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SPRAY FINISHING SPRAY FINISHING USING FLAMMABLE USING FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE AND COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS MATERIALS 29 CFR 1910.107, Subpart H 29 CFR 1910.107, Subpart H Samuel D. Yates, Corporate Samuel D. Yates, Corporate Safety and Environmental Safety and Environmental Meadowcraft, Inc Meadowcraft, Inc . . [email protected] [email protected]

Spray Finishing Materials

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Page 1: Spray Finishing Materials

SPRAY FINISHING SPRAY FINISHING USING USING

FLAMMABLE AND FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE COMBUSTIBLE

MATERIALSMATERIALS29 CFR 1910.107, Subpart H29 CFR 1910.107, Subpart H

Samuel D. Yates, Corporate Safety Samuel D. Yates, Corporate Safety and Environmentaland EnvironmentalMeadowcraft, IncMeadowcraft, Inc..

[email protected]@meadowcraft.com

Page 2: Spray Finishing Materials

Spray application of flammable and Spray application of flammable and combustible liquids presents a fire and combustible liquids presents a fire and explosion hazard that requires specific explosion hazard that requires specific controls. Flammable and even combustible controls. Flammable and even combustible liquids are readily ignited when suspended liquids are readily ignited when suspended in the air as a fine mist and suspended in the air as a fine mist and suspended powder particles and dust can be powder particles and dust can be explosive. Overspray residue is often explosive. Overspray residue is often combustible, thus presenting a fire hazard combustible, thus presenting a fire hazard both during the spray application and also both during the spray application and also after the spray application is complete.after the spray application is complete.

The National Fire Protection Association The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Code #33, “(NFPA) Code #33, “Spray Application Spray Application Using Flammable and Combustible Using Flammable and Combustible Materials” Materials” is the nationwide governing is the nationwide governing code in this process.code in this process.

Page 3: Spray Finishing Materials

APPLICABLE APPLICABLE DEFINITIONSDEFINITIONS

(1) (1) Aerated solid powders. Aerated powders Aerated solid powders. Aerated powders are any powdered material that is used as a are any powdered material that is used as a coating material and shall be fluidized coating material and shall be fluidized within a container by passing air uniformly within a container by passing air uniformly from below (Similar to the operation of from below (Similar to the operation of quicksand). It is common practice to quicksand). It is common practice to fluidize such materials to form a fluidized fluidize such materials to form a fluidized powder bed and then dip the part to be powder bed and then dip the part to be coated into the bed in a manner similar to coated into the bed in a manner similar to liquid dipping. Such beds are also used as liquid dipping. Such beds are also used as sources for powder spray operations. sources for powder spray operations.

Page 4: Spray Finishing Materials

(2) Spraying area. Any area in which dangerous (2) Spraying area. Any area in which dangerous quantities of flammable vapors or mists, or quantities of flammable vapors or mists, or combustible residues, dusts, or deposits are combustible residues, dusts, or deposits are present due to the operation of spraying present due to the operation of spraying processes.processes.

(3) Spray booth. A power-ventilated structure (3) Spray booth. A power-ventilated structure provided to enclose or accommodate a spraying provided to enclose or accommodate a spraying operation to confine and limit the escape of operation to confine and limit the escape of spray, vapor, and residue, and to safely conduct spray, vapor, and residue, and to safely conduct or direct them to an exhaust system.or direct them to an exhaust system.

(4) Waterwash spray booth. A spray booth (4) Waterwash spray booth. A spray booth equipped with a water washing system designed equipped with a water washing system designed to minimize dusts or residues entering exhaust to minimize dusts or residues entering exhaust ducts and to permit the recovery of overspray ducts and to permit the recovery of overspray finishing material. finishing material.

Page 5: Spray Finishing Materials

(5) Dry spray booth. A spray booth not (5) Dry spray booth. A spray booth not equipped with a water washing system as equipped with a water washing system as described above. A dry spray both may be described above. A dry spray both may be equipped with: (i) distri-equipped with: (i) distri-

bution or baffle plates to promote an bution or baffle plates to promote an even flow of air through the booth or even flow of air through the booth or cause the deposit of overspray before it cause the deposit of overspray before it enters the exhaust duct; or (ii) overspray enters the exhaust duct; or (ii) overspray dry filters to minimize dusts; or (iii) dry filters to minimize dusts; or (iii) overspray dry filter rolls designed to overspray dry filter rolls designed to minimize dusts or residues entering minimize dusts or residues entering exhaust ducts; or (iv) overspray dry filter exhaust ducts; or (iv) overspray dry filter rolls designed to minimize dusts or rolls designed to minimize dusts or residues entering exhaust ducts; or (v) residues entering exhaust ducts; or (v) where dry powders are being sprayed with where dry powders are being sprayed with powder collection systems so arranged in powder collection systems so arranged in the exhaust to capture oversprayed the exhaust to capture oversprayed material. material.

Page 6: Spray Finishing Materials

(6) Fluidized bed. A container holding (6) Fluidized bed. A container holding powder coating material which is aerated powder coating material which is aerated from below so as to form an air-supported from below so as to form an air-supported expanded cloud of such material through expanded cloud of such material through which the preheated object to be coated is which the preheated object to be coated is immersed and transported.immersed and transported.

(7) Electrostatic fluidized bed. A container (7) Electrostatic fluidized bed. A container holding powder coating material which is holding powder coating material which is aerated from below so as to form an air-aerated from below so as to form an air-supported expanded cloud of such material supported expanded cloud of such material which is electrically charged with a charge which is electrically charged with a charge opposite to the charge of the object to be opposite to the charge of the object to be coated; such object is transported through coated; such object is transported through the container immediately above the the container immediately above the charged and aerated materials in order to charged and aerated materials in order to be coated.be coated.

