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• Chapter 4:
- Cell theory
- Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic
- Characteristics of all cells
- Prokaryotic cells
- Animal vs. plant cells
- Parts of the cell and functions
• If time: Intro to Chapter 5
Cell Theory
Human Brain Cell Breast Cancer Cell Human Fat Cell Red Blood Cells
•The cell is the fundamental unit of structure
and function in living things
•All cells come from pre-existing cells by
division
•Energy flow occurs within cells
Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells
Fig 1.3, pg 4
Features Found in All Cells
•DNA and RNA
•Ribosomes
•Proteins doing
work
•Cytoplasm
•Cell
membrane
Cell Membranes
Phospholipid bilayer: helps membranes to be
selectively permeable
Plasma Membrane: Fluid Mosaic of Phospholipids and Proteins
Fig 5.1, pg74
Functions of Membrane Proteins 1 - Enzyme activity
2 – Receptors
3 - Transport
Prokaryotic Cell
Fig 4.3, pg 55
Eukaryotic Cells:
Animal vs. Plant Cells
Animal Cells
• Centriole
• Lysosome
Plant Cells
• Cell wall
• Chloroplast
• Central vacuole
The Nucleus
• Contains DNA
• Directs protein synthesis
Fig 4.5, pg 58
Organelles of the Endomembrane System
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
• No attached ribosomes
• Synthesis of lipids
• In liver, help process harmful substances
Fig 4.8a, pg 60
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
• Attached ribosomes
• Makes more membrane
• Modification of proteins
Fig 4.8b, pg 60
Golgi Apparatus
• “Shipping & Receiving”
• Receives and modifies ER products
Fig 4.9, pg 61
Lysosome
• Digestive functions
• Recycling of damaged organelles
Fig 4.10, pg 62
A review of the endomembrane system
Fig 4.12, pg 63
Energy-Converting Organelles
Chloroplasts
• Photosynthesis!
Mitochondria
• Cellular respiration (convert chemical
energy of food to ATP)
Fig 4.13, pg 63
Support: Cytoskeleton
Fig 4.16, pg 65
Cilia and Flagella
Cilia in the human
respiratory tract Flagella on a single-
celled protist