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PSCI 3500.001Introduction to Peace StudiesSummer II 2018 - 12:00pm-1:50pm BLB065 Mustafa Kirisci, Instructor (171 Wooten)

E-mail: mustafakirisci@my.unt.edu Office Hours: MT, 2-3:30 or by appointmentTextbooks: No TextbookAdditional readings available on BLACKBOARD

Course ObjectivesWe begin with the assumption that most people would prefer to live in a peaceful environment than in one torn by conflict, violence, and war. This assumption must be tempered with the observation that war and other forms of armed conflict are all too common features of politics within and between nations: since the end of World War II, there has not been a single day in which there was not a war of some sort going on somewhere in the world. This paradox defines the core purpose of this course: how do we understand the causes and forms of conflict, and how do we understand the conditions and processes that contribute to the resolution of on-going conflicts and the prevention of future conflicts? Since this is a political science course, we will focus more on political questions such as the forms and causes of armed conflict, means of conflict resolution, and the conditions that contribute to a durable peace within and between nations. However, the field of peace studies encompasses theories from sociology, anthropology, philosophy, and psychology as well as political science. Insights from these other disciplines will broaden our understanding of the conditions of peace.

COURSE REQUIREMENTSYour final grade will be based on TWO exams (40% of your final grade) and one presentation (worth 30% of your final grade), 3 pop-up quizzes (30% of the final grade).

EXAMS (40%)There will be TWO non-cumulative exams, which will determine 40% of your grade. Each exam will be counted for 20 percent of your overall grade. The exams will be a combination of multiple choice and true/false questions. I will distribute a study guide a few days before the exam date.

Mid-term exam: July 24, 12:00-1:50, BLB065Final exam: August 10, 12:00-1:50, BLB065

PLEASE NOTE: Don’t be late on the exam day. No one will be allowed to start the exam after one person has turned in their exam.

POP-UP QUIZZES (30%)

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There will be 3 unannounced quizzes, counting for 30% of your overall grade. When you miss one of these quizzes for any reason, you will get zero and there will be no make-up quiz. No exception on this rule. Since there is no prior notice for these quizzes and these quizzes count for 30 percent in total of your final grade, I strongly recommend you to not to miss any class session because there is always a possibility that I might do the quiz in the class you missed. Quiz questions consist of multiple choice, true/false or fill in the blanks.

PRESENTATION (30%)You will also make a presentation on a policy issue that is relevant to peace or conflict studies. The presentation counts for 20 percent of your overall grade. You must choose your topic and let me know via email or face-to-face until July 18. Failing to do that will decrease your grade on this assignment by 10 points. After I confirm your presentation topic, you will do your presentation verbally or do a power-point presentation. I recommend you do a visual presentation by using power-point or similar programs. You will do your presentation in front of the class, and your presentation should be 5-10 minutes. There will be a question & answer session for a few minutes after each student’s presentation. I recommend you guys to ask reasonable and plausible questions to the presenter. I will add 1 extra point to your final exam per question you asked in the presentations. I will post the schedule of presentations showing who will present when. I will create the schedule of the presentations based on the alphabetical order. Examples of legitimate topics would be:

conflict resolution in Iraq, Syria, Colombia, Afghanistan, DRC or any other nation currently involved in an armed conflict;

nuclear proliferation generally, on the Korean peninsula, in Iran, between India and Pakistan, or elsewhere;

peacekeeping and post-conflict peace building, generally or in specific cases; why some women participate in rebel/terrorist groups The effect of underrepresentation of women in politics on internal conflict, democratization,

human rights The problems with civil-military relations and the impact of these relations on democratization,

war, conflict, post-conflict stabilization. what can be done to prevent gross violations of human rights, including genocides and human

trafficking transitional justice (truth and reconciliation commissions, international criminal tribunals) and

their impact on post-conflict stabilization building democracies in the aftermath of nonviolent movements like Arab Spring movement. how to deal with terrorism/insurgency; counterterrorism/counterinsurgency strategies what can be done to prevent personalist regimes (e.g. Saddam, Gaddafi, Stalin) or monarchies

(North Korean regime) from threatening international securityScan the syllabus and the readings if you need additional ideas on possible paper topics. If you have doubts about the appropriateness of your topic or the sources you are using, check with me. Your presentation will be graded according to:

1) how clearly and thoroughly you define and analyze the policy problem;a) Explaining what the policy issue/problem