Page 7: Spray Finishing Materials

(8) Approved. Shall mean approve and (8) Approved. Shall mean approve and listed by a nationally recognized listed by a nationally recognized testing laboratory.testing laboratory.

(9) Listed. See “approved” in (9) Listed. See “approved” in 1910.107(a)(8).1910.107(a)(8).

Page 8: Spray Finishing Materials

POWDER PAINT SYSTEMPOWDER PAINT SYSTEM

Page 9: Spray Finishing Materials

SPRAY BOOTHSSPRAY BOOTHS LOCATIONLOCATION

Spray booths and all associated operations Spray booths and all associated operations such as paint mixing and setup areas such as paint mixing and setup areas should be in a designated location awayshould be in a designated location away from spark producing or open flame equip-from spark producing or open flame equip- ment such as welding, cutting, heat ment such as welding, cutting, heat treating or heaters.treating or heaters. Smoking should be strictly prohibited and Smoking should be strictly prohibited and signs prohibiting smoking should be signs prohibiting smoking should be

prominentlyprominently posted.posted. Flooring must be non-combustible and easy Flooring must be non-combustible and easy

toto clean.clean.

Page 10: Spray Finishing Materials

SPRAY BOOTHSSPRAY BOOTHSCONSTRUCTIONCONSTRUCTION

Spray booths should be constructed of 18Spray booths should be constructed of 18 gauge steel.gauge steel. All areas of the booth must be accessible forAll areas of the booth must be accessible for maintenance and cleaning. When necessary tomaintenance and cleaning. When necessary to facilitate cleaning, exhaust ducts shall be pro-facilitate cleaning, exhaust ducts shall be pro- vided with an ample number of access doors.vided with an ample number of access doors. Exhaust ducts should be run as direct asExhaust ducts should be run as direct as possible and should be well supported. A min-possible and should be well supported. A min- imum clearance of 18” is needed from the duct imum clearance of 18” is needed from the duct

to anyto any combustible roof or other construction. This combustible roof or other construction. This

distance may be reduced to as little as three distance may be reduced to as little as three inches if protected in inches if protected in

accordance with NFPA #33.accordance with NFPA #33.

Page 11: Spray Finishing Materials

SPRAY EQUIPMENTSPRAY EQUIPMENT

All spray equipment, mixers, pumps, etc.All spray equipment, mixers, pumps, etc.

should be specifically designed and manu-should be specifically designed and manu-

factured for flammable spray factured for flammable spray applications.applications.

All spray equipment should be interlocked All spray equipment should be interlocked

with the booth system so that the equip-with the booth system so that the equip-

ment will not operate unless the ment will not operate unless the ventilationventilation

system is working. system is working.

Page 12: Spray Finishing Materials

VENTILATION VENTILATION

The exhaust ventilation system must pro-The exhaust ventilation system must pro- vide a minimum airflow of 100 linear feet vide a minimum airflow of 100 linear feet per minute across all both openings per minute across all both openings

except except for electrostatic spraying operations for electrostatic spraying operations

wherewhere the minimum air flow may be 60 linear the minimum air flow may be 60 linear feet per minute or more, depending on feet per minute or more, depending on

the the volume of the finishing material being volume of the finishing material being applied and its flammability and explosionapplied and its flammability and explosion characteristics.characteristics.

Page 13: Spray Finishing Materials

VENTILATIONVENTILATION

Visible gauges or audible alarm or Visible gauges or audible alarm or pressurepressure

activated devices shall be installed to activated devices shall be installed to

indicate or insure that the required indicate or insure that the required air air

velocity is maintained. Filter rolls velocity is maintained. Filter rolls shall be shall be

inspected to insure proper inspected to insure proper replacement of replacement of

filter media.filter media.

Page 14: Spray Finishing Materials

VENTILATIONVENTILATION

The exhaust fan shall be solidly mounted The exhaust fan shall be solidly mounted

and secured, with non-sparking, non-and secured, with non-sparking, non-

ferrous blades. The fan electric motor ferrous blades. The fan electric motor mustmust

be located outside the duct and suitable be located outside the duct and suitable forfor

hazardous locations and fan belts may hazardous locations and fan belts may notnot

enter the duct unless the belt and pulleyenter the duct unless the belt and pulley

within the duct are completely enclosed. within the duct are completely enclosed.

Page 15: Spray Finishing Materials

VENTILATIONVENTILATION

The ventilation system must be The ventilation system must be equippedequipped

with some type of noncombustible filterwith some type of noncombustible filter system. Mesh filters are preferred over system. Mesh filters are preferred over

thethe baffle type, but must be periodically baffle type, but must be periodically replaced. Mesh filters cannot be used replaced. Mesh filters cannot be used

whenwhen applying a spray material that is highlyapplying a spray material that is highly susceptible to spontaneous heating andsusceptible to spontaneous heating and ignition.ignition.

Page 16: Spray Finishing Materials

VENTILATIONVENTILATION

Metal baffle type filters may also be used.Metal baffle type filters may also be used.

However, one of the safest and most effic-However, one of the safest and most effic-

ient filter systems is the water wash ient filter systems is the water wash system,system,

where the vapor laden air is drawn throughwhere the vapor laden air is drawn through

a recirculating water curtain which trapsa recirculating water curtain which traps

the overspray particles. The water must bethe overspray particles. The water must be

changed on a schedule established by thechanged on a schedule established by the

manufacturer.manufacturer.

Page 17: Spray Finishing Materials

ELECTRICALELECTRICAL

In general, there should be no electricalIn general, there should be no electrical equipment, switches, lights, etc. locatedequipment, switches, lights, etc. located inside a spray booth.inside a spray booth. Electrical wiring, lighting fixtures and Electrical wiring, lighting fixtures and equipment located in the spray booth mustequipment located in the spray booth must meet Class I, Division I specifications of meet Class I, Division I specifications of the National Electrical Code (NEC).the National Electrical Code (NEC). Lights may be located above the spray Lights may be located above the spray

booth,booth, behind a substantial glass panel, which is behind a substantial glass panel, which is

sealedsealed to prevent leakage of vapors or mists at to prevent leakage of vapors or mists at

the edge.the edge.

