8
THE NEW TYPE OF A MULTI-CHANNEL BIOSENSOR GROUNDED ON A METHOD FOR WRITING A BINARY INFORMATION ON AND READING FROM BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANE BIOSENSOR BIOMEM ® Biosensor Today our environment is subject to pollution from a wide range of harmful substances. By measuring (Biosensor) the biological effect on living cells all chemical pollutants contained in the sample in question are taken in consideration - including toxic by-products. The total poisonous effect of the pollutants is recorded and displayed instantly, comprehensively and continuously by our Biosensor BIOMEM ® Potential uses The Biosensor BIOMEM ® is particularly suitable for operation in environmental monitoring of water and air and everywhere else where chemical pollutants are produced and dispersed. Operational areas include: Monitoring of surface water Early warning systems for drinking water supply areas Monitoring of work-place and processes Air quality control Supervision of waste combustion plants Screening for chemicals and drugs Functionality and set up The Biosensor BIOMEM ® is integrated into a flow injection system and made up of the following elements:

Biosensor biomemory

Embed Size (px)

DESCRIPTION

Memory potassium ion channels, memristor

Citation preview

Page 1: Biosensor  biomemory

THE NEW TYPE OF A MULTI-CHANNEL BIOSENSOR GROUNDED

ON A METHOD FOR WRITING A BINARY INFORMATION ON AND

READING FROM BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANE

BIOSENSOR BIOMEM ®

Biosensor Today our environment is subject to pollution from a wide range of

harmful substances.

By measuring (Biosensor) the biological effect on living cells all

chemical pollutants contained in the sample in question are taken in

consideration - including toxic by-products.

The total poisonous effect of the pollutants is recorded and displayed

instantly, comprehensively and continuously by our Biosensor BIOMEM ®

Potential uses The Biosensor BIOMEM ® is particularly suitable for operation in

environmental monitoring of water and air and everywhere else where

chemical pollutants are produced and dispersed. Operational areas include:

Monitoring of surface water

Early warning systems for drinking water supply areas

Monitoring of work-place and processes

Air quality control

Supervision of waste combustion plants

Screening for chemicals and drugs

Functionality and set up The Biosensor BIOMEM ® is integrated into a flow injection system

and made up of the following elements:

Page 2: Biosensor  biomemory

Biological component - immobilized cell Chara australis.

Transformer - electrodes transducer (electrodes (Ag/AgCl) for

measurement of a difference of electrical potentials on a biological

membrane, electrodes (Pt) for fixing a difference of electrical potentials on

a membrane: patch-clamp a method.

Amplifiers - highly sensitive low noise DC -amplifiers and internal

microprocessor (INTERFACE Lab Jack).

Data processing - external PC computer.

Advantages compared to alternative methods Reliable estimations of risks to the environment and human health

cannot be achieved by measuring single samples of pollutants. Instead it is

necessary to quantify the total effects of the impacts on intact biological

systems.

The essential advantages of the biosensor are:

The registration of environmental pollutants and specification their

total toxic effects on the media air and water. This procedure is rapid and

takes into account the potential effects of all substances contained in the

sample including any possible effects resulting from the combination of

substances.

The permanent monitoring of water for example can be guaranteed.

Also possible is the integration of the biosensor into complex monitoring

networks in air and water, including remote monitoring.

For instance if a sample of drinking water is found by the biosensor to

have a toxic effect, the water-pump or outlet can be closed or switched off

without delay.

Until now the standard procedure involved time consuming chemical

analyses which were carried out following the taking of samples. The

Biosensor BIOMEM ® enables for instance the flow of water to a drinking

water reservoir to be permanently monitored and therefore prevents large

damage.

The main difference of a Biosensor BIOMEM ® is that in this

biosensor the novel effect of <<membrane memory>> is used. By us ( < BIOTOPAGRO, SIC. >) was established, that on the isolated

small site of a biological membrane it is possible to write down, to read and

to erase one bit (0 or 1) information (ADDENDUM 1.).

