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Presenter:
Lauren Lewis
Product Development Engineer
Coolant and Chemical Technology
October 28, 2014
Coolants: What
You Don’t Know
Can Hurt Your
Engine
We Know Engines…We Know Coolant…
2
Cummins Filtration is the only
coolant manufacturer that is a
subsidiary of an engine
manufacturer
This relationship makes Cummins
Filtration leaders in knowledge of
real world cooling system
problems and the technology
needed to address them
Function of Coolant
Engines produce more heat that can be converted
into useful work
The cooling system manages engine temperatures by
removing, circulating, dissipating, and controlling heat
3
Function of Coolant
The cooling system controls
temperatures of all metallic and
non-metallic material temperatures,
and controls the temperatures of
other engine fluids
More than 40% of engine
problems originate in the cooling
system
4
Choosing a Product
Coolants are classified based on performance and
type
– Performance
• Industry or OEM specifications
– Type
• Generic terms used to group coolants based on base type and
additive chemistry
5
Performance Specifications
ASTM D3306
– Light Duty requirements
ASTM D6210
– Heavy Duty Requirements
– Requires protection against liner
pitting and hot surface scaling
OEM/CES14603
– OEM Heavy Duty Coolant
Standard
6
OEM Spec
CES14603
ASTM D6210
ASTM
D3306
Choosing a Product
Coolants are classified based on performance and
type
– Performance
• Industry or OEM specifications
– Type
• Generic terms used to group coolants based on additive
chemistry
7
What Makes Up a Coolant
8
Coolant Types
Three different bases
– The most commonly used
base is EG (Ethylene Glycol)
– PG (Propylene Glycol)
– Glycerin
9
EG
PG
Glycerin
Coolant Types
10
Lowers the Freeze Point
• Minus 37°C [-34°F] for EG at 50%
Raises the Boiling Point
• 108°C [226°F] for EG at 50%
• The coolant base gives extra
protection against localized
vaporization (reduces film boiling)
High exposure
area for ‘hot spot
vaporization’
Coolant Types
11
• Highest TCO, up to 10x higher than premium ELC
• Shortest Service Interval
• Most Maintenance
Conventional
• Extended Service Interval
• Moderate MaintenanceHybrid
• Longest Service Interval
• Most Robust to Contamination
• Preferred by Most OEMs
OAT
(Organic AdditiveTechnology)
Coolant Types
12
Conventional Hybrid or HOATOrganic Additive
Technology
Technology Good Better Best
Coolant Life (Miles) 300,000-400,000 600,000-1,000,000 600,000-1,000,000
Maintenance Time High Medium Low
Maintenance HighlightsProper top-off plus
addition of SCAs or
extenders
Proper top-off plus
addition of SCAs or
extenders
Proper top-off
(extenders may be
required depending on
the product)
What Can Go WrongLiner Pitting
Coolants that are not properly
formulated may not protect liners in
heavy-duty applications
– Lack of protection can lead to liner pitting
– This failure mode will result in costly
system rebuild
13
Protecting your EngineLiner Pitting
For heavy-duty or high
horsepower
applications, ensure
your coolant meets
ASTM 6210
This standard tests the
ability of a coolant to
prevent liner pitting
14
What Can Go WrongAdditive Drop Out
Additives can become
unstable due to poor
formulation,
contamination, or over
addition of SCAs
15
Protecting Your EngineAdditive Drop Out
Check your water source
More is not better
OAT type coolants are
most resistant to
contamination
16
What Can Go WrongFace Seal Deposits
Water pump leakage can
occur due to deposit
formation on seals or in
water pump weep holes
These deposits can come
from contamination or
additive drop out
17
Deposit Layer
Seal Surface
Protecting Your EngineFace Seal Deposits
Choose the proper coolant
Properly maintain the
system
Use a water filter to
capture contaminant in the
system
18
What Can Go WrongFlux Contamination
As cooling systems evolve,
more and more aluminum
components are used in the
cooling system
Aluminum heat exchangers
often contain residual flux that
can contaminate cooling
systems
19
What Can Go WrongFlux Contamination
When exposed to large areas of aluminum,
some additives may become unstable, leading to
corrosion of aluminum components
20
OAT type coolants are most
robust to contamination
Avoid NOAT, Hybrid, and
Conventional products
21
Protecting your EngineFlux Contamination
What Can Go WrongElastomer Compatibility
Some additives have a negative impact on
elastomers used in some applications
22
Shrinkage Loss of flexibility
What Can Go WrongElastomer Compatibility
23
Incompatible coolants cause delamination
of head gaskets and coolant leakage
Select an OEM approved
product for your
application
Look for ‘2-Ethylhexanoic
acid’ in the components
24
Protecting Your EngineElastomer Compatibility
Product Summary
25
ES Compleat OAT Avg. Competitor OAT
Coolant Life 1,000,000 600,000
Maintenance Proper Top up Top up and Extenders
Compatible with Elastomers Excellent Poor
Protects Liners Excellent Acceptable
Resistant to Contamination Good Good
Cummins Tested…Cummins Approved
26
OATConventional Hybrid
More Information…
Literature at CumminsFiltration.com
Free Training at Fleetschool.com
Visit us on YouTube®
27
Questions?
28
Want to talk more about coolants?
Feel free to contact me with
additional questions….
Lauren LewisProduct Development Engineer
Coolant and Chemical Technology
Phone 615 986 9088