Page 18: Spray Finishing Materials

Example of a light fixture mounted outside Example of a light fixture mounted outside of the spray area and serviced from outside of the spray area and serviced from outside the spray area. From NFPA 33.the spray area. From NFPA 33.

Page 19: Spray Finishing Materials

A second method of mounting light fixtures is acceptable.A second method of mounting light fixtures is acceptable.

Examples of light fixtures that are an integral part of the spray area and are serviced from inside the spray area. NFPA 33

Page 20: Spray Finishing Materials

ELECTRICALELECTRICAL

All metal parts of the spray booth, duct,All metal parts of the spray booth, duct, etc., must be properly electricallyetc., must be properly electrically grounded in an effective and permanentgrounded in an effective and permanent manner.manner. Electrical features located outside, butElectrical features located outside, but immediately adjacent to the spray boothimmediately adjacent to the spray booth must meet the following provision:must meet the following provision: (1) If the ventilation system is interlocked with (1) If the ventilation system is interlocked with the spray equipment, areas 5 feet horizontallythe spray equipment, areas 5 feet horizontally and 3 feet vertically from all openings shall and 3 feet vertically from all openings shall meet Class I, Division 2 specifications of the NEC.meet Class I, Division 2 specifications of the NEC. (2) If the ventilation system is not interlocked with (2) If the ventilation system is not interlocked with

sprayspray equipment , areas 10 feet horizontally and 3 feet equipment , areas 10 feet horizontally and 3 feet

vertically fromvertically from all openings shall meet Class I, Division 2 NEC all openings shall meet Class I, Division 2 NEC

specifications. specifications.

Page 21: Spray Finishing Materials

FIRE PROTECTIONFIRE PROTECTION

All spraying operations utilizing All spraying operations utilizing flammableflammable

or combustible materials must be pro-or combustible materials must be pro-

tected by an automatic sprinkler tected by an automatic sprinkler systemsystem

installed in the booth, behind the installed in the booth, behind the filters,filters,

and in the exhaust duct. Installationand in the exhaust duct. Installation

should conform to NFPA Code #13.should conform to NFPA Code #13.

Page 22: Spray Finishing Materials

Typical Sprinkler ArrangementTypical Sprinkler ArrangementFrom “From “TECH Bulletin: Spray Booths”, TECH Bulletin: Spray Booths”, Frankenmuth InsuranceFrankenmuth Insurance

Page 23: Spray Finishing Materials

FIRE PROTECTIONFIRE PROTECTION

Sprinkler head coverage should not exceedSprinkler head coverage should not exceed 90 square feet per head, with a water supply90 square feet per head, with a water supply delivered at a pressure of 25 psi. The delivered at a pressure of 25 psi. The water supply to the sprinkler heads shouldwater supply to the sprinkler heads should have a separate control valve.have a separate control valve. Sprinkler heads should be covered with a Sprinkler heads should be covered with a protective covering of lightweight protective covering of lightweight

cellophane,cellophane, polyethylene or paper bags to prevent the polyethylene or paper bags to prevent the

accum-accum- ulation of overspray which would affect the ulation of overspray which would affect the operation of the sprinkler head.operation of the sprinkler head.

Page 24: Spray Finishing Materials

FIRE PROTECTIONFIRE PROTECTION

Where there is no water Where there is no water available, dryavailable, dry

chemical, COchemical, CO22, and other , and other extinguishingextinguishing

systems are acceptable if systems are acceptable if installed to code.installed to code.

Page 25: Spray Finishing Materials

CONVEYORSCONVEYORS

Where conveyors are arranged to Where conveyors are arranged to carry work into or out of spray carry work into or out of spray booths, the openings booths, the openings

shall be as small as practical.shall be as small as practical.

Page 26: Spray Finishing Materials

STORAGE AND HANDLING OF STORAGE AND HANDLING OF FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDSLIQUIDS

CONFORMNCECONFORMNCE

The storage of flammable or The storage of flammable or combustible combustible

liquids in connection with spraying liquids in connection with spraying opera-opera-

tions shall conform to the tions shall conform to the requirements ofrequirements of

1910.106 where practical.1910.106 where practical.

Page 27: Spray Finishing Materials

STORAGE AND HANDLING OF STORAGE AND HANDLING OF FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDSLIQUIDS

QUANTITY STOREDQUANTITY STORED

The quantity of flammable or The quantity of flammable or combustible combustible

liquids allowed to be stored in the liquids allowed to be stored in the vicinity vicinity

of a spraying operation shall be the min-of a spraying operation shall be the min- imum required for operations and imum required for operations and

shouldshould not exceed a supply for 1 day or one not exceed a supply for 1 day or one

shift.shift.

Page 28: Spray Finishing Materials

STORAGE AND HANDLING OF STORAGE AND HANDLING OF FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDSLIQUIDS

Bulk storage of portable containers ofBulk storage of portable containers of

flammable or combustible liquids flammable or combustible liquids shall beshall be

in a separate, constructed building in a separate, constructed building de-de-

tached from other important tached from other important buildings orbuildings or

cut off in a standard manner.cut off in a standard manner.

Page 29: Spray Finishing Materials

STORAGE AND HANDLING OF FLAMMABLE STORAGE AND HANDLING OF FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDSAND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS

CONTAINERSCONTAINERS

Original closed containers, approved port-Original closed containers, approved port-

able tanks, approved safety cans or aable tanks, approved safety cans or a

properly arranged system of piping shall beproperly arranged system of piping shall be

used for bringing flammable or combus-used for bringing flammable or combus-

tible liquids into a spray finishing room. Notible liquids into a spray finishing room. No

open or glass containers shall be used. open or glass containers shall be used.

