Jeff Armstrong - DAC International Division

Kott Group

Cold Climate Social Housing - a case study

• 2 million km2

• 26 communities

• 30,000 people

• Iqaluit - pop: 7,000

• No roads

• 2 million km2

• 26 communities

• 30,000 people

• Iqaluit - pop: 7,000

• No roads

Approximately 8,500 dwellings

80% are public, gov’t staff or rent subsidized housing

Nearly half of all houses are below Canadian housing standards

Current shortfall of 3,000 units

Average annual new-build - 200 units

Funding committed for 2012 - 2013 - $0.00

The scale of the housing problem...

Average house size - 93 sq. m.

Median number of people in a home is 6

Half of Nunavut’s homes are overcrowded or need serious repair.

4% of the population does not have a permanent home and bounce between homes often sleeping in shifts on couches, in kitchens, dining rooms or hallways

Tuberculosis rate 62 times the Canadian average

Highest birth rate & lowest life expectancy in Canada

Health and social impacts...

“There is a strong correlation between the state of housing in Nunavut and domestic violence, mental health problems, substance abuse, poor academic performance, respiratory ailments and the spread of infectious diseases”

Nunavut 10 year Inuit Housing Action Plan

".…the conditions in far too many Aboriginal communities can only be described as shameful. This offends our values. It is in our collective interest to turn the corner. And we must start now."

The Right Honourable Adrienne Clarkson - Speech from the Throne, February 2, 2004

The bottom line...

The Challenge

To provide a high performance building enclosure system that is easy to put up quickly in Northern conditions at a reasonable cost.

Nunavut Housing Corporation RFP - June 2009

Nunavut Housing Corporation RFP - June 2009

StructureThermal ControlVapour ControlAir Leakage Control

Nunavut Housing Corporation RFP - June 2009

StructureThermal ControlVapour ControlAir Leakage Control

Plywood skins

R - 50 Floor, R - 40 Walls, R - 50 Roof

Air leakage control without caulking or spray foam - 0.5 AC/h @ 50 Pa

Nunavut Housing Corporation RFP - June 2009

Structural insulated panels

Blower Door Testing

R-2000 - 1.5 ac/h@ 50 Pa

PassivHaus - 0.6

Nunavut Housing - 0.5

Plywood skins

R-50 Floor, R-40 Walls, R-50 Roof

Air leakage control without caulking or spray foam - 0.5 AC/h @ 50 Pa

Capable of being handled by hand or machine

Designed to meet highest wind and snow loads in Nunavut

“Closed Cell” foam (vapour control)

Thick enough to incorporate structural elements

Nunavut Housing Corporation RFP - June 2009

Structural insulated panels

Project TimelineReceived RFP - June 26 / 09

Tender closed in Iqaluit - July 17

Tender Award - August 6

D1 erected at Kott Yard - September 14 - 18

D1 erected in Morrisburg - September 21 - 26

Authorization to Proceed - October 30

D2 erected at Kott Yard - December 9 - January 10

Production Starts - January 4

Crates to Port - April 3 - July 15

Total Production: 15,336 panels; 1,420 crates

5 24 3 16

C B A

1 BUILDING SECTION 2 BUILDING SECTION

ASSEMBLY SCHEDULE3

ROOM FINISH SCHEDULE4

A4

BUILDING SECTIONS,ASSEMBLY &

FINISH SCHEDULES

PH. (867) 6690058

P.O. BOX 1525YELLOWKNIFE, N.W.T.

FAX.(778) 2850033

email: tjtech@shaw.caweb site: tjtechnical.ca

X1A 2P2

08220

3 BEDROOM SINGLEFAMILY DWELLING

AMARUK

Grade Insulated floorCrawlspace

5 24 3 16

C B A

1 BUILDING SECTION 2 BUILDING SECTION

ASSEMBLY SCHEDULE3

ROOM FINISH SCHEDULE4

A4

BUILDING SECTIONS,ASSEMBLY &

FINISH SCHEDULES

PH. (867) 6690058

P.O. BOX 1525YELLOWKNIFE, N.W.T.

FAX.(778) 2850033

email: tjtech@shaw.caweb site: tjtechnical.ca

X1A 2P2

08220

3 BEDROOM SINGLEFAMILY DWELLING

AMARUK

Grade Insulated floorCrawlspace

CONSTRUCTIONNORTH

A

B

C

2 653 41

CONSTRUCTIONNORTH

61

A1 A1

2 53 4

A2

FLOOR PLANSPH. (867) 6690058

P.O. BOX 1525YELLOWKNIFE, N.W.T.