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b) Explaining why the policy issue/problem is important for international security or world peace2) the extent and clarity of your factual understanding of the issue, its causes, and its context,

incorporating material from the scholarly articles 3) how well you explain what the policy options are to resolve this issue and 4) how well you defend why your proposal is preferable to the alternatives. 5) how well you answer the questions from the instructor or the audience

EXAM RULESPut your name and id number on BOTH the exam and answer sheet.Turn in BOTH your answer sheet AND the exam questions.Remove hats, caps, sunglasses. Remove all books, notes, electronic devices from your desk.You cannot leave the room during the exam; if you leave, you must turn in your exam. NO EXCEPTIONS.Be on time for the exam. No exams will be distributed after the first person has turned in a completed exam. NO EXCEPTIONS. If you come in after someone has turned in the exam, you will receive a grade of 0 for the exam.Turn off all cell phones and other electronic devices. Put them and all backpacks, notebooks, and other material/devices under your desk. You many not answer calls, texts, or other messages during the exam.

CLASS PARTICIPATION AND ATTENDANCETo avoid strict lecture formats and make the lecture more interactive, there will be group discussions and activities in the class sessions. The class will be divided into 5-6 groups, and in each class session, I will direct question(s) to the whole class during the lecture, and allow the groups to discuss about the question for 1-2 minutes, and then I will take each group’s answer for the question. The questions will be about the topic we are covering, and require you guys to discuss about the question, rather than ask you to give a yes/no answer. To enable these group discussions, I will post an excel sheet showing who is in which group to blackboard. I will randomly assign people to the groups. BUT if you want to form your own group with your friends you know or if you think your group is not doing well during the discussions and want to be in a different group, let me know and I will make some arrangements. If you want to form your own group, please let me know in the first class day and give me a list including people in your group in the second class day. In terms of attendance, I will not take attendance regularly. But given how crucial pop-up quizzes are for your final grade, I strongly recommend you not to miss any class session. If you miss any quiz, your grade might be significantly hurt. I will not do make-up quiz for those missing the quiz. If you don’t attend to any session of the class, you will be responsible for all material covered in class and for all other tasks assigned for completion outside of class. Absence from class does not excuse ignorance of the material covered or failure to complete assignments made that day or failure to turn in assignments due that day. It is your responsibility to find out what you missed when you are absent and to keep up with the course. But if you have something you don’t understand in studying on what you missed, I will always be ready to help you.

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Classroom EtiquetteAll students must treat the instructor, the other students, and the classroom setting with respect. This means showing respect for alternative opinions and points of view, listening when either the instructor or a fellow student is speaking to the class, and refraining from insulting language and gestures. Repeated or egregious instances of classroom disruption will result in referral to the Center for Student Rights and Responsibilities to consider whether the student's conduct violated the Code of Student Conduct. The Code of Student Conduct can be found at www.unt.edu/csrr. During the lectures, turn off your phone and keep it silent. Texting or talking on the phone is prohibited. If you have an emergent issue and need to talk on the phone, leave the class, and come back after talking. Given these rules, failing to comply with the classroom etiquette will result in reductions on your overall grade. The instructor has the discretion on how much he will reduce the student’s grade based on the level of violation committed by the student.

Americans with Disabilities Act Statement:The University of North Texas is on record as being committed to both the spirit and letter of federal equal opportunity legislation; reference Public Law 92-112 – The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 as amended. With the passage of new federal legislation entitled Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), pursuant to section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act, there is renewed focus on providing this population with the same opportunities enjoyed by all citizens. If you believe you have a disability requiring accommodation, you must contact the Office of Disability Accommodation before accommodations can be given. Students who wish to utilize the testing center must first complete an Alternative Test Request form from the Office of Disability Accommodations that must be signed by the instructor for each course and exam that he or she wishing to take at ODA Testing Center. The form must then be turned in to ODA's main office at the University Union Suite 322A at least 72 hours prior to any regularly scheduled exam and 1 week before a final exam. Please visit h tt p :// w ww . un t. e du / oda / i n d e x . h t m l Academic Misconduct:Academic Integrity is defined in the UNT Policy on Student Standards for Academic Integrity. Any suspected case of Academic Dishonesty will be handled in accordance with the University Policy and procedures. Possible academic penalties range from a verbal or written admonition to a grade of “F” in the course. Further sanctions may apply to incidents involving major violations. You will find the policy and procedures at: h tt p ://f a c u l t y s u cc e ss. un t . ed u / a c ade m i c - i n t egr i ty Acceptable Student Behavior:Student behavior that interferes with an instructor’s ability to conduct a class or other students' opportunity to learn is unacceptable and disruptive and will not be tolerated in any instructional forum at UNT. Students engaging in unacceptable behavior will be directed to leave the classroom and the instructor may refer the student to the Center for Student Rights and Responsibilities to consider whether the student's conduct violated the Code of Student Conduct. The university's expectations for student conduct apply to all instructional forums, including university and electronic classroom, labs, discussion groups, field trips, etc. The Code of Student Conduct can be found at h tt p s:// d eano fst u den ts. u n t. e d u /c on d u ct