Page 30: Spray Finishing Materials

STORAGE AND HANDLING OF STORAGE AND HANDLING OF FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDSLIQUIDS

TRANSFERRING LIQUIDSTRANSFERRING LIQUIDS Withdrawal of liquids from containers ofWithdrawal of liquids from containers of greater than 60 gallons must be by greater than 60 gallons must be by approved pump.approved pump. Withdrawal or transfer of flammable Withdrawal or transfer of flammable

liquidsliquids from containers and the filling of con- from containers and the filling of con- tainers shall be done only in a suitable tainers shall be done only in a suitable mixing room or in a spraying area when mixing room or in a spraying area when

the ven-the ven- tilation system is in operation.tilation system is in operation.

Page 31: Spray Finishing Materials

STORAGE AND HANDLING OF STORAGE AND HANDLING OF FLAMMABLE AND FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDSCOMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS

Adequate precautions shall be Adequate precautions shall be taken to taken to

protect against liquid spillage protect against liquid spillage and sourcesand sources

of ignition.of ignition.

Page 32: Spray Finishing Materials

STORAGE AND HANDLING OF STORAGE AND HANDLING OF FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDSLIQUIDS

SPRAYING CONTAINERS SUPPLYING SPRAYING CONTAINERS SUPPLYING SPRAY NOZZLES:SPRAY NOZZLES:

Shall be of closed type or provided Shall be of closed type or provided with metal covers kept closed.with metal covers kept closed.

Shall either rest on floor, be on Shall either rest on floor, be on metal metal

supports or suspended by wire supports or suspended by wire cables. cables.

Page 33: Spray Finishing Materials

STORAGE AND HANDLING OF FLAMMABLE STORAGE AND HANDLING OF FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDSAND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS

SPRAYING CONTAINERS SUPPLYING SPRAYING CONTAINERS SUPPLYING SPRAY NOZZLES: SPRAY NOZZLES:

Shall not exceed 10 gallons capacity ifShall not exceed 10 gallons capacity if feeding nozzles by gravity flow.feeding nozzles by gravity flow. Original shipping containers shall not beOriginal shipping containers shall not be subject to air pressure for supplying spray subject to air pressure for supplying spray nozzles. (DON’T PRESSURIZE SHIPPING nozzles. (DON’T PRESSURIZE SHIPPING CONTAINER).CONTAINER).

Page 34: Spray Finishing Materials

STORAGE AND HANDLING OF FLAMMABLE STORAGE AND HANDLING OF FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDSAND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS

SPRAYING CONTAINERS SUPPLYING SPRAYING CONTAINERS SUPPLYING SPRAY NOZZLES: SPRAY NOZZLES:

Containers under air pressure shall be ofContainers under air pressure shall be of limited capacity and shall not exceed thatlimited capacity and shall not exceed that necessary for 1 day’s operation, shall benecessary for 1 day’s operation, shall be designed and approved for such use, shalldesigned and approved for such use, shall be provided with a visible pressure gage be provided with a visible pressure gage

andand shall be provided with a relief valve.shall be provided with a relief valve.

Page 35: Spray Finishing Materials

STORAGE AND HANDLING OF FLAMMABLE STORAGE AND HANDLING OF FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDSAND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS

SPRAYING CONTAINERS SUPPLYING SPRAYING CONTAINERS SUPPLYING SPRAY NOZZLES: SPRAY NOZZLES:

Containers under air pressure supplyingContainers under air pressure supplying spray nozzles, air-storage tanks andspray nozzles, air-storage tanks and coolers must conform to the standards ofcoolers must conform to the standards of The Code for Unfired Pressure Vessels, The Code for Unfired Pressure Vessels, Section VIII of the ASME Boiler and Section VIII of the ASME Boiler and

PressurePressure Vessel Code – 1968 for construction, Vessel Code – 1968 for construction,

tests andtests and maintenance.maintenance.

Page 36: Spray Finishing Materials

OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCEOPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE

Spraying – Spraying shall not be conductedSpraying – Spraying shall not be conducted outside of predetermined spraying areas.outside of predetermined spraying areas.

Cleaning – All spraying areas shall be keptCleaning – All spraying areas shall be kept as free from the accumulation of depositsas free from the accumulation of deposits of combustible residues as practical, withof combustible residues as practical, with cleaning conducted daily if necessary. cleaning conducted daily if necessary. Scrapers, spuds, or other such tools used Scrapers, spuds, or other such tools used for cleaning must be made of nonsparkingfor cleaning must be made of nonsparking material.material.

Page 37: Spray Finishing Materials

OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCEOPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE

Residue Disposal – Residue scrapings andResidue Disposal – Residue scrapings and other debris contaminated with residueother debris contaminated with residue shall be immediately removed from theshall be immediately removed from the premises and properly disposed of. premises and properly disposed of. Approved metal waste cans shall be pro-Approved metal waste cans shall be pro- vided wherever rags or waste are impreg-vided wherever rags or waste are impreg- nated with finishing material and all ragsnated with finishing material and all rags or wastes deposited in the cans after use.or wastes deposited in the cans after use. The contents of the waste cans shall be The contents of the waste cans shall be

properlyproperly disposed of at least once daily or at the disposed of at least once daily or at the

end ofend of each shift.each shift.

Page 38: Spray Finishing Materials

OPERATIONS AND OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCEMAINTENANCE

Clothing Storage – Spray Clothing Storage – Spray finishing em-finishing em-

ployees’ clothing shall not be ployees’ clothing shall not be left on theleft on the

premises overnight unless premises overnight unless kept in metalkept in metal

lockers.lockers.

Page 39: Spray Finishing Materials

OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCEOPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE

Cleaning Solvents – Use of solvents forCleaning Solvents – Use of solvents for

cleaning operations is restricted to thosecleaning operations is restricted to those

having flashpoints of not less than 100having flashpoints of not less than 100oo F. F.