FAX.(778) 2850033

email: tjtech@shaw.ca

T.J. TECHNICAL SERVICES

web site: tjtechnical.ca

X1A 2P2

08220

3 BEDROOM SINGLEFAMILY DWELLING

AMARUK

Solution

R-40 Walls (12”)R-50 Floor (14-5/8”)R-50 Roof (14-5/8”)

Critical month ACH (Natural) 4.43 0.50Critical month ACH (Total) 0.486 0.256

ANNUAL FUEL CONSUMPTION SUMMARYOil (Imp. Gal) 810.6 387.5Electricity (Mil. Btu) 8767.4 9092.5

ESTIMATED FUEL COSTS (Dollars)Oil 1614.4 834.3Electricity 909.5 941.2

Total 2523.9 1775.4ANNUAL SPACE HEATING SYSTEM PERFORMANCESpace Heating Load (Mil.BTU) 93.8 34.1Furnace Input (Mil.BTU) 111.0 40.7Pilot Light (Mil.BTU) 0.0 0.0Indoor Fans (Mil.BTU) 0.0 0.0Heat Pump Input (Mil.BTU) 0.0 0.0Total Input (Mil.BTU) 111.0 40.7System COP 9.8 7.5

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HOUSE DATACOMPARISON REPORT

HOT2000Natural Resources CANADA

Version 10.31

Nunavut-MNECCH Nunavut-SIP

AIR LEAKAGE AND VENTILATION SYSTEMSHouse Volume (ft3) 15931.0 15931.0

Envelope Surface Area (ft2) 3949.9 3949.9Natural Infiltration Rate (ACH) 0.285 0.032

Equivalent Leakage Area (in2) 115.7 13.1Central Ventilation Supply Rate (ACH) 0.040 0.270Central Ventilation Exhaust Rate (ACH) 0.040 0.270Other Supply Rate (ACH) 0.000 0.000Other Exhaust Rate (ACH) 0.000 0.000Seasonal HRV Efficiency (%) 59.0 57.7Gross Air and Vent. Energy (Mil.BTU) 44.5 32.1Vent. Elec. Load: Heating Hrs (Mil.BTU) 0.0 1.1Vent. Elec. Load: Non Htg Hrs (Mil.BTU) 0.0 0.0Net Air and Vent. Energy (Mil.BTU) 44.3 16.3

ANNUAL SPACE HEATING SUMMARYDesign Heat Loss (Watts) 39523 22648Gross Space Heat Loss (Mil.BTU) 129.5 63.3Sensible Occupancy Heat Gain (Mil. Btu/day) 2.40 2.40Usable Internal Gains (Mil.BTU) 27.0 24.8Usable Internal Gains Fraction (%) 20.9 39.1Usable Solar Gains (Mil.BTU) 8.7 4.4Usable Solar Gains Fraction (%) 6.7 7.0Vent. Electrical Contribution (Mil.BTU) 44.3 16.3Auxiliary Energy Required (Mil.BTU) 93.8 34.1SPACE + DHW ENERGY (Mil.BTU) 134.6 65.5R-2000 SPACE + DHW TARGET (Mil.BTU) 110.2 110.2

ENERGUIDE RATING (0 to 100) 76.2 86.1Air Change Rate at 50 Pa. 76.2 86.1

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HOUSE DATACOMPARISON REPORT

HOT2000Natural Resources CANADA

Version 10.31

Nunavut-MNECCH Nunavut-SIP

AIR LEAKAGE AND VENTILATION SYSTEMSHouse Volume (ft3) 15931.0 15931.0

Envelope Surface Area (ft2) 3949.9 3949.9Natural Infiltration Rate (ACH) 0.285 0.032

Equivalent Leakage Area (in2) 115.7 13.1Central Ventilation Supply Rate (ACH) 0.040 0.270Central Ventilation Exhaust Rate (ACH) 0.040 0.270Other Supply Rate (ACH) 0.000 0.000Other Exhaust Rate (ACH) 0.000 0.000Seasonal HRV Efficiency (%) 59.0 57.7Gross Air and Vent. Energy (Mil.BTU) 44.5 32.1Vent. Elec. Load: Heating Hrs (Mil.BTU) 0.0 1.1Vent. Elec. Load: Non Htg Hrs (Mil.BTU) 0.0 0.0Net Air and Vent. Energy (Mil.BTU) 44.3 16.3

