International success stories and factors for encouraging public transport

International success stories and factors for encouraging public transport

A/Prof Marianne Vanderschuren

Centre for Transport Studies, UCT

Content

• Background

• Back to the drawing board

• Way forward for South Africa

Background

• Mobility chains are becoming increasingly complex

Source: Reference Material for COMPETENCE Source: www.mwcog.org/

All trips Work tripsSource: NHTS data, 2013 Source: NHTS data

Background

• Mobility chains are becoming increasingly complex

Background

• Advocacy for one technology

Source: ITDP Source: ITDP

Background

• Advocacy for one technology (CAPEX)

Source: thecityfix.com/Source: CODATU

BackgroundBack to the Drawing Board

• Land-use and network design

Source: Reference Material for COMPETENCE

BackgroundBack to the Drawing Board

Barcelona

LondonMadrid

Moscow

New York

Paris Singapore

Tokyo

Johannesburg

eThekwini

MsunduziCape

Town

Tshwane

NelsonMandela

Buffalo city

Mangaung

Sydney

DenverBoston

Curitiba

Stockholm

AmsterdamVienna

0

5

10

15

20

25

0 5000 10000

Avera

ge m

oto

rised

tri

p l

en

gth

(K

m)

Density (pop/Km2)

Source: www.dbce.csiro.au/innovation/1999-08/cities.htm

Source: Vanderschuren, 2006

How to Build Successful PT



Cities Population (million of

inhabitants)

Density of urbanized area (inh./hectare)

Share of mechanized

trips by public

transport (%)

Energy consumption for annual urban travel (Mjoule/

inhabitant)

Urban transport spending (private

and public modes) in % of

GDP

Paris 9.4 60 30% 13,000 9%London 7.0 75 38% 12,500 9%Vienna 1.7 75 47% 12,000 6%Budapest 1.9 55 66% 7,000 11%Melbourne 3.1 14 8,5% 32,000 14.5%Denver 2.0 14 1,5% 60,000 12%Bangkok 6.6 140 43% 13,000 13.5%Hong Kong 6.3 300 72% 6,500 5%




= Station

= Inter Urban (train)

= Urban

= Feeder

= Tangential line


Boarder servicing Tunnel option BRT with

feeder services Residential area

University

Hospital

Work

Rail

Bus Rapid Transit Feeders

How to Build Successful PT• Technology choice


• Technology choice (CAPEX and OPEX)

Source: CODATU


Source: UITP


• Public Transport Integration

– One map

– One timetable


• Public Transport Integration

– One map

– One timetable

– One authority

– One ….

PTA Date of creation PTA Date of creation

Amsterdam (ROA) 1993 London (TfL) 2000

Athens (OASA) 1977 Lyons (SYTRAL) 1983

Barcelona (ATM) 1997 Madrid (CTM) 1985

Berlin (VBB) 1996 Manchester (GMPTE) 1968

Bilbao (CTB) 1975 Munich (MVV) 1975

Bremen (VBN) 1989 Newcastle (Nexus) 1968

Cologne (VRS) 1987 Paris (STIF) 1959

Copenhagen (HUR) 2000 Prague (ROPID) 1993

Dublin (DTO) 1995 Rhine-Ruhr (VRR) 1990

Frankfurt (RMV) 1994 Sevilla (CTS) 2001

Glasgow (SPT) 1973 Sheffield (SYPTE) 1968

Hamburg (HVV) 1996 Stuttgart (VVS) 1978

Helsinki (YTV) 1996 Valencia (ETM) 2000

Leeds (Metro) 1985 Vienna (VOR) 1984

Liverpool (Merseytravel) 1968 Zurich (ZVV) 1990



• Public Transport Integration• The actors potentially involved are: The organising authorities The operators The interchange managers The infrastructure managers The local businesses and public services The consumer associations


• Supporting measures

– Park & ride

– Enhancing interchanges

– Friendly ticketing

– Guidance


• Supporting measures

– Park & ride

– Enhancing interchanges

– Friendly ticketing

– Guidance

– Turning travel time into an asset

– …


• Other measures

– Parking charges

Source: gulzar05.blogspot.co.za/


• Other measures

– Parking charges

– Congestion charging

– …



• Campaigns for public transport

– London, Paris, Vienna and Barcelona


Way Forward for South Africa

• Identify the best network design for local conditions

• Identify the best technology taking all options into account

• Identify CAPEX and OPEX implications and generate a role out plan

• Identify supporting measures

• Identify other measures

Business

International success stories and factors for encouraging public transport