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Clothing and Textiles 1

Ironing Techniques and Fabric Constructio

n

+Parts of the Iron

Thermostat

+Parts of the Iron

Steam Release

Thermostat

+Parts of the Iron

Thermostat

Steam Release

Sprayer

+Parts of the Iron

Thermostat

Steam Release

Sprayer

Handle

+Parts of the Iron

Thermostat

Steam Release

Sprayer

Handle Power

+Parts of the Iron

Thermostat

Steam Release

Sprayer

Handle Power

Water Tank

+Parts of the Iron

Thermostat

Steam Release

Sprayer

Handle Power

Water Tank

Sole Plate

+Safety and Care

Don’t touch the sole plate when iron in on.

Leave iron up right when not using.

Always unplug iron and drape cords across ironing board when finished.

Distilled water for water tank- helps keep sprayer and steamer unclogged.

Clean the sole plate with a wet towel or steel wool.

+Pressing equipment

Ironing board

Press cloth

Tailors ham

Sleeve board

+Techniques

Press as you go.

Press seam allowances open, unless indicated other wise.

Ironing: sliding motion over the fabric

Pressing: applying pressure to the garment, with no movement. Up and down movement.

+Fusible material

Fusible interfacing: woven, non-woven

Fusible fleece

Use: “bumpy” side of interfacing is the attachable side- this

needs to be toward the fabric. Apply heat, moisture, and pressure for about 10-12

seconds Lift iron, then set on a new section of garment, and

repeat.

+Fabric and Temperature

Natural: Wool Silk Cotton/linen

Synthetic: Polyester Nylon

Specialty: Pile Fabric Sheer

+Fabric Construction:

Woven Characteristics

Woven fabrics are made by interlacing two sets of yarns at right angles to each other.  The two types of yarns that woven fabrics are comprised of are warp yarns and filling yearn.  A warp yarn is is the length-wise yarn, and the filling yarn in the yarn that runs width wise.  (see picture)

Filling

Warp

+Fabric Construction:

Woven Characteristics

selvage- the lengthwise edge of the fabric, usually between ¼ and ½ inch.  Warp yarns are always parallel to the selvage

grain- The grain of the fabric is indicated by the direction parallel to either the warp or the filling yarn. This term is used if a fabric has been cut parallel to the warp or filling yarns.

cut edge- has been cut with scissors, or rotary blade, but is still subject to fraying (if woven)

raw edge-non-finished edge, subject to fraying (if woven)

+Fabric Construction:

Woven Characteristics

lengthwise grain- When fabric is cut parallel to the warp yarn

crosswise grain- When fabric is cut parallel to the filling yarn

*fabric cut off grain will create a product that is skewed or twisted.

(picture found on sewaquilt.com)

+Fabric Construction:

Woven Characteristics

bias- a direction in the fabric that is not parallel to either types of yarn.  Woven fabrics drape best when cut on the bias.

(picture found at how-to-quilt.com)

+Fabric Construction:

Woven Characteristics

can often stretch

frays easily

has warp and filling yarns

Examples: Taffeta, Satin, Brocade, Canvas, Corduroy, Denim, Tweed

+Fabric Construction:

Knit Characteristics

described as the inter-looping of yarns (loops are formed and other loops are drawn through them)

Examples: jersey, Tulle

+Fabric Construction:

non-woven/felted Characteristics bonding or interlocking of fibers through mechanical,

chemical or thermal means.  

more materials available with the increase in technology

generally made of polyester or rayon

Examples: wipes, vacuum bags, dryer sheets, tea bag, diapers, window shade, felt

+Fabric Selection Pants:

Fashion suiting Denim Corduroy

Blouse: Silk Calico (cotton) Shirting twill

Dress: Taffeta (prom dress) Satin Calico (cotton)

Bag: Upholstery Duck cloth Corduroy

See back of pattern envelop for manufactures suggestions.

+References

Halgren, P. (n.d.). Retrieved June 2, 2011, from how-to-quilt.com: http://www.how-to-quilt.com

Ingrid Johnson, A. C. (2010). J.J.Pizzuto's Fabric Science Ninth Edition. Fairchild Books.

Massard, G. (n.d.). Retrieved June 2, 2011, from sewaquilt.com: www.sewaquilt.com

Created by: Elizabeth Hale, Shanna Haws, Whitney Carter