ANNUAL SPACE HEATING SUMMARYDesign Heat Loss (Watts) 39523 22648Gross Space Heat Loss (Mil.BTU) 129.5 63.3Sensible Occupancy Heat Gain (Mil. Btu/day) 2.40 2.40Usable Internal Gains (Mil.BTU) 27.0 24.8Usable Internal Gains Fraction (%) 20.9 39.1Usable Solar Gains (Mil.BTU) 8.7 4.4Usable Solar Gains Fraction (%) 6.7 7.0Vent. Electrical Contribution (Mil.BTU) 44.3 16.3Auxiliary Energy Required (Mil.BTU) 93.8 34.1SPACE + DHW ENERGY (Mil.BTU) 134.6 65.5R-2000 SPACE + DHW TARGET (Mil.BTU) 110.2 110.2

ENERGUIDE RATING (0 to 100) 76.2 86.1Air Change Rate at 50 Pa. 76.2 86.1

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H2K Modeling - Bruce Gough, Energy Building GroupSolution

Critical month ACH (Natural) 4.43 0.50Critical month ACH (Total) 0.486 0.256

ANNUAL FUEL CONSUMPTION SUMMARYOil (Imp. Gal) 810.6 387.5Electricity (Mil. Btu) 8767.4 9092.5

ESTIMATED FUEL COSTS (Dollars)Oil 1614.4 834.3Electricity 909.5 941.2

Total 2523.9 1775.4ANNUAL SPACE HEATING SYSTEM PERFORMANCESpace Heating Load (Mil.BTU) 93.8 34.1Furnace Input (Mil.BTU) 111.0 40.7Pilot Light (Mil.BTU) 0.0 0.0Indoor Fans (Mil.BTU) 0.0 0.0Heat Pump Input (Mil.BTU) 0.0 0.0Total Input (Mil.BTU) 111.0 40.7System COP 9.8 7.5

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MNEC

SolutionExpanded Polystyrene core with plywood skins

Skins glued to core with urethane to provide vapour control

Peel & stick on panel joints for air leakage control

Nascor i-joist splines

All panels thermally broken

SolutionExpanded Polystyrene core with plywood skins

Skins glued to core with urethane to provide vapour control

Peel & stick on panel joints for air leakage control

Nascor i-joist splines

All panels thermally broken

Soft foam gaskets at panel joints

SolutionExpanded Polystyrene core with plywood skins

Skins glued to core with urethane to provide vapour control

Peel & stick on panel joints for air leakage control

Nascor i-joist splines

All panels thermally broken

Soft foam gaskets at panel joints

Construction Guide & Training DVD - with Inuktitut Translation

D1 Morrisburg

D1 Morrisburg

D1 Morrisburg

D1 Results

Floor complete in 3.5 hrs. - 5 man crew

Complete shell of house erected and tested for air leakage in 4.5 days

D2 Kott Yard

D2 Blower Door Results

R-2000 - 1.5 AC/h @ 50 Pa

Client Spec - 0.5

D1 - 0.67

D2 - #1 - 0.21

D2 - #2 - 0.19

Training Team

29 units

113 units

On-site construction started August 15 - 2010

115 house shells erected by December 20 - 2010

Pangnirtung - Nov. 27, 2010

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We could not calculate directions between Iqaluit, NU and Igloolik, NU.

Iqaluit, NU to Igloolik, NU - Google Maps http://maps.google.ca/maps?f=d&source=s_d&saddr=Iqaluit,+...

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BaffinIsland

HudsonBay

IqaluitCoral

Harbor

Arviat

RankinInlet

RepulseBay

Igloolik

December 14 & 15 2010

December 14 & 15 2010

Field Notes:21 houses inspected

Working Conditions - minus 40 deg. C / dark

Some foundations off level

Some walls installed off plumb

Some panels not pulled completely together

Field Notes:

Air leakage control much better than required

21 houses inspected

Working Conditions - minus 40 deg. C / dark

Some foundations off level

Some walls installed off plumb

Some panels not pulled completely together

Thermal imaging indicates open joints still perform well

What about costs?Slightly more than stick-built

Unfamiliarity with SIPs = higher labour pricing

Underutilized local labour

Buildings will be monitored to confirm heating cost savings

Turnkey = lower price

System refinements & manufacturing efficiencies = lower price

Multi-unit Arctic SIP houses

Questions?

jeff@dac.ca