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Please be considerate of others. Do not disturb or distract your classmates, whether by surfing the web, chatting with friends, or snoring. Students who have complaints about others' disruptive behavior should first talk to the classmate who is disruptive and then see me. Your TA’s will almost monitor classroom behavior and report any issues to me.Sexual Discrimination, Harassment, & Assault:UNT is committed to providing an environment free of all forms of discrimination and sexual harassment, including sexual assault, domestic violence, dating violence, and stalking. If you (or someone you know) has experienced or experiences any of these acts of aggression, please know that you are not alone. The federal Title IX law makes it clear that violence and harassment based on sex and gender are Civil Rights offenses. UNT has staff members trained to support you in navigating campus life, accessing health and counseling services, providing academic and housing accommodations, helping with legal protective orders, and more. UNT’s Dean of Students’ website offers a range of on-campus and off-campus resources to help support survivors, depending on their needs: h tt p :// d eano fst u den ts. u n t. e du / re s our c e s _ 0 . Renee McNamara is UNT’s Student Advocate and she can be reached through e-mail at SurvivorAdvocate@unt.edu or by calling the Dean of Students’ office at 940-565-2648. Department of Political Science – POLICY ON CHEATING AND PLAGIARISM. The UNT Code of Student Conduct and Discipline defines cheating and plagiarism as the use of unauthorized books, notes, or otherwise securing help in a test; copying others' tests, assignments, reports, or term papers; representing the work of another as one's own; collaborating without authority with another student during an examination or in preparing academic work; or otherwise practicing scholastic dishonesty. Normally, the minimum penalty for cheating or plagiarism is a grade of "F" in the course. In the case of graduate departmental exams, the minimum penalty shallbe failure of all fields of the exam. Determination of cheating or plagiarism shall be made by the instructor in the course, or by the field faculty in the case of departmental exams.

Cases of cheating or plagiarism on graduate departmental exams, theses, or dissertations shall automatically be referred to the departmental Graduate Studies Committee. Cases of cheating or plagiarism in ordinary coursework may, at the discretion of the instructor, be referred to the Undergraduate Studies Committee in the case of undergraduate students, or the Graduate Studies Committee in the case of graduate students. These committees, acting as agents of the department Chair, shall impose further penalties, or recommend further penalties to the Dean of Students, if they determine that the case warrants it. In all cases, the Dean of Students shall be informed in writing of the case. Students may appeal any decision under this policy by following the procedures laid down in the UNT Code of Student Conduct and Discipline. Policy on Academic IntegrityThe Political Science Department adheres to and enforces UNT's policy on academic integrity (cheating, plagiarism, forgery, fabrication, facilitating academic dishonesty and sabotage). Students in this class should review the policy (UNT Policy Manual Section 18.1.16), which may be located ath t t p s:// p o li c y . un t. e du / po li c y / 06 - 00 3 Violations of academic integrity in this course will addressed in compliance with the penalties and procedures laid out in this policy. Students may appeal any decision under this policy by following the procedures laid down in the UNT The UNT Policy Manual Section 18.1.16 "Student Standards of Academic Integrity”.

