0929 0930 Storage Occupancies

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NFPA 13, 2013 Ed.:

StorageOccupancies

Presented by Bob Caputo and Matt Klaus

To receive credit for this seminar, you must:

1) Sign in on Sign-In sheet,

2) Attend seminar in its entirety, and

3) Submit a completed evaluation form.

Paper-Lite

In an effort to be environmentallyresponsible and to increase thequality and timeliness of trainingresources, AFSA is reducing theamount of paper used at ourconventions.

The handout file for this seminar can bedownloaded at:

www.firesprinkler.org/convention

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DISCLAIMERThis seminar and its content is not a formal interpretationissued pursuant to NFPA regulations. Any opinion expressed isthe personal opinion of the author and presenter and doesnot necessarily present the official position of the NFPA andits Technical Committees. 3


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InstructorsBob Caputo, CFPS

[email protected]

Matt Klaus, PE

[email protected]

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NFPA 13 Structure

Scope, Application, and General (Ch 1,2,4)

Definitions (Ch 3)

Hazard and Commodity Classification (Ch 5)

Installation Rules (Ch 6, 7, and 8)

Seismic (Ch 9)

Underground (Ch 10)

Storage (Ch 12-21)

Special Occupancies (Ch 22)

Plans and Calculations (Ch 23)

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1946 Edition Section IVItem 4

6

(4) Automatic Sprinklers. Automaticsprinklers with adequate watersupplies are recommended for theprotection of buildings ofcombustible construction or housing

combustible contents. AutomaticSprinkler systems shall be providedwith appropriate waterflow devicesas specified in the NFPA standardsfor the installation of sprinklerequipment to provide notification incase of flow of water from anycause, unless specifically waived bythe authority having jurisdiction.


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Evolution of Requirements

Storage height and dollar driven

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Now . . .

9Impact of Racking onStandards


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Gratuitous Video of Fire

Commodity andPackagingClassification

Overview

Occupancy vs.commodity classification

Definitions

Commodity classification

analysis

Impact of packaging

Pallets

Activities

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Chapter 5 Occupancy vs.Storage

VS.

14Miscellaneous Storage in anOccupancy

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3.9.1.6 Commodity

+ + =

COMMODITY


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16Commodity ClassificationOverview

5.6.3.1 Class I

5.6.3.2 Class II

5.6.3.3 Class III

5.6.3.4 Class IV

5.6.4.1 Group A

5.6.4.2 Group B

5.6.4.2 Group C

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Commodity ClassificationOverview

5.6.3.1 Class I

5.6.3.2 Class II

5.6.3.3 Class III

5.6.3.4 Class IV

5.6.4.1 Group A

5.6.4.2 Group B

5.6.4.2 Group C

18Danger in IncorrectClassification


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Class I Commodity

Noncombustible Stored on wood

pallets

In corrugatedcontainers with or

without single-

thicknesscardboard dividers

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Class II Commodity

Slightly increasedamounts ofcombustible

packaging, or

Trim

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Class III Commodity

Ordinarycombustibles in

cardboard cartons

On wood pallets

Limited amount of

plastic allowed


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Pallets

Varying materialsand compositions

Not required butcommon

NFPA 13 assumes

wood pallets

ARS system pallets

Pallet Modifiers

One class upgrade for un-reinforcedplastic pallets

Class II -> Class III

Class IV -> Group A Plastics

Two class upgrade for reinforced plasticpallets

Class II -> Class IV

Class III -> Group A Plastics

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What if I have both?


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WARNING!!Critical step in the design process

Annex is for guidance

Responsibility of design professional

Check local requirements

Discuss with insurance representative

Discuss with building owner representative

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Management of Change

Change in storage facilityoperation

Ownership

Stored commodity

Packaging

Storage schemes

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30What is CommodityClassification Testing?

A standardized testmethod

Assessment of theability of a stored

commodity to beprotected by water

This methodology

assesses the relativefire risk of the stored

commodity


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Storage Fundamentals

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Overview

Required information

Critical dimensions

Miscellaneous storage

Other considerations

33General Storage Type Rack vs. Piled

OR

(Palletized, Bin Box, Shelf, and Back-to-BackShelf Storage)


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34Required Information Before Proceedingto the Applicable Chapters for Class I, II,III, IV and Plastic Commodities

Palletized, Solid Piled, Bin Box, Shelf, andBack-to-Back Shelf Storage

Determine commodity class Section 5.6.3

Determine ceiling height Section 12.1.3.1

Storage height:

From floor Section 12.1.3.3

Clearance to sprinkler minimum Section 8.5.6

Clearance to ceiling Section 12.1.3.4

Storage arrangement Section 3.9.2

Miscellaneous storage Section 3.9.1.18(Go to Chapter 13)

General storage Chapter 14 and 15

Palletized and Piled Storage Step 1Identify Commodity

Chapter 5

Annex material

What is the product?

How is it packaged?

Encapsulated/banded?

Will the packaging change?

Variations on the product?

