6.P.1.1 Compare the properties of waves to the wavelike property of sound.

6.P.1.3 Explain the relationship among the rate of vibration, the medium through which vibrations travel, sound and hearing.

Making Sound Waves: A sound wave begins with a vibration.

How Sound Travels: Like other mechanical waves, sound waves carry energy

through a medium without moving the particles of the medium along.

Reflection: Sound waves may reflect when they hit a surface

Diffraction: Sound waves can also diffract, bend around corners, this is why you can hear someone talking around the corner before going around the corner.

Interference: Sound waves may meet and interact with each other.

Elasticity:

If you stretch a rubber band and then let it go, it returns to its original shape; However, when you stretch modeling clay it stays stretched. Elasticity is the ability of material bouncing back after being disturbed.

Density: Density is how much matter, or mass there is in a given amount of space, or volume

Temperature: In a given medium, sound travels more slowly at a lower temperature. At a low temperature the particles of a medium more move slowly then at a high temperature.

Energy of a Sound Wave: In general, the greater the energy used

to make the sound, the louder the sound.

Distance From a Sound Source: Loudness increases the closer you are to the sound source.

Measuring Loudness: The loudness of different sounds is compared using a unit call the decibels (dB).

Pitch and Frequency: Sounds with a high frequency have a high pitch, sounds with a low frequency have a low pitch.

Changing Pitch: Pitch is an important property off music because music usually uses specific pitches called notes.

What Causes The Doppler Effect: When a sound source moves, the frequency of the waves changes because the motion of the source adds to the motion of the waves.

What Causes Shock waves: When the plane travels almost as fast as the speed of sound the sound barrier is broken

Fundamental Tones and Overtones: You may recall that standing waves occur when

waves with just the right frequency interfere as they reflect back and forth.

Resonance: Resonance affects the sound quality of a musical

instrument by increasing the loudness of certain overtones.

Stringed Instruments: The guitar and violin are stringed

instruments.

Wind Instruments: Wind instruments include brass

instruments; such as trumpets and woodwind instruments suchas clarinets.

Percussion Instruments: Percussion instruments include drums

bells cymbals and xylophones.

Acoustics is used in the design of correct halls to reverberation and interference.

Outer Ear: The outer part of your ear acts

as a funnel and collects sound.

Middle Ear: Behind the ear drum is

the middle ear, the middle ear contain 3 of the smallest bones in your body called the hammer, the anvil, and stirrup.

Inner Ear: A membrane separates the

middle ear form the inner ear; the third section of the ear.

Causes of Hearing Loss: Hearing loss can occur suddenly if

the eardrum is damaged or punctured.

Hearing Aid: For some types of hearing loss

the hearing aids can restore some ability to hear.

Microphone: The microphone converts acoustic sound energy into electrical energy. Some hearing aids use two microphones to help separate background noise.

Processor: The processor digitizes the acoustic sound, then separates background noise from speech. Both are processed to make speech clearer and to reduce the interference of background noise.

Amplifier: The amplifier boosts the processed signal according to the pattern and severity of your hearing loss, as well as the amount of background noise.

Speaker: The speaker converts the electrical signal back into acoustic sound and directs the sound into your ear canal. Some models have the speaker placed in your ear canal. Some use a tube that connects the speaker to plug or custom ear mold. Others have the components housed in a custom-fitting shell.

Battery compartment: The battery powers the electronic components. The battery compartment is used to turn the hearing aid on and off.

Optional controls: Some models have a volume control to regulate the volume. Others have a program control, enabling you to change the processing for different listening situations, such as high background noise or music. These controls are available on the hearing aids or on a remote control.

Bats: Bats can use ultrasound waves with

frequencies up to 100,000 Hz to move around and hunt.

Dolphins, Porpoises, Whales: Dolphins, porpoises, and whales something

have to hunt in the darkness so like the bats they use echolocation ultrasounds up to 150,000 Hz.

Sonar: A system that uses reflected sounds

wave to detect and locate objectsunderwater is called sonar.

Ultrasound Imagine: Doctors use ultrasound imaging to look inside

the human body.

Sound quality is a blend tones.

Ultrasound is used to look inside humans, animals, and other objects. For example, if a woman is expecting it will allow you to see the baby inside.

What does a sound wave begin with? A. a noise B. a vibration C. a metal object D. none of the above

The loudness of different sounds is compared using a unit call ______________. A. boom B. meter C. decibels D. deadbeats

What part of your ear acts as a funnel and collects sound? A. middle ear B. inner ear C. outer ear D. ear drum