For cleaning spray nozzles and auxiliaryFor cleaning spray nozzles and auxiliary

equipment, solvents having flashpoints equipment, solvents having flashpoints

not less than those normally used in spraynot less than those normally used in spray

operations may be used. Cleaning shall operations may be used. Cleaning shall

be done in spray booths with the venti-be done in spray booths with the venti-

lation equipment running during cleaning.lation equipment running during cleaning.

Page 40: Spray Finishing Materials

OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCEOPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE

Hazardous Materials Combinations – Hazardous Materials Combinations –

Spray booths shall not be alternately usedSpray booths shall not be alternately used

for different types of coating materialsfor different types of coating materials

where the combination of materials may bewhere the combination of materials may be

conducive to spontaneous ignition, unlessconducive to spontaneous ignition, unless

all deposits of the first material used are all deposits of the first material used are

removed from the booth and exhaust ductsremoved from the booth and exhaust ducts

prior to spraying with the second material.prior to spraying with the second material.

Page 41: Spray Finishing Materials

OPERATIONS AND OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCEMAINTENANCE

“ “No Smoking” signs in large No Smoking” signs in large letters on letters on

contrasting color contrasting color background shall bebackground shall be

conspicuously posted at all conspicuously posted at all sprayingspraying

areas and paint storage areas and paint storage rooms.rooms.

Page 42: Spray Finishing Materials

FIXED ELECTROSTATIC APPARATUSFIXED ELECTROSTATIC APPARATUS

CONFORMANCECONFORMANCE

Installation and use shall conform Installation and use shall conform to allto all

requirements of 1910.107 and to requirements of 1910.107 and to the specialthe special

requirements for fixed requirements for fixed electrostaticelectrostatic

apparatus.apparatus.

Page 43: Spray Finishing Materials

FIXED ELECTROSTATIC APPARATUSFIXED ELECTROSTATIC APPARATUS

Electrostatic apparatus and devices mustElectrostatic apparatus and devices must be of approved types.be of approved types.

Transformers, power packs, control Transformers, power packs, control apparatus, and all other electrical portionsapparatus, and all other electrical portions of the equipment, with the exception of of the equipment, with the exception of high-voltage grids, electrodes, and high-voltage grids, electrodes, and

electro-electro- static atomizing heads and their connec-static atomizing heads and their connec- tions shall either be located outside the tions shall either be located outside the

spraying spraying area or conform to the electrical area or conform to the electrical

requirements ofrequirements of paragraph (c).paragraph (c).

Page 44: Spray Finishing Materials

FIXED ELECTROSTATIC APPARATUSFIXED ELECTROSTATIC APPARATUS

Electrodes and electrostatic atomizingElectrodes and electrostatic atomizing heads must be adequately supported inheads must be adequately supported in permanent locations and effectively in-permanent locations and effectively in- sulated from the ground. Insulators sulated from the ground. Insulators

mustmust nonporous and noncombustible.nonporous and noncombustible.

High-voltage leads to electrodes must High-voltage leads to electrodes must bebe

properly insulated and protected fromproperly insulated and protected from mechanical injury or exposure to mechanical injury or exposure to

destructivedestructive chemicals.chemicals.

Page 45: Spray Finishing Materials

FIXED ELECTROSTATIC APPARATUSFIXED ELECTROSTATIC APPARATUS

A safe distance must be maintained A safe distance must be maintained be-be-

tween goods being painted and tween goods being painted and electrodeselectrodes

or electrostatic atomizing heads or or electrostatic atomizing heads or con-con-

ductors of at east ductors of at east twicetwice the sparking the sparking dis-dis-

tance. A sign shall be posted tance. A sign shall be posted indicatingindicating

safe distnce.safe distnce.

Page 46: Spray Finishing Materials

FIXED ELECTROSTATIC APPARATUSFIXED ELECTROSTATIC APPARATUS

Goods being painted using this Goods being painted using this processprocess

must be transported by conveyor must be transported by conveyor and aand a

safe distance must be maintained safe distance must be maintained be-be-

the goods and the electrodes or the goods and the electrodes or atomizingatomizing

heads.heads.

Page 47: Spray Finishing Materials

FIXED ELECTROSTATIC FIXED ELECTROSTATIC APPARATUSAPPARATUS

PROHIBITEDPROHIBITED: This process is not : This process is not accep-accep-

table where goods being coated table where goods being coated are manip-are manip-

ulated by hand.ulated by hand.

Page 48: Spray Finishing Materials

FIXED ELECTROSTATIC APPARATUSFIXED ELECTROSTATIC APPARATUS

Electrostatic apparatus shall be Electrostatic apparatus shall be equippedequipped

with automatic controls that will with automatic controls that will operate operate

without time delay to disconnect the without time delay to disconnect the powerpower

supply to the high voltage supply to the high voltage transformer andtransformer and

to signal the operator for any of the to signal the operator for any of the

following conditions: following conditions:

Page 49: Spray Finishing Materials

Failure of ventilating equipment for anyFailure of ventilating equipment for any cause.cause.

Stoppage of the conveyor carrying goodsStoppage of the conveyor carrying goods through the high voltage field.through the high voltage field.

Occurrence of a ground or of an Occurrence of a ground or of an imminentimminent

ground at any point on the high voltageground at any point on the high voltage system.system.

Reduction of the safe distance to below Reduction of the safe distance to below thatthat

specified.specified.

Page 50: Spray Finishing Materials

FIXED ELECTROSTATIC APPARATUSFIXED ELECTROSTATIC APPARATUS

GUARDINGGUARDING

Equipment must be guarded by Equipment must be guarded by adequatelyadequately

grounded conductive material. grounded conductive material. Guarding mustGuarding must

effectively isolate the process from effectively isolate the process from plantplant

storage or personnel.storage or personnel.