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Encapsulated vs. Banded


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Palletized and Piled Storage

Step 2 Identify building height

Palletized and Piled Storage Step 3

Establishingstorage height

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Clearance tosprinkler minimum


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Wheres the Ceiling? Insulation (A)

12.1.3.4.1.3(A) For insulation that is attached directly to

the ceiling or roof structure and is installed flat and

parallel to the ceiling or roof structure, the clearance to

ceiling shall be measured from the top of storage to

the underside of the insulation.

Wheres the Ceiling? Insulation (B1)

(B) For insulation that deflect or sag down , theclearance to ceiling shall be measured from the top

of storage to a point half of the distance of the

deflectionfrom the insulation high point to theinsulation low point.

Half of thissagdistance

Sags 6in. orless

Wheres the Ceiling? Insulation (B2)

(B) If the deflection or sag in the insulation exceeds 6in. (152 mm), the clearance to ceiling shall be

measured from the top of storage to the high point ofthe insulation.

SagDistance

Sagsmorethan6

in.


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Define storage arrangement

Array

Container type

Shelf type

Stability

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Pile Stability

3.9.2.4 Stable Piles. Those arrays wherecollapse, spillage of content, or leaning

of stacks across flue spaces is not likely to

occur soon after initial fire development.

3.9.2.5 Unstable Piles. Those arrays where

collapse, spillage of contents, or leaningof stacks across flue spaces occurs soonafter initial fire development

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.

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Stability Video


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Do I havemiscellaneousstorage?

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50Chapter 13 MiscellaneousStorage

All of the followingconditions must bemet:

Max 12 ft

Incidental to

occupancy

Max 10% or 4000 ft2 of

sprinklered area

Max 1000 ft2pile

25 ft separation

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Miscellaneous Storage


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Palletized and Piled Storage

Step 8Determine design criteria and

sprinkler technology

Additional considerations

Chapter 14 or 15

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53Required Information BeforeProceeding to the ApplicableChapters for Class I, II, III, IV and

Plastic CommoditiesRack Storage

Determine Commodity Class Section5.6.3

Determine Ceiling Height Section

12.1.3.1

Storage Height on Racks

From Floor Section 12.1.3.3

Clearance to Sprinkler Minimum Section 8.5.6

Clearance to Ceiling Section 12.1.3.4

Rack Type Section 3.9.9

Shelf Type Section 3.9.3

Miscellaneous Storage Section 3.9.1.18(Go to Chapter 13)

Rack Storage Chapters 16, 17, 20 and 22

Rack Storage Steps 1-5

Step 1: Identify commodity

Step 2: Identify building height

Step 3: Identify rack height with stored goods

Step 4: Confirm clearance to sprinklers

Step 5: Identify clearance to ceiling

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Rack Storage Step 6 IdentifyRack Type

56Rack Storage Single RowRack

No longitudinal fluespace

Width up to 6 ft

Aisles 3.5 ft fromother storage

57Rack Storage Double RowRack

Two single rowsback-to-back

Combined width to

12 ft

Aisles 3.5 ft on each

side


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58Rack Storage MultipleRow Rack

Wide or singlerow

Aisles less than

3.5

ft

Overall width

greater than 12ft

593.9.3 Rack StorageDefinitions

59314054

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3.9.3.5 Horizontal Barrier


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Vertical Barrier

623.9.3.6* Longitudinal FlueSpace

3.9.3.7.2 Movable Racks

Figure A.3.9.3.7(k)

Movable Rack

Pg. 263

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3.9.3.7.3 Multiple-Row RacksFigure A.3.9.3.7(f)

Multiple-Row Rack Served byReach Truck

Pg. 262

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Flow-Through Racks

Figure A.3.9.3.7(g)

Flow-Through

Pallet Rack

Pg. 262

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Figure A.3.9.3.7(i)

Flow-ThroughRacks (Top)

Pg. 263

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3.9.3.7.7 Open Rack


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3.9.3.7.8 Slatted Shelf RackFigure A.3.9.3.7(d)

Double-Row Racks with Slatted

Shelves

Pg. 261

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3.9.3.8 Solid Shelving

Figure A.3.9.3.7(c)

Double-Row Racks with Solid

Shelves

Pg. 261

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693.9.3.9 Transverse FlueSpace


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Rack Storage Step 8

Do I havemiscellaneousstorage?

Rack Storage Step 9

Determine designcriteria and sprinkler

technology

Additionalconsiderations

Chapter 16, 17 or 20

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Additional Considerations

Smoke venting and draft curtains

Excessive clearances

Roof slope

Building height

HVLS fans

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Roof Venting

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Draft Curtains

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Excessive Clearances


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Ceiling Slope

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HVLS Fans

Rack Specific AdditionalConsiderations

Open top containers

Aisle widths (including narrow aisles)

Movable racks

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Narrow Aisles

Single- and double-row racks with aisle

widths less than 3 ft

6 in. must beconsidered

multiple-row racks

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Movable Racks

Design asmultiple-rowracks

Review

Required information

Critical dimensions

Miscellaneous storage

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82CONCLUSION

Questions & Answers

Handout: www.firesprinkler.org/convention

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Mondays PresentationSeminar ID# 00459

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Documents

0929 0930 Storage Occupancies