ 3331A / GJ 3332

Outburst detected 2006.11.28 06:03 UT

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„ of the Sky”: GRB observations89+21289+212 GRB GRB’s’s seen by satellites 7.2004-7.2005 & >6.2006seen by satellites 7.2004-7.2005 & >6.2006:: 5+245+24 – – clouds (4+11) or apparatus off (1+13)clouds (4+11) or apparatus off (1+13)64+15364+153 – – daytime or below horizondaytime or below horizon 16+3316+33 – – outside field of viewoutside field of view, , 4+3 limits published:4+3 limits published:

GRB 040916B, GRB 040916B, >13>13.0.0mm (GCN 2725)(GCN 2725)GRB 04GRB 0412171217, , >1>11.51.5mm (GCN 2(GCN 2862862))

GRB 0GRB 05012350123, , >12>12.0.0mm (GCN 2(GCN 2970970))GRB 0GRB 05032650326, , >1>11.01.0mm (GCN (GCN 31463146))GRB 0GRB 06060760607, , >1>13.43.4mm (GCN (GCN 52415241))GRB 0GRB 06071960719, , >>12.812.8mm (GCN (GCN 53465346))GRB 06GRB 0612021202,, >1>14.34.3mm (GCN 5(GCN 5891891))

2+22+2 – – within FOV: limits before / during / after twithin FOV: limits before / during / after t00

GRB 040825A GRB 040825A (GCN 2677)(GCN 2677) >10>10.0.0mm // >12>12.0.0mm // >9.5>9.5mm

GRB 0GRB 0550041412 2 ((GCN GCN 32403240)) >>1111.5.5mm / >11.0/ >11.0m m / >11.5/ >11.5mm

GRB 0GRB 07052170521 ((GCN GCN 64376437)) >>12.212.2mm / > / >112.62.6mm / >12.5 / >12.5mm

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Final system

Parralax measurement to reject close to Earth sources

~100 km

Near completion – we are looking for suitable sites

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of the Sky

grb.fuw.edu.plsatellites

comet

meteor Milky W

ay