5 Themes

5 Themes of Geography include:1. Place2. Location3. Region4. Movement5. Human-Environment

Interaction

Understanding the 5 themes helps geographers determine why societies developed the way that they did and act the way that they do.

Maps

Regardless of their type, most all maps include similar features:

1. Scale - the relationship (or ratio) between distance on a map and the corresponding distance on the ground

2. Key/legend - a table on a map or chart listing and explaining the symbols used.

3. Compass Rose - a circle showing the principal directions printed on a map or chart

Longitude and Latitude

4. Longitude and Latitude:

Longitude - the angular distance of a place east or west of the Prime Meridian

▪ i.e. 60 Degrees West

Prime Meridian - the earth's zero of longitude, which passes through Greenwich, England.

Latitude - the angular distance of a place north or south of the earth's equator

Equator - an imaginary line drawn around the earth equally distant from both poles; parallel of latitude 0°

Lines are expressed in degrees because the earth is a sphere1. Latitude is listed first, followed by

longitude2. What country would be 30 Degrees South,

135 Degrees East?

Hemispheres

Line of Longitude and Latitude are used by geographers to divide the world in to hemispheres

Hemi – half Sphere – circle

Equator divides the world in to Northern and Southern Hemispheres

Prime Meridian divides the world in to Eastern and Western Hemispheres

Combined, the earth is divided into 4 parts

Northwest Northeast Southwest Southeast

Physical Map

Today we are going to apply our skills, and gain some new vocabulary, by completing a physical map of the world

For each portion of the handout you must:1. Define the key term ▪ (Do this on a separate sheet of

paper)▪ Title: Landform Vocabulary

2. Map it

3. Make an inference based on the question

Partner Work

Materials:▪ Textbook▪ Writing Utensil▪ Colored Pencils▪ Maps handout

Vocab

6. Ocean A very large expanse of water encompassing more than one sea.

7. Sea - a roughly definable area of the ocean

8. Bay - a broad inlet of the sea where the land curves inward.

9. Gulf - a deep inlet of the sea almost surrounded by land, with a narrow mouth

10. River Mouth - A river mouth or stream mouth is a part of a river where it flows into a sea, river, lake, reservoir or ocean.

11. Highland - an area of high or mountainous land.

13. Plain - a large area of flat land with few trees

14. Cape - is a headland or promontory of large size extending into a body of water, usually the sea.