Prolog Making a LARP is to Design ans Activity (to create an Experience)

Jon Back

Jon Back - www.lets-play.se1

Jon Back

Lek, Spel, Verklighet

The Mobile Life Centre,StockholmsUniversitet


Jon Back


Eller:



Designer designSpelareaktivitetupplevelse




noun

1. a plan or drawing produced to show the look and function or workings of a building, garment, or other object before it is made: he has just unveiled his design for the new museum

a. [mass noun] the art or action of conceiving of and producing a plan or drawing of something before it is made: good design can help the reader understand complicated information

b. [mass noun] the arrangement of the features of an artefact, as produced from following a plan or drawing: inside, the design reverts to turn-of-the-century luxe

2. a decorative pattern: pottery with a lovely blue and white design

3. [mass noun] purpose or planning that exists behind an action, fact, or object: the appearance of design in the universe


“A specification of an object, manifested by an agent, intended to accomplish goals, in a particular environment, using a set of primitive components, satisfying a set of requirements, subject to constraints.”

Ralph & Wand (2009)


"Design is not just what it looks like and feels like. Design is how it works.”

Steve Jobs


Allafokuserarpåfysiskaartefakter!

Lajvärinte en fysiskartefakt!


Designerndesignar.

Men spelarnagöraktivitetersomleder till upplevelser.


Designer designSpelareaktivitetupplevelse


“game designers create experience, but only indirectly”

Speläremergenta system och du måsteitereraförattfåönskatresultat

Salen& Zimmerman


Du kanintedesignaaktiviteten, men du kanläggagrundenföraktivitetengenomattdesignasystemet, genomattdesignaartefakten




noun (plural activities)

1. [mass noun] the condition in which things are happening or being done: there has been a sustained level of activity in the economy

a. busy or vigorous action or movement: the room was a hive of activity

2. (usually activities) a thing that a person or group does or has done: the firm’s marketing activities

a. a recreational pursuit or pastime: a range of sporting activities

3. Chemistry a thermodynamic quantity representing the effective concentration of a particular component in a solution or other system, equal to its concentration multiplied by an activity coefficient.



Olikaforskningsfält, olikatankar

Intealltidkopplade till varandra


“What is left over if I subtract the fact that my arm goes up from the fact that I raise my arm?”

Wittgenstein


“causing wilful human bodily movements”

Aristotelesochframåt…


“a behavior caused by an agent in a particular situation”

agent desire+belief bodily behaviorDonald Davidson

throwing a ball v/s catching a cold


“an Action is 'social' if the acting individual takes account of the behavior of others and is thereby oriented in its course”

Max Weber

non-positivist.

Världen är mer än det man kan observera.


Rationella Leder till målet, utantankepåkonsekvenser

Instrumentella Efterutvärderandeavmåliförhållande till andramål

Känslostyrda Okontrollerade reaktioner Känslospänningar

Känslor Sociala Genereradeavvadsomkanhända (t.ex. Ångest/osäkerhet) Genereradeavglädjeochsorg Reaktion på tanke Kärlekochavsky

Aristoteles


Pavlovsreflexionismräckerinteförattförklaradjursbeteendenochatt de harettaktivtförhållande till verkligheten. Activities

Människorgör"actions"sominte, i sig själva, upfyllerettbehov, men leder mot ettiförlängingen. Blirförståeligtförsti social kontext

Leont’ev, byggerpåVygotsky


Activity Theory iHCIbeskriver“meningsfullainteraktioner” mellansubjektochobjektivälden, medierademed verktyg

Psykologiskaochfysiska

Verkygpåverkarhurmänniskorinteragerarmed objekt

Kaptelinin


Handlingensanatomi

Mål Intention Besluta handling Exekvera handling Uppfatta världen Tolka världen Utvärderaresultatet

Norman


Dettahandlarommänniskor

Spelareärmänniskorsomspelar en roll

Spelarenkanupplevarollensom den harandrakänslor, vilketleder till andra actions och activities.