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ADDITIONAL RULES ON ACADEMIC INTEGRITY - PLAGIARISM AND CHEATINGYou are expected to do your own work for this course, and it must be original work for this course. Unfortunately, some students cheat and some students plagiarize other people's work. If you plagiarize or turn in as your own work something that someone else did either in its entirety or in large part, or if you turn in work that does not properly cite the sources from which you got your material (thereby creating the impression that the work is your original work), you will receive a grade of "F" for the course, and you will be referred to the appropriate student judicial authorities for violation of the University's academic honesty policies. If you do not understand what constitutes cheating or plagiarism, ask me. Specifically, the following are unacceptable:You may not turn in a paper that someone else wrote either in whole or in part.You may not turn in a paper that you have purchased from a term paper/research service. Nor may you turn in your paraphrased or otherwise rewritten version of a paper you obtained from one of these services or from another student. YOU are supposed to do the research AND the writing.You may not turn in a paper that you have turned in for another class, regardless of whether that other class is this semester or some previous semester.You may not quote or paraphrase long passages from books, journals, or web sites without attribution. Even with proper citation, it is not wise to turn in a paper that is largely a collection of quotes.Plagiarism also includes using passages from the works of others without citing the source. Any time you use more than ten consecutive words from a source, you should put that passage in quotation marks and cite the source. When you paraphrase a source (so that quotation marks are not needed) you still need to cite the source. When in doubt, provide a citation. Otherwise, you may be guilty of plagiarism, and I consider that a very serious offense.If you are unsure whether you need to cite a source, cite it. You will not be penalized for having too many citations. You will be penalized for failure to cite sources. Plagiarism of any form will not be tolerated. If you have any doubts about whether what you are doing amounts to plagiarism, see me.

COURSE OUTLINE AND READING ASSIGNMENTSWhat follows is the outline of the course, including the assigned readings and the dates we will discuss particular topics. This schedule is subject to change. The required readings for each week are listed. READINGS ARE POSTED ON THE BLACKBOARD PAGE FOR THIS COURSE. They are in a folder marked READINGS and in that folder there is a separate folder for each week of the class, containing that week’s readings. You are expected to have completed the readings by the time that week begins. In this manner, you will be prepared to participate in class discussions in an informed manner.

PART I: SOURCES OF CONFLICT/METHODS OF CONFLICT MANAGEMENTJuly 9: Peace and Conflict in the Post-Cold War EraReadings:

Gleditsch, Nils Petter; Erik Melander; and Henrik Urdal. 2016. “Introduction - Patterns of Armed Conflict Since 1945". In What Do We Know About Civil Wars? T. David Mason and Sara M. Mitchell. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield

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Suggested readingMack, Andrew, Ed. 2006. Human Security Brief. Vancouver: Human Security Centre.

July 10: When is Violence Justified?Readings:

Gene Sharp, “The Politics of Nonviolent Action: Three Ways Success May be Achieved”, pp. 259-265 in William

M. Evan, ed. War & Peace in an Age of Terrorism. Boston: Pearson. Martin Luther King, Jr. “Letter from a Birmingham Jail”

h tt p :// w ww .st a n f ord . edu / group /K i n g /f r equen t do cs/ b i r m i ng h a m . p d f Nelson Mandela, “I Am Prepared to Die”

July 11: Just War DoctrineReadings:

Calhoun, Laurie. 2002. “Legitimate Authority and ‘Just War’ in the Modern World,” Peace and Change 27, 1 (January): 37-58.

Enemark, C., & Michaelsen, C. 2005. “Just war doctrine and the invasion of Iraq.” Australian Journal of Politics & History,” 51(4), 545-563.

July 12: Theories of Interstate War: Conflict Between NationsReadings:

Levy, Jack. 2001. “Contending Theories of International Conflict: A Levels of Analysis Approach.” In Chester A. Crocker, Fen Osler Hampson, and Pamel Aall, eds. Turbulent Peace: The Challenges of Managing International Conflict. Washington, DC: U.S. Institute of Peace.

Mack, Andrew, ed. 2010. Human Security Report 2009/2010: Part I: the Causes of Peace

Russett, Bruce. 1996. “Why Democratic Peace?”, pp. 82-116 in Michael E. Brown, Sean M. Lynn-Jones and Stephen Miller, eds. Debating the Democratic Peace Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

July 16: Conflict over Resources and/or TerritoryReadings:

JSTOR: Thomas F. Homer-Dixon (1991). "On the Threshold: Environmental Changes as Causes of Acute Conflict." International Security 16, 2 (Autumn): 76-116. http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/2539061.pdf?refreqid=excelsior%3A314a68317bf2e29c2d0b3268a02540bc

Gleick, P. H. (1993). Water and conflict: Fresh water resources and international security. International security, 18(1), 79-112. http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/2539033.pdf?refreqid=excelsior%3A4e7ab9c3fdb8709a4d8e0830e60867d2

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July 17: Conflict within Nations: Civil WarReadings:

Mason, T. David. 2009. “The Evolution of Theory on Civil War and Revolution,” in Manus Midlarsky, ed., Handbook of War Studies III: the Intrastate Dimension. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.