Page 51: Spray Finishing Materials

FIXED ELECTROSTATIC APPARATUSFIXED ELECTROSTATIC APPARATUS

Ventilation. The ventilation system mustVentilation. The ventilation system must

insure safe conditions from a fire andinsure safe conditions from a fire and

health standpoint.health standpoint.

Fire Protection. All areas used for spraying,Fire Protection. All areas used for spraying,

including the interior of the booth must beincluding the interior of the booth must be

protected by automatic sprinklers or otherprotected by automatic sprinklers or other

approved automatic extinguishing approved automatic extinguishing equipment.equipment.

Page 52: Spray Finishing Materials

ELECTROSTATIC HAND SPRAYINGELECTROSTATIC HAND SPRAYING

EQUIPMENTEQUIPMENT

This includes any equipment using electro-This includes any equipment using electro-

statically charged elements for the statically charged elements for the atomizationatomization

and/or precipitation of materials for and/or precipitation of materials for coatingscoatings

on articles or for other similar purposes in on articles or for other similar purposes in

which the atomizing device is hand held andwhich the atomizing device is hand held and

manipulated during the spraying operation. manipulated during the spraying operation.

Page 53: Spray Finishing Materials

ELECTROSTATIC HAND ELECTROSTATIC HAND SPRAYINGSPRAYING

EQUIPMENTEQUIPMENT

CONFORMANCECONFORMANCE

Electrostatic hand spraying Electrostatic hand spraying equipment mustequipment must

conform to all provisions of the conform to all provisions of the standard.standard.

Page 54: Spray Finishing Materials

ELECTROSTATIC HAND SPRAYINGELECTROSTATIC HAND SPRAYING

EQUIPMENTEQUIPMENT

Equipment Approval And Specifications:Equipment Approval And Specifications:

Equipment must b of approved types.Equipment must b of approved types. High voltage circuits must not produce High voltage circuits must not produce

aa

spark of sufficient intensity to ignite anyspark of sufficient intensity to ignite any

vapor-air mixtures or result in an vapor-air mixtures or result in an

appreciable shock if coming in ground appreciable shock if coming in ground con-con-

tact.tact.

Page 55: Spray Finishing Materials

ELECTROSTATIC HAND SPRAYINGELECTROSTATIC HAND SPRAYING

EQUIPMENTEQUIPMENT

Equipment Approval And Specifications:Equipment Approval And Specifications:

The electrostatically charged exposed The electrostatically charged exposed ele-ele-

ments of the handgun shall be ments of the handgun shall be capable of capable of

being energized only by a switch that being energized only by a switch that alsoalso

controls the coating material supply.controls the coating material supply.

Page 56: Spray Finishing Materials

ELECTROSTATIC HAND SPRAYINGELECTROSTATIC HAND SPRAYINGEQUIPMENTEQUIPMENT

Electrical Support Equipment:Electrical Support Equipment:

All electrical equipment with the All electrical equipment with the exceptionexception

of the handgun and its connections to of the handgun and its connections to the the

power supply shall be located outside power supply shall be located outside thethe

spraying area or be in compliance withspraying area or be in compliance with paragraph (c) of this standard.paragraph (c) of this standard.

Page 57: Spray Finishing Materials

ELECTROSTATIC HAND SPRAYINGELECTROSTATIC HAND SPRAYING

EQUIPMENTEQUIPMENT

GroundingGrounding

All electrically conductive objects in theAll electrically conductive objects in the

spraying area must be grounded. spraying area must be grounded.

Warnings regarding the necessity of Warnings regarding the necessity of

grounding must be permanently affixed grounding must be permanently affixed to to

the equipment.the equipment.

Page 58: Spray Finishing Materials

ELECTROSTATIC HAND SPRAYINGELECTROSTATIC HAND SPRAYINGEQUIPMENTEQUIPMENT

Maintenance of GroundsMaintenance of Grounds

Objects being painted or coated must Objects being painted or coated must bebe

maintained in metallic contact with maintained in metallic contact with thethe

conveyor or other grounded support.conveyor or other grounded support.

Hooks shall have Hooks shall have knifeknife edges where edges where possible.possible.

Page 59: Spray Finishing Materials

ELECTROSTATIC HAND SPRAYINGELECTROSTATIC HAND SPRAYINGEQUIPMENTEQUIPMENT

InterlocksInterlocks

The electrical equipment is to be The electrical equipment is to be inter-inter-

locked with the ventilation of the locked with the ventilation of the sprayingspraying

area so that the equipment cannot be area so that the equipment cannot be operated unless the ventilation fans operated unless the ventilation fans

are inare in operation. operation.

Page 60: Spray Finishing Materials

ELECTROSTATIC HAND SPRAYINGELECTROSTATIC HAND SPRAYING

EQUIPMENTEQUIPMENT

VentilationVentilation

The spraying operation shall take The spraying operation shall take place place

within an adequately ventilated within an adequately ventilated sprayingspraying

area.area.

Page 61: Spray Finishing Materials

DRYING, CURING, OR FUSION DRYING, CURING, OR FUSION APPARATUSAPPARATUS

Conformance:Conformance:

Drying, curing, or fusion apparatus used Drying, curing, or fusion apparatus used inin

conjunction with the spray application ofconjunction with the spray application offlammable or combustible finishes must flammable or combustible finishes must

con-con-form to the Standard for Ovens and form to the Standard for Ovens and

Furnaces,Furnaces,NFPA 86A-1969, which is incorporated byNFPA 86A-1969, which is incorporated byreference into OSHA standards.reference into OSHA standards.

Page 62: Spray Finishing Materials

DRYING, CURING, OR FUSION APPARATUSDRYING, CURING, OR FUSION APPARATUS

Prohibition of Alternate UseProhibition of Alternate Use

Spray booths, rooms, or other enclosures Spray booths, rooms, or other enclosures usedused

for spraying shall not be alternately used for for spraying shall not be alternately used for the purpose of drying by any arrangement the purpose of drying by any arrangement

thatthatwill cause a material increase in the surfacewill cause a material increase in the surfacetemperature of the spray booth, room or en-temperature of the spray booth, room or en-closure.closure.