Måsteförhålla sig både till roll ochspelare._


Slutarofta med “action”.

Attförstå en aktivitetärsvårare.




Legalt Kulturellt Individuellt

AntanasMockus(fdborgmästare, Bogota, Colombia)




noun1. [mass noun] practical contact with and

observation of facts or events

a. the knowledge or skill acquired by a periodof practical experience of something, especially that gained in a particular profession: you should have the necessary experience in health management

2. an event or occurrence which leaves an impression on someone


En mentaltuppfattad, oberarbetadaktivitet

Uppfattad ProcessadSpard

Ibland bättre senare än just nu

Kopplad till minne

Kopplad till känsla (vad nu detär…)


Dualism – Monoism

The Mind-Body Problem


Medvetenhethar en subjektivkaraktärNagel

“The sensation of colour cannot be accounted for by the physicist's objective picture of light-waves. Could the physiologist account for it, if he had fuller knowledge than he has of the processes in the retina and the nervous processes set up by them in the optical nerve bundles and in the brain? I do not think so.”

Shrödinger_


ineffable;kanbarakommunicerasellerförståsmeddirekterfarenhet.

intrinsic;ändrasinteberoendepåupplevelsenskopplingtill andraupplevelser.

private;kanintesystematisktjämförasmellanpersoner.

apprehensible in consciousness; tattupplevaqualeärattvetaatt man uppleverquale.

Daniel Dennett


Om fysisk “theory of mind” måsteförhålla sig till subjektivaerfarenheterkanobjektivametoderochreducerandevetenskapaldrighitta en “sanning”




Detfunkarjutydligen, såvarförkan vi ändådesigna, trots att vi inte vet vad folk kommergöra?


"To play a game is to attempt to achieve a specific state of affairs [prelusory goal], using only means permitted by rules [lusory means], where the rules prohibit use of more efficient in favour of less efficient means [constitutive rules], and where the rules are accepted just because they make possible such activity [lusoryattitude].”

Bernard Suits

_


Frivillighet

Magic Circle, detsocialakontraktetHuizinga / Salen& Zimmerman


“the map is not the territory”Korzybski

One describes a tale best by telling the tale. You see? The way one describes a story, to oneself or the world, is by telling the story. It is a balancing act and it is a dream. The more accurate the map, the more it resembles the territory. The most accurate map possible would be the territory, and thus would be perfectly accurate and perfectly useless. The tale is the map that is the territory.

Gaiman


The more control we give to the player, the harder it is to know what they do. But if we limit it to narrow, they will not care

Jesse Shell


“A game designers goal is not to design games. They are just a means to an end”

“The game is not the expereince, the game enables the experience”

Jesse Shell




Allatänkerintelika, men du kanläradinaspelareatttänka “rätt”.

…och du kanlära dig dinaspelare. (empatiär en rätt bra grej)

“Know your audience, better than they know themselves”

Jesse Shell

Vi skapar artefakter, inte upplevelser



Vit, vit, vit, mjölk

Stimuli påverkarsvarpåframtida stimuli

Perceptuellt, semantiskt, konceptuellt

Positiv priming Negativ priming






Mentalamodeller Mentalarepresentationer

Kognitionsvetenskap, psykologim.m.

Craik, Nature of explanation Även Piaget


Interna system förattskapaförståelse

Förenklaförattförstå

Vi ser våraerfarenhetersomäkta

Landetlajvien


Tänkpåandra, taderaskänslor

Komihåg de mentalamodellerna. Detberorpåvilkamodeller de har.

Empatiävenför ting. Kanskeävenförstoryn?


Förmåganatturskiljavadsomärviktigt

Flow: Svårighet - KunskapCsikszentmihalyi


Spelarenlägger till vadsomsaknas

Hängerihop med mentalamodeller

MimesisPlato, Aristotel, Averbach, Ricouéur, Genette, Wolf

Fourth WallDiderot, Auter& Davis

Willing suspension of disbeliefColeridge, Ferri

ImmersionMurray, Marinelli, Salen& Zimmermann, Boellstorff)


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