Thesis Project | RMIT Graduation Studio | The Last Notion of Street: Vary, Adapt, Engage - Transforming Eilandenbuurt Apartment

Publish 16,04,2014P5 Presentation Slides

Contact:Chi Yi [email protected] No. 4249143Delft University of TechnologyFaculty of Architecture and Built Environment (Bouwkunde)

The Lasting Notion of Street : Vary, Adapt, Engage.Transforming Eilandenbuurt ApartmentsChi Yi LIAO

Studio: Transforming Housing Heritage, Track: Heritage & Architecture (RMIT)

Tutor:Ir. Lidwine Spoormans Nicholas Clarke Pr. Arch.External Examiner: Rein Have

The Lasting Notion of Street : Vary, Adapt, Engage. Transforming Eilandenbuurt Apartments

Liao, Chi-Yi

Publish 16,04,2015P5 Slides

The Lasting Notion of Street

H.P. Berlage

“street as public domain”Influencer of Witteveen.

Key architects in Dutch Modernism.

Van den Broek & Bakma

Urban Ideology Architectural Ideology

Influencers and Designers

W.G. Witteveen

Head of Rotterdam city planning1924-1945City planner of Eilandenbuurt.

Architect of Eilandenbuurthousing projects 1939-1941.Institutionized post-war re-construction and housing in Rotterdam

J.H. Van den Broek

The planner The architect

The Lasting Notion of Street : Variate, Adapt, Engage. Transforming Eilandenbuurt Apartments

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Berlage’s visualization of plan for Amsterdam Zuid

Witteveen’s revised plan forRotterdam Zuid 1926

Concept of Eilandenbuurtminimal housing 1938-40

Plan of Tarwewijk (part of Eilanden-buur project 1940)

Urban Ideology Architectural IdeologyThe Plan The Architecture



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Block Stripe


W.G. Witteveen


Architect of Eilandenbuurthousing projects 1939-1941.Institutionalized post-war re-construction and housing in Rotterdam

J.H. Van den Broek



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Compositional Approach Planning


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Block Stripe


W.G. Witteveen


Architect of Eilandenbuurthousing projects 1939-1941.Institutionalized post-war re-construction and housing in Rotterdam

J.H. Van den Broek



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Source:

Standardize, Institutionalize


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Wall Structural differenceS

Partition wall as shear wallPrimary structrual walls, except the front and back facades, are all east-west oriented. the partition wall may also help to stablize the shear force from north-to-south direction. The partition wall increases in Algemeen Belang II.

Longer spanThe load bearing walls continue vertically through the whole hight of the building and the thickness of the walls decending from 33, 22 to 18 cm to reduce the load. The partition/shear walls are also brick work yet they are sit on the concrete floor and are not continue between floors.

Algemeen Belang I Algemeen Belang II

Load-bearing wallTh = 22 cm brick

Th = 18 cm brick at 2nd floor

Change of thickness

Reinforce22 cm brick

Reinforce work as buttress33*33 cm brick

(special) Partition wallTh = 11 cm brick

Partition wallTh = 11 cm brick

Reversible floor plan


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Mirroring PlanM In response to the orientation of street and the

sun, Van den Broek use two different strategies in Algemeen Belang I and II. Both way the overall structure is intact and only few components are adjusted.

Living rooms are preferred to be placed in west, but the orientation of doors will be reverse for the house in opposite side of the street.

Balconies doesn’t have a preferable side but for the street level units it is better to be at the garden side.

Van den broek tried different approach in two projects. The 1938 Algemeen Belang he tried more then three types, including one that the orientation of the whole plan is mirrored between 1st and second level.

In 1940 Algemeen Belang II the load bearing structure is fixed and the whole portiek and balconies are mirrored, narrowed down to two types.

Partition wall, align or notPIn the first project one of the types the relation between balcony and kitchen is fixed, so the partition wall can not be aligned vertically. Partition wall between kitchen and living room are not load bearing. The technical difficulty is higher and it is not continued in the second project

Fixed structure and mirrored layoutFThe relationship between balcony and kitchen are not fixed. The orientation of portiek staircase become the moving parts in response to the side of street. In these solution the two types share the same load bearing wall structure.

This part of wall is evident on the facade as yellowish stucco is applied.

Experiment 1938 - 1941


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Street-House-Garden

sectionstreet-level plan

Source: author

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Vary, Adapt, Engage


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1. Lack of Variety.Vary

common

house


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Traffic


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2. Low occupation rate

3. Lack in sense of a neighbourhood


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Loop of problem

Source:

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No investmenton major upgrade Lower market price

&higher moving rate

Attract starters &

low-incomebuyer

Poor conditionnot adaptableto new needs

private-owned collective housing in Eilandenbuurt

Problem Loop


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Design Goal: 3 actions

1. VaryCan the block target not only the starters, but also singles and larger families?

2. AdaptCan the occupation rate remain high during the building’s lifespan, by changing the proportion of small and large typologies?

