3

1

125

5 (3 )

1. (Threshold)

2.

3.

4.

5.

5

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

1.

2. 5

3.

4.

1.

2.

3.

5

(Perception)

(Bernstein. 1999 : 72) (perception is learned)

5-1

: Bernstein.1999 : 73

1.

2.

3.

4.

.

(perception is selective) 2

1.

(Quinn. 1985 : 33 34)

1.1 (intensity and size)

1.2 (contrast)

1.3 (repetition)

2 3

1.4 (movement)

1.5 (Novelty)

1.6 (Social Insinuations)

2. 2

2.1 (Physiological Factors)

20

2.2 (Psychological Factors)

2.2.1 (interest)

2.2.2 (expectancy)

12

A 1 C

14

13 13

2.2.3 (need)

2.2.4 (value)

3

1. (Figure and Ground)

(Figure-Ground relationship)

1 (Gestalt approach)

5-2 (Figure and Ground)

: Bernstein.1999 : 98

Edgar Rubin (1915-1958)

1.

2.

3.

2. (Organization)

1. Law of proximity

a b c d e f g h

2. Law of similarity

3. Law of good continuation ()

2 4

4. Law of closure ()

3. (Pattern Recognition)

The Distinctive-features approach Eleanor Gibson Gibson E 4 O C

Recognition-by-components theory () Irving Biederman 3

5-3

: Matlin.1995 : 112

2 ( . 2540 : 157)

1. (Physical movement)

2. (Apparent movement)

24

Biological movement () Johansson

(Motion Sickness)

(dramamine) ( . 2540 : 167)

(Monocular) (Bicular) 20 (Matlin. 1995 : 113-114)

1. Relative sign

2. Overlap

3. Texture gradient

4. Linear perspective

5. Atmospheric perspective

5-4

: Matlin.1995. : 114

( ) 4 (Matlin. 1995 : 115-116)

1. (size constancy)

2. (shape constancy)

compact disc

3. (brightness constancy)

4. (color constancy)

(illusion)

1. 2. 3. 3 (Matlin. 1995 : 116-118)

1. Poggendorff Illusion

2. Line-Length Illusion

Muller-Lyer Ponzo spatial ability

5-5 4 Ponzo illusions (A) Poggendorf

illusions (B) Hering illusions (C) Zollner illusions (D)

: Roediger.1989. : 146

3. Illusory Contours 5-5

1. (background) 2. Stanley and Clare(1983) (Gestalt)

5-6 Illusory Contours

: Matlin.1995. 118

1.

2. spatial ability

3. (Gestalt)

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

1. . (2540) . : .

2. Bernstein. D. A. (1999) Essentials of Psychology. Boston : Houghton Mifflin

Company.

3. Matlin. M. W. (1995) Psychology. (2nded.) : Holt Rinehart and Winston, Inc.

4. Quinn, Virginia Nichols. (1984) Applying Psychology. Simgapore : McGraw-Hill Book

Company.

5. Roediger. H. L. (1987) Psychology. (2nded.) : Little, Brown & Company Limited.

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(Perception)

(Shape Perception)

(Motion Perception)

(Distance Perception)

(Constancy)

(Illusions and Illusory Contours)

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