Dixon, Jeffrey. 2009. "What Causes Civil Wars: Integrating Quantitative Research Findings," International Studies Review 11: 707-735.

July 18 Conflict within Nations: Civil War-2Readings:

Fearon, James D. "Why do some civil wars last so much longer than others?." Journal of Peace Research 41, no. 3 (2004): 275-301. http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0022343304043770

Ross, Michael L. "How do natural resources influence civil war? Evidence from thirteen cases." International organization58, no. 1 (2004): 35-67. http://web.b.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=1&sid=aa6856d8-291d-4d7e-af18-dddbac6b581c%40sessionmgr101

July 19: Ethnic ConflictReadings:

Mason, T. David. 2003 “Structures of Ethnic Conflict: Revolution versus Secession in Rwanda and Sri Lanka,” Terrorism and Political Violence 15 (3): 83-114.

Gurr, Ted Robert. 1994. “Peoples Against States: Ethnopolitical Conflict and the Changing World System,” International Studies Quarterly 38(3): 347-377.

July 23: TerrorismReadings:

Findley, Michael G. And Joseph K Young. 2012. "Terrorism and Civil War: A Spatial and Temporal Approach to a Conceptual Problem," Perspectives on Politics 10(2): 285-306

Kydd, A. H. and B. F. Walter. 2006. “The Strategies of Terrorism” International Security, 31 (Summer): 49–80.

July 24: MID-TERM EXAM

July 25: How Wars End

Readings: Edward N. Luttwak, “Give War a Chance,” Foreign Affairs, July/August 1999. Shelton, Allison M; Szymon M. Stojek; and Patricia L. Sullivan. 2013. "What Do We

Know About Civil War Outcomes?", International Studies Review 15: 515-538.

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July 26: Negotiating PeaceReadings:

Bercovitch, Jacob and Karl Derouen, Jr. 2005. “Managing Ethnic Civil Wars: Assessing the Determinants of Successful Mediation,” Civil Wars, 7, 1 (Spring): 98–116

Stedman, Stephen John. 1997. “Spoiler Problems in Peace Processes”, International Security 22 (Autumn): 5-53.

July 30: Peacekeeping and Post-Conflict PeacebuildingReadings:

Fortna, V.P. and Howard, L.M., 2008. Pitfalls and prospects in the peacekeeping literature. Annu. Rev. Polit. Sci., 11, pp.283-301. https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.polisci.9.041205.103022

Paris, Roland. 1997. “Peacebuilding and the Limits of Liberal Internationalism”, International Security, 22(2): 54-89.

July 31: Human RightsReadings

Donnelly, Jack. 1993. International Human Rights. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, Ch. 1,4 (on blackboard)

Davenport, C., 2007. State repression and political order. Annu. Rev. Polit. Sci., 10, pp.1-23. https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.polisci.10.101405.143216

August 1: Transitional Justice: Truth and Reconciliation and International TribunalsReadings

Akhavan, Payam. 2009. “Are International Criminal Tribunals a Disincentive to Peace?: Reconciling Judicial Romanticism with Political Realism.” Human Rights Quarterly. 31:624-654.

Mendeloff, David. 2004. "Truth-Seeking, Truth-Telling, and Postconflict Peacebuilding: Curb the Enthusiasm?" International Studies Review 6.3: 355-380.

August 2: Nuclear WeaponsReadings:

Glaser, Charles L. And Steve Fetter. 2001. “National Missile Defense and the Future of U.S. Nuclear Weapons Policy,” International Security 26 (Summer): 40-92.

Nunn, Sam. 2006. “The Race Between Cooperation and Catastrophe: Reducing the Global Nuclear Threat,” The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 607: 43-50.

August 6: Arms ControlReadings:

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Waller, Forrest E. 2002. “Strategic Nuclear Arms Control,” in Jeffrey Larsen, ed. Arms Control: Cooperative Security in a Changing Environment. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner.

Arms Control Association, US-Russian Arms Control Agreements at a Glance. U.S. Department of State. Nuclear Non-Proliferation Agreement.

August 7: The Peace Movement:Readings:

Meyer, David S. 1991. “Peace Movements and National Security Policy,” Peace and Change 16 (April): 131-161.

Stephan, Maria J., and Erica Chenoweth. "Why civil resistance works: The strategic logic of nonviolent conflict." International security 33, no. 1 (2008): 7-44.

August 8: Presentations August 9: Review and Presentations. August 10: FINAL EXAM, on the class time.

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