3. EngageCan we increase the individual residents’ sense of belonging to a community in the apartment?


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Vary

Vary

common

house


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Vary

common

house


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1939 Stage 1 Stage 2

total 21 households total 13 households

+ =

+ =

total 18 households

Housing Typologies & Users


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Studio Single Starter Minimal Stantard

M€ €

€== €

€== €

€==€

€== €



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M€ €

€== €

€== €

€==€

€== €


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2

1

32

1939 vs. Stage1

Type: Studio


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x6x3 x3

student/bachelorstudioprivat shower & toilet

studioshared shower & toilet

M€ €

€==

corporation rental

Type: Studio


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x6x3 x3

student/bachelorstudioprivat shower & toilet

studioshared shower & toilet

M€ €

€==

corporation rental

Type: Single Apartment


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1 bedroom

single/couple

€€==

corporation buy-back.

x3

x6

Type: Starter Apartment


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1.5 bedrooms

starter familyempty nesters

€€== x5

Type: Minimal Apartment


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nuclear family

2 bedrooms, full dining & living room

€€==

x6

Type: Starter Apartment


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1.5 bedrooms

starter familyempty nesters

€€== x5

Type: Minimal Apartment


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nuclear family

2 bedrooms, full dining & living room

€€==

x1

Type: Standard Apartment


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3 or more bedroomslevel 1

level 2

larger family

€

private owned

x1

Type: Standard Apartment


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3 or more bedroomslevel 1

level 2

larger family

€

private owned

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Bathroom Module

ElectricityHeatingWater

Grey waterWaste water


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Adapt


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+ =

+ =

total 18 households

Stage 1 to Stage 2

1939 Vary Adapt

Ground Floor

Basement level

€€==€

€== €

€==



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M€ €

€== €

€== €

€==€

€== €



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M€ €

€== €

€== €

€==€

€== €



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M€ €

€== €

€== €

€==€

€== €


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Typologies in Proportion

1939 Vary Adapt



+ =

+ =

total 18 households

StudioSingleStarterMinimalStandard

StudioSingleStarterMinimalStandard


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Engage


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Casual Meet-up


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Casual Meet-up


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Traffic


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Traffic


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Open Corner

Elevator

Entrepreneur officePatio

Opened FloorMeet-up Places


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B’B

A’A

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Section BB’

The Lasting Notion of Street : Vary, Adapt, EngageTransforming Eilandenbuurt Apartments

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Section bb’ 1/40

Section aa’1/40

Roof Deck

House Floor & Wall

Patio

Basement Floor & Wall

Detail 1/20

1st Floor Plan 1/40

Roof Plan1/40

B’B

A’A A’A


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Section AA’


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Section bb’ 1/40

Section aa’1/40

Roof Deck

House Floor & Wall

Patio


Detail 1/20

1st Floor Plan 1/40

Roof Plan1/40

B’B

A’A A’A


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Section bb’ 1/40

Section aa’1/40

Roof Deck

House Floor & Wall

Patio


Detail 1/20

1st Floor Plan 1/40

Roof Plan1/40

B’B

A’A A’A

Sustainability


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Section bb’ 1/40

Section aa’1/40

Roof Deck

House Floor & Wall

Patio


Detail 1/20

1st Floor Plan 1/40

Roof Plan1/40

B’B

A’A A’A


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Section bb’ 1/40

Section aa’1/40

Roof Deck

House Floor & Wall

Patio


Detail 1/20

1st Floor Plan 1/40

Roof Plan1/40

B’B

A’A A’ARoof


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Roof


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Section bb’ 1/40

Section aa’1/40

Roof Deck

House Floor & Wall

Patio


Detail 1/20

1st Floor Plan 1/40

Roof Plan1/40

B’B

A’A A’A

Old / New


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Memory / History


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Wood stripe

Terrazzo & stoneFraming the portiek

Yellow Brick

Original interior plaster/wall paper

Materialization


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Site - Street Level - Basment1/400

Street Level - Basement1/100

Ground Floor

1st Floor

Back Facade - Basement

Back Facade - Garden Level

Facade1/100

2nd Floor

Roof

B’B

A’A

Wood stripe

Terrazzo & stoneFraming the portiek

Yellow Brick

Original interior plaster/wall paper


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Facade


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Ground Floor

1st Floor



Facade1/100

2nd Floor

Roof

B’B

A’A


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Back Facade


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Ground Floor

1st Floor



Facade1/100

2nd Floor

Roof

B’B

A’A


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Ground Floor

1st Floor



Facade1/100

2nd Floor

Roof

B’B

A’A


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Ground Floor

1st Floor



Facade1/100

2nd Floor

Roof

B’B

A’A


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Back Facade Basement


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Ground Floor

1st Floor



Facade1/100

2nd Floor

Roof

B’B

A’A


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Section “Portiek”


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New Entrance


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Spatial Sequance


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Common Floor Space Sequance

Start-up OfficeBasement

1

1

2

23

3

4 56

7

9

9

10

10

7

8

8

6

54Portiek, Office & Laundry Room

Basement

Entrance Hall & MailboxStreet Level

Type Standard ApartmentGround Floor to 1st Floor

“portiek” toward Office & CorridorGround Floor

Kids Room & Passage to GardensGround Floor

Elevator Hall1st Floor “Portiek” & Patio

“Portiek” toward Patios2nd Floor Patios


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1

1

2

23

3

4 56

7

9

9

10

10

7

8

8

6


Basement








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Spatial Sequance


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1

1

2

23

3

4 56

7

9

9

10

10

7

8

8

6


Basement








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Spatial Sequance


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1

1

2

23

3

4 56

7

9

9

10

10

7

8

8

6


Basement








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Spatial Sequance


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1

1

2

23

3

4 56

7

9

9

10

10

7

8

8

6


Basement








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Spatial Sequance: Patio


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1

1

2

23

3

4 56

7

9

9

10

10

7

8

8

6


Basement