Page 3: Biosensor  biomemory

The storage time of this information and as the temporary

characteristics of this process depends on the factors of external

environment in a solution (pollutants, chemicals and drugs).

It enables effectively to use Biosensor BIOMEM ® with the

purpose screening of chemicals and drugs on biological activity.

Aims and main of research <BIOTOPAGRO, SIC>

The customary practices of investigating individual samples from the

environment do not provide sufficient information about the state of our

environment or possible dangers to human health. Therefore a necessity

exists for continuous analysis methods, for instance by using biosensors to

monitor the environment.

The main attention of our work at the <BIOTOPAGRO, SIC> is the

development and manufacturing of biosensors to continuously assess

environmental toxins. These biosensors will be used to monitor the effects

of harmful substances which are otherwise difficult to estimate.

Biosensor BIOMEM ® is a Biosensor of NEW TYPE.

The main difference of Biosensor BIOMEM ® is that in this

Biosensor the effect of "membrane memory" is used.

It enables effectively to use Biosensor BIOMEM ® with the

purpose screening of chemicals and drugs on biological activity.

Page 4: Biosensor  biomemory

ADDENDUM 1.

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR WRITING, DELETING AND STORAGE OF THE

BINARY INFORMATION ON A BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANE

Vladimir Bobrov, Pavel Bobrou, Larisa Panifedova, Tamara Yanchevskaja BIOTOPAGRO SIC., Smolensk, Russia

Keywords: Biosensor, Memory materials, Binary information.

In recent years, applications of memory materials are the most important in electronic

industries such as computers and related apparatuses, video discs, and digital audio discs.

The early memory materials described by the Ovshinsky patents [1,2] could also, if

required, be switched between just the two structural states (high-resistance state and a low-

resistance state) of generally amorphous and generally crystalline local order to

accommodate the storage and retrieval of single bits of encoded binary information.

By us was established, that on the isolated small site of a biological membrane of cell

Chara australis it is possible to write down, to read and to erase one bit (0 or 1) information

(Fig. 1, Fig. 2).

The storage time of this information and as the temporary characteristics of this

process depends on the factors of external environment in a solution (pollutants, chemicals

and drugs).

The new type of a multi-channel digital biosensor grounded on a voltage-clamp

method of recording of the binary information on and reading from biological membrane it

is possible briefly to define so:

A multi-electrode biosensor includes a biological plant cell Chra australis, separated

on a plurality of electrical independent parts, a plurality of working and measuring

electrodes on the same plant cell, and a reference measuring and a reference working

electrodes in one electrical independent part of the plant cells (Fig. 3, 4, 5).

The new generation biologic sensor devices BIOMEM® based on using the biologic

macro molecules (ion channels) to write, store and read information, well be used for

screening of a potential drugs (in particular, neurotransmitter, odorant or flavor).

References

1. S. R. Ovshinsky, US Patent N 3,271,591 (1966)

2. S. R. Ovshinsky, US Patent N 3,530,441 (1970)

Page 5: Biosensor  biomemory

Fig. 1 Kinetics of changing a current (J, μA/sm2) getting through the membrane in

conditions voltage-clamp was registered simultaneously with membrane potential

(ψ, mV): T1 – time of reading, T2 – time of writing, T3 – time of storage information.

Page 6: Biosensor  biomemory

Fig. 2 From the drawing 2 seen that in 1850 ms (after writing one bit information (read(1))

membrane potential was shifted from the level - 140 mV before to the level

- 210 mV within 550 ms (Т4 - time of deleting information).

Page 7: Biosensor  biomemory

Fig. 4 Multi-channel flowing chamber

Page 8: Biosensor  biomemory

Fig. 5 WORK STATUON < NanoBioMem® >

1. 2-channel BIOSENSOR

2. 2-channel voltage-clamp potentiostate

3. Internodal cell Chara australis in multi-channel flowing camber

4. Multi-channel valve

5. Peristaltic pump

6. Two channel digital oscilloscope TDS 210 and PC

7. Lab Jack data acquisition