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Organizational Issues and Trends Manoela Viera
January 28, 2008
Introduction“Organizations face many different issues in today’s world”.
Organizations
Power & Politics
StressGlobalIssues
Behavior Trends
Power and Politics
“Power is the ability to effect a change in an individual or a group in some way. Power may or may not be legitimate. That is, power need not correspond with a person's organizational position. Politic, on the other
hand, is legitimate. It is the power which is sanctioned by the organization and is often the 'source' of power”
X
Organizational Politics
Political behavior can occur at several levels.• Individual Level
▫ Involves an associate who uses politics to suit his best interests.
• Group Level▫Groups whose members act in an integrated
manner to actively pursue a common interest (Coalition.)
• Organizational Level▫Ex: When particular organizations hire lobbyists
who try to influence congresspersons’ votes on issues important to that organization.
Rational Persuasion
Consultation
Personal appeal
Ingratiation
Inspirational appeal.
Exchange
Coalition
Legitimizing
Pressure
Political Tatics
Bases of Individual Power
Legitimate Power.
Reward Power.
Coercive power.
Expert Power
Referent Power.
Organizational Stress
• “Job stress is a major problem that affects the individual employees as well at their organization. Stress causes burnout,
absenteeism, lower morale, high turnover rate in the workforce, poor performance and even
physical illness (Sutherland & Cooper, 1990).
Strategies for Managing Stress
Assistance Programs
Childcare Assistance
Proper Training
Regular Breaks
Temporay Help
Globalization - Business and Ethical Considerations
• Crime and corruption; drug consumption; massive layoffs occurring when companies outsource work to countries
that offer cheaper labor costs are a few of the issues some attribute to globalization (University of Phoenix, 2006).
Globalization - Business and Ethical Considerations
Political considerationsCorruption of governments, state sponsored terrorism, unstable governments, and exploitation of labor.
Economic RiskThe fluctuation of currency rates between the various companies or countries doing business is a concern, along with a possibility of sudden economic contraction.
EnvironmentPollution and depletion of natural resources. How does a company do business on a global scale and not leave a negative footprint on the world?
Managerial ConcernsLogistics issues, language barrier, cultural differences, and tariffs on imports/exports. With tariffs and taxes and customs issues there is a fair amount of corruption as well.
Organizational Behavior Trends
•Several forces can impact the behavior trends of organizations. These include competitive, economic, political, global,
demographic, social, and ethical forces.
Economically, politically and globally
▫Organizations must analyze the rise of low-cost foreign competitors and the development of new technology in other countries and help their managers with the challenges of adjusting to foreign cultures.
Demographically and socially
▫Organizations need to work to diversify their management tactics so they better understand how to work with women and minorities.
Ethically
▫Organizations need to make changes to
allow managers and employees at all levels to report unethical behavior so that the organization can move quickly to eliminate this behavior and thereby protect the organization, its members, and customers from reputational harm.
TQM – Total Quality Management• “Total Quality Management (TQM) is an
ongoing and constant effort by all of an organization’s functions to find new ways to improve the quality of the organizations goods and services.” (University of Phoenix, 2005.)
How can TQM Help Organizations1. Competitively because customers will prefer to use
their products over lower quality ones.2. Economically by encouraging the different functions
of the business to work together and improve the processes.
3. Politically and globally through the use of “sustainability.”
4. Demographically and socially by teaching employees to work better as a team regardless of differences in gender or culture.
5. Ethically by teaching the employees to advise management of areas for improvement and to support each other in the implementation of those changes.
Conclusion
“Companies can no longer do business with blinders on. Issues such as employee stress
and the rising cost of health care, ethical awareness of doing business globally, global warming, and the environment affect each
and every one of us. If companies continue to ignore each of these issues, there won’t be world left to business nor customers left to
do business with. Only through global corporate cooperation can a difference be
made.”
ReferencesUniversity of Phoenix (Ed.). (2006). Organizational Behavior: A Strategic
Approach, 1e. Chapter 12: Conflict, Power, and Politics [University of Phoenix Custom Edition e-text]. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Retrieved January 26, 2008, from University of Phoenix, rEsource, MGT344-Organizational Behavior and Ethical Responsibility Web site.
University of Phoenix (Ed.). (2005). Understanding and Managing Organizational Behavior, 4e. Chapter 18: Organizational Change and Development [University of Phoenix Custom Edition e-text]. Prentice-Hall, Inc. Retrieved January 25, 2008, from University of Phoenix, rEsource, MGT344-Organizational Behavior and Ethical Responsibility Web site.
Hannigan, Ben, Edwards, Deborah, & Burnard, Philip (2004). Stress and stress management in clinical psychology: Findings from a systematic review.. Journal of Mental Health. 13, 235-245.
Sutherland, V. J., & Cooper, C. L. (1990). Understanding stress: a psychological perspective for health professionals. London: Chapman and Hall.
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