Diplomacy defined

Diplomacy DefinedDr. Oyewole O. Sarumi

Leadership Management Consulting. [email protected]

Definitions

• Diplomacy is broadly described as the art of conducting negotiations, agreements and relations between two or more parties in a sensitive way.

• These parties could be anything from husband and wife to two countries.


• Usually, when the word "diplomacy" is mentioned, people think of international relations and communications, as this is the most common context in which the word is heard.

• Diplomacy is basically a term that is widely important for International relations between various nations. Diplomacy is the art of negotiations between various countries. In international relations it forms the basis for peace making, economics, culture, trade, wars etc.

Diplomacy: What it involves..

• Diplomacy is generally understood to be governments communicating with governments. It is primarily practiced through embassies and consulates around the world, and involves foreign service officers and ambassadors advancing their governments’ foreign policy objectives while collecting and researching essential political and economic information.

The Goal of Diplomacy

• The goal of diplomacy is to further the state's interests as dictated by geography, history, and economics. Safeguarding the state's independence, security, and integrity is of prime importance; preserving the widest possible freedom of action for the state is nearly as important. Beyond that, diplomacy seeks maximum national advantage without using force and preferably without causing resentment.


The Different types of diplomacyThere are a number of different types of diplomacy, including:

• Appeasement, • Citizen Diplomacy, • Cultural Diplomacy, • Deference, • Dollar Diplomacy, • Economic Diplomacy, • Engagement Diplomacy, • Freelance Diplomacy, • Gunboat Diplomacy,

• Multi-track Diplomacy, • Panda Diplomacy, • Ping-pong Diplomacy, • Public Diplomacy, • Regional Diplomacy, • Science Diplomacy,• Shuttle Diplomacy • Track II Diplomacy.


Some others examples of diplomacy…

• Bilateral diplomacy, war diplomacy, preventive diplomacy, multilateral diplomacy, developmental diplomacy, multi track diplomacy and public diplomacy are examples of diplomacy.


Here are outlines of a few of these types of diplomacy:


Appeasement• Appeasement is a specific type of diplomacy where the

main aim of communication is to avoid full-frontal war.• This is done by making concessions to, and negotiations

with, powers or leaders who are acting in an aggressive way.

• The term was originally developed by Neville Chamberlain, the British Prime Minister of the interwar period, and was implemented by the "Allies", as they would come to be known, in order to prevent Hitler from taking aggressive action.


Citizen diplomacy

• Citizen diplomacy is the political idea that average citizens can act as representatives of a cause or country, if "official" or governmental interactions are inappropriate.

• Citizen diplomacy does not have to involve direct address or conversation - it can take the form of sporting events or scientific exchanges.


Deterrence

• Deference is the idea that people should recognize and submit to the authority of their superiors.

• It is seen, for example, in the workplace - it would be deemed acceptable for your boss to tell you what to do, but unacceptable for you to tell your boss what to do.

• This is because, due to the concept of deference, your boss has more authority than you do, and therefore has the power to control your actions and behaviour (to an extent).

Deterrence

• Measures taken by countries to prevent and protect themselves from threats– Threats: countries or

non-state aggressors (e.g. international terrorists)

Deterrence

• Deterrence policy is based on being prepared for any form of threats while developing diplomatic relationships with as many countries as possible.

• Deterrence refers to the measures to prevent and protect a country from various threats such as other countries and terrorists.

• Deterrence is necessary to protect a country and to give people a sense of security.


Multilateral Diplomacy

• Multilateral Diplomacy:This was a more resent development with its origins dating near or after the end of the First World War. Its various types are:War diplomacy- A form of diplomacy adopted when

there is no alternative to war. Preventive diplomacy- This is an extremely delicate

process as it requires the most trust and confidence between antagonists. It also requires extreme patience and an independence from coercion.


Bilateral diplomacy

• Bilateral diplomacy involves two nations or interests while public diplomacy involves government public relations.


War diplomacy

• War diplomacy is adopted when there is no alternative to war and….


Developmental Diplomacy

• Developmental diplomacy is more economically oriented.


Public Diplomacy

• Public Diplomacy- -One which encompasses government public relations.


Developmental Diplomacy-

• Developmental diplomacy- This is more an economic form of diplomacy which seeks a promotion of economic interests.


Diplomacy In Economy• Diplomacy in economy is usually thought of as

something only related to policy-making and representation of the home-government’s trade interests, which leads to crucial qualifications of exceptional business skills, flexibility and sensible judgment on the side of the diplomats.

• But on a more in-depth look, it should primarily deal with reporting and monitoring of trade policies, economic resources and regulations of the destination countries so the sending-state would have a better picture of the economic atmosphere there


Bilateral Diplomacy

• Bilateral Diplomacy: Between two nations or interests. Mutual benefit or relations are the only ones which are considered important. It is in some measure the basis for other more complex relationships.


Multi-track Diplomacy

• Multi track diplomacy- – A more pragmatic and modern approach which

encompasses all the other diplomacy types and focuses on the issue at hand from the rival's point of you.


Last line

• Please contact Dr. Oyewole O. Sarumi for speaking engagements and conferences.

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Diplomacy defined