Photography Applications

Richard Burn

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Advertising and Promotional These three photographs show the range of different adverts & promotional images. Advertising & promotional photographs are all about creating an advert/image which shows the product in its best light. This creates an image that best sells the product. To create this kind of image, a lot of work has to be put into them. Advertisements are usually produced in a controlled setting e.g. a studio setting. Post production work on these images is also very common. The advertisement for The Beckham’s fragrances clearly show heavy editing on their face. Other post-production work that would have been made would be the addition of the perfume/aftershave bottles, that would have been taken at a different location & then added in. They have used themselves in the image to show they endorse the product. By doing this, they also show the target audience of the product. This post-production work has been done to show their product at its best, which will hopefully best sell. The second image is a bottle of Heinz tomato ketchup. The ‘bottle’ has been edited during post-production clearly. They have made it look like a real tomato has been cut into slices. This could not have been done pre-production. The red background links with the colour of the bottle. You can also see that the slogan ‘no one grows ketchup like Heinz’ links with what the advertisement is trying to say. That is why the bottle is made to look like a cut tomato. The lighting used on the product is artificial lighting, which brightens up the product. No person is used in the advertisement, which suggests the only target audience for the product is people that like tomato ketchup. The third photo is different to the other two, as it is a promotional image for Beyonce. These promotional photographs can be used in advertising, but are usually used to promote the artist and can be used on covers of live DVD covers, websites e.g. Facebook. An artist, in this case Beyonce (or her team), have paid for a photographer to take HQ photographs of her at her concert. The photographer will use a long lens on a DSLR/SLR camera to take such photographs. These photographs can be useful as they help promote the artist in a positive light, without it being classed as advertising. Say I wanted to see Beyonce live & I wanted to see what she would look like, I would Google search ‘Beyonce live’ & find these promotional images. One example of a advertising photographer is Jonathan Knowles, who has photographed products such as Guinness & Carling. An example of a promotional photographer is Jake Hilder.

This advertisement is for the designer American clothing label Abercrombie & Fitch. The advert features a male model & a female model in a black & white image.

The photograph has been through post-production. The black & white filter which connotes class & gives the image a classic look.

Although the image does not look controlled, it has been posed. Although the posing clearly had the intention of being un-posed & natural

The models have been edited during post-production to look as perfect as possible. They have done this as it adds to the image which will best sell their product.

A wide-lens camera has been used as they are in a studio setting & can get up close & personal if needed, this is different compared to other types of photography e.g. sport, where the photographer cannot get up close, so they will use a long lens camera inst5ead

The brand “Abercrombie & Fitch” is partly hidden under the models, suggesting that the style of photography & advertisement is linked to their company/ known by their audience by this.

Fashion

Fashion photography is (can be) a very creative type of photography. As you can see from the the four images on the right, they each have their own style. Fashion photography is usually done in studios & the sets are constructed. The models also usually told what to do & how to pose. Although what the sets & models look like is important, but what the clothes look like is the most important. Lighting is also key & is usually manipulated to make the image a lot brighter. A wide-lens camera would typically be used, as the photographer can get up close & personal. Post-production work is very normal when it comes to fashion photography as they have to look there visually best, compared to other kinds of photography like medical where it has to be 100% honest & truthful.

In the first photograph the model is stood with her legs open & her hands grabbing hold of her hair. The grabbing hold of the hair allows you to see the design of the dress at the top, in an interesting way. The black & white gives the image a sense of class. This photograph, I have been told, was actually taken at a location & not in a studio. The photo was taken in a dark car park, so additional lighting was used.

The second image was shot my Nick Knight, a very well-known fashion photographer. He was asked to do a photo shoot with Lady Gaga, who is the model wearing the Alexander McQueen. He put his own twist on the dress, using something that looks like smoke. His ideas have brought the dress to life & he captured it with a photograph. This photograph was taken in a studio, therefore additional lighting was used.

The last images show part of an editorial page. The models are wearing clothes that are similar to one another (possibly by the same designer). The models also look similar. The colour scheme in each of the photographs runs throughout as the pastel pinks, purples & blues work together as a colour scheme.

This fashion photograph was taken by Mario Testino, featuring Lana Del Rey as the model

A full length photograph is used to show of the models figure & the clothing. As the clothing is tight-fitting, they have chosen an angle & pose to show off