Page 63: Spray Finishing Materials

DRYING, CURING, OR FUSION DRYING, CURING, OR FUSION APPARATUSAPPARATUS

Adjacent Systems InterlockedAdjacent Systems Interlocked

Drying, curing, or fusion systems utilizing Drying, curing, or fusion systems utilizing anan

open flame heating system or one that may open flame heating system or one that may

produce sparks may be installed adjacent produce sparks may be installed adjacent to ato a

spraying area when equipped with an spraying area when equipped with an inter-inter-

locked ventilation system that can:locked ventilation system that can:

Page 64: Spray Finishing Materials

DRYING, CURING, OR FUSION DRYING, CURING, OR FUSION APPARATUSAPPARATUS

Thoroughly ventilate the drying space Thoroughly ventilate the drying space before the heating system can be before the heating system can be

started.started. Maintain a safe atmosphere at any Maintain a safe atmosphere at any

sourcesource of ignition.of ignition. Automatically shut down the heating Automatically shut down the heating system in the event of failure of the system in the event of failure of the

venti-venti- ating system.ating system.

Page 65: Spray Finishing Materials

DRYING, CURING, OR FUSION DRYING, CURING, OR FUSION APPARATUSAPPARATUS

Permitted Alternate UsePermitted Alternate Use

Automobile refinishing spray booths that Automobile refinishing spray booths that areare

otherwise in full conformity with this otherwise in full conformity with this standardstandard

may be alternately used for drying with may be alternately used for drying with port-port-

able infrared drying apparatus under the able infrared drying apparatus under the

following conditions:following conditions:

Page 66: Spray Finishing Materials

DRYING, CURING, OR FUSION DRYING, CURING, OR FUSION APPARATUSAPPARATUS

Interiors of spray areas must be kept Interiors of spray areas must be kept freefree

of overspray deposits.of overspray deposits. During spraying operations, the dryingDuring spraying operations, the drying apparatus and electrical connections forapparatus and electrical connections for wiring cannot be located in the spray wiring cannot be located in the spray

en-en- closure or in any other location where closure or in any other location where

sprayspray residues may be deposited on the dryingresidues may be deposited on the drying apparatus or electrical connections.apparatus or electrical connections.

Page 67: Spray Finishing Materials

DRYING, CURING, OR FUSION DRYING, CURING, OR FUSION APPARATUSAPPARATUS

The spraying and drying apparatus The spraying and drying apparatus and theand the

ventilation system of the spray ventilation system of the spray enclosureenclosure

must be equipped with suitable must be equipped with suitable interlocksinterlocks

so that:so that: 1. 1. The spraying apparatus can’t be The spraying apparatus can’t be

operated while the drying operated while the drying apparatus is in the spray enclosure.apparatus is in the spray enclosure.

Page 68: Spray Finishing Materials

DRYING, CURING, OR FUSION APPARATUSDRYING, CURING, OR FUSION APPARATUS

2. The spray enclosure will be purged 2. The spray enclosure will be purged ofof

spray vapors for a period of not less spray vapors for a period of not less

than 3 minutes before the dryingthan 3 minutes before the drying

apparatus can be energized.apparatus can be energized.

3. The ventilating system will maintain 3. The ventilating system will maintain aa

safe atmosphere within the safe atmosphere within the enclosureenclosure

Page 69: Spray Finishing Materials

during the drying process during the drying process and the and the

drying apparatus will drying apparatus will automaticallyautomatically

shut off in the event of shut off in the event of the failure of the failure of

the ventilating system.the ventilating system.

Page 70: Spray Finishing Materials

DRYING, CURING, OR FUSION APPARATUSDRYING, CURING, OR FUSION APPARATUS

All electrical wiring and equipment must con-All electrical wiring and equipment must con-

form to the requirements of Subpart S (Elec-form to the requirements of Subpart S (Elec-

trical). Only equipment approved for Class I,trical). Only equipment approved for Class I,

Division 2 hazardous locations can be locatedDivision 2 hazardous locations can be located

within 18 inches of the floor level. All metallic within 18 inches of the floor level. All metallic

parts shall be properly electrically bonded parts shall be properly electrically bonded andand

grounded.grounded.

Page 71: Spray Finishing Materials

DRYING, CURING, OR FUSION DRYING, CURING, OR FUSION APPARATUSAPPARATUS

The drying apparatus shall contain a The drying apparatus shall contain a prom-prom-

inently located, permanently attached inently located, permanently attached warningwarning

sign stating that ventilation should be sign stating that ventilation should be main-main-

tained during the drying period and that tained during the drying period and that

spraying should not be conducted so thatspraying should not be conducted so that

spray will deposit on apparatus.spray will deposit on apparatus.

Page 72: Spray Finishing Materials

Automobile Undercoating in GaragesAutomobile Undercoating in Garages

Automobile undercoating spray operations Automobile undercoating spray operations inin

garages that have adequate ventilation aregarages that have adequate ventilation are

exempt from the requirements pertaining exempt from the requirements pertaining toto

spray finishing operations when using spray finishing operations when using under-under-

coating materials not any more hazardous coating materials not any more hazardous

than kerosene or using only solvents than kerosene or using only solvents having ahaving a

flash point of greater than 100flash point of greater than 100oo..

Page 73: Spray Finishing Materials

POWDER COATINGPOWDER COATING

Electrical and other sources of ignition.Electrical and other sources of ignition.

Electrical equipment and other sources ofElectrical equipment and other sources of

ignition must conform to both this sectionignition must conform to both this section

and to Subpart S.and to Subpart S.

