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The History of Genetics

Terms

D v R, Incomplete,

or Codominance

MutationsGender

Determination

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This scientist is called the “Father of Genetics.”

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Who is Gregor Mendel?

5

Using pea plants, Mendel studied this.

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What is heredity?

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Mendel observed the physical characteristics of pea plants. A better, more scientific way of

saying physical characteristics is this.

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What is phenotype?

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Mendel found that when he crossed purebred tall plants with purebred short plants, he would

only get this type of plant.

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What are tall plants?

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Mendel used this reproductive technique in order to control the

traits of his pea plants.

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What is cross pollination?

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This is the scientific study of heredity.

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What is genetics?

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This is a segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a

certain trait.

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What is a gene?

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These are different forms of a gene.

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What are alleles?

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Having two identical alleles for a trait

(AKA “pureline” or “purebred”).

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What is homozygous?

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Having two different alleles for a trait

(AKA “hybrid”).

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What is heterozygous?

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Height in pea plants.

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What is Dominant vs. Recessive?

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Pink 4-o’clock flowers.

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What is incomplete dominance?

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Roan cattle.

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What is incomplete dominance?

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A black and white chicken.

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What is codominance?

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In humans, eye, hair, and skin color are all examples of this.

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What is incomplete dominance?

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This is the definition of mutation.

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What is a change in a gene or chromosome?

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This is a picture of all the chromosomes in a body cell

arranged in pairs.

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What is a karyotype?

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This disorder is caused by an extra copy of the #21

chromosome.

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What is Down Syndrome?

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When talking about base pairs, A (adenine) will only pair with this and C (cytosine) will only

pair with this.

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What is T (thymine) and G (guanine), respectively?

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This is a form of chromosome mutation in which chromosomes

don’t divide properly during meiosis.

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What is nondisjunction?

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This is another way of saying “sex cell.”

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What is gamete?

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This a form of cell division that is particular to gametes.

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What is meiosis?

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The probability of having a male versus a female offspring is this.

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What is 50-50?

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If an X sperm fertilizes an egg, the zygote will be this.

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What is female?

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If a Y sperm fertilizes an egg, the zygote will be this.

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What is male?