Exhaust ventilation must be sufficient toExhaust ventilation must be sufficient to

maintain the atmosphere below the lowestmaintain the atmosphere below the lowest

explosive limits for the materials beingexplosive limits for the materials being

applied.applied.

Page 74: Spray Finishing Materials

POWDER COATINGPOWDER COATING

All nondeposited air-suspended All nondeposited air-suspended powderspowders

must be safely removed by exhaust must be safely removed by exhaust ductsducts

to the powder recovery cyclone or re-to the powder recovery cyclone or re-

ceptacle.ceptacle.

Powders shall not b released to the Powders shall not b released to the out-out-

side atmosphere.side atmosphere.

Page 75: Spray Finishing Materials

POWDER COATINGPOWDER COATING

The provisions of the Standard for ovensThe provisions of the Standard for ovens and furnaces, NFPA No. 86A-1969 shalland furnaces, NFPA No. 86A-1969 shall apply to drying, curing, or fusion apply to drying, curing, or fusion

quipmnt.quipmnt.

All areas shall be kept free of accumu-All areas shall be kept free of accumu- lations of powder coating dusts.lations of powder coating dusts.

Surfaces shall be cleaned in a manner to Surfaces shall be cleaned in a manner to avoidavoid

scattering dusts or creating dust clouds.scattering dusts or creating dust clouds.

Page 76: Spray Finishing Materials

POWDER COATINGPOWDER COATING

“ “No Smoking” signs in large No Smoking” signs in large areas on con-areas on con-

trasting color backgrounds trasting color backgrounds shall be shall be

conspicuously posted at all conspicuously posted at all powder coatingpowder coating

areas and powder storage areas and powder storage rooms.rooms.

Page 77: Spray Finishing Materials

POWDER COATINGPOWDER COATING

Fixed Electrostatic Spraying Fixed Electrostatic Spraying EquipmentEquipment

Shall conform to requirements Shall conform to requirements of paragraphof paragraph

(h) and Subpart S.(h) and Subpart S.

Page 78: Spray Finishing Materials

POWDER COATINGPOWDER COATING

Electrostatic Hand Spraying Electrostatic Hand Spraying EquipmentEquipment

Shall conform to the Shall conform to the requirements ofrequirements of

paragraph (i) and Subpart S.paragraph (i) and Subpart S.

Page 79: Spray Finishing Materials

POWDER COATINGPOWDER COATING

Electrostatic Fluidized BedsElectrostatic Fluidized Beds

Shall be of approved typs.Shall be of approved typs. Maximum surface temperature of this eq-Maximum surface temperature of this eq-

ment in the coating area must not exceedment in the coating area must not exceed

150150oo F. F. High voltage circuits may not produce aHigh voltage circuits may not produce a

spark of sufficient intensity to ignite anyspark of sufficient intensity to ignite any

powder-air mixtures.powder-air mixtures.

Page 80: Spray Finishing Materials

POWDER COATINGPOWDER COATING

All electrical portions of the equipmentAll electrical portions of the equipment with the exception of the charging elec-with the exception of the charging elec- trodes and their power supply trodes and their power supply

connectionsconnections shall be located outside of the powdershall be located outside of the powder coating area.coating area.

All electrically conductive objects withinAll electrically conductive objects within the charging influence of the electrodesthe charging influence of the electrodes shall be adequately grounded. Warning shall be adequately grounded. Warning

signssigns shall be displayed.shall be displayed.

Page 81: Spray Finishing Materials

POWDER COATINGPOWDER COATING

Objects being coated must be in Objects being coated must be in contactcontact

with the conveyor or other support to with the conveyor or other support to in-in-

sure proper grounding. Hangers shall sure proper grounding. Hangers shall bebe

regularly cleaned to insure effective regularly cleaned to insure effective con-con-

tact and areas of contact shall be tact and areas of contact shall be sharpsharp

points or knife edges where possible.points or knife edges where possible.

Page 82: Spray Finishing Materials

POWDER COATINGPOWDER COATING

The electrical system shall be The electrical system shall be interlockedinterlocked

with the ventilation system so with the ventilation system so that thethat the

equipment cannot be operated equipment cannot be operated unless theunless the

ventilation fans are in ventilation fans are in operation.operation.

Page 83: Spray Finishing Materials

ORGANIC PEROXIDES AND DUALORGANIC PEROXIDES AND DUAL

COMPONENT COATINGCOMPONENT COATING

All spraying operations involving the All spraying operations involving the use ofuse of

organic peroxides and other dual organic peroxides and other dual com-com-

ponent coatings shall be conducted inponent coatings shall be conducted in

approved sprinklered spray booths approved sprinklered spray booths thatthat

meet the requirements of this meet the requirements of this section.section.

Page 84: Spray Finishing Materials

ORGANIC PEROXIDES AND DUALORGANIC PEROXIDES AND DUALCOMPONENT COATINGCOMPONENT COATING

Smoking shall be prohibited and “NoSmoking shall be prohibited and “No Smoking” signs shall be prominently Smoking” signs shall be prominently

dis-dis- played.played.

Only nonsparking tools shall be used Only nonsparking tools shall be used inin

any area where orgaic peroxides are any area where orgaic peroxides are stored,stored,

mixed, or applied.mixed, or applied.

Page 85: Spray Finishing Materials

RFERENCESRFERENCES

(1) NFPA 33, Standard for Spray (1) NFPA 33, Standard for Spray Application Application

Using Flammable or Combustible Using Flammable or Combustible Materials, 2000 EditionMaterials, 2000 Edition

(2) TECH Bulletin: Spray Booths, (2) TECH Bulletin: Spray Booths,

Frankenmuth InsuranceFrankenmuth Insurance

(3) NFPA 86, Standard for Ovens and (3) NFPA 86, Standard for Ovens and

Furnaces, 2000 Edition (Update of Furnaces, 2000 Edition (Update of 86A-1969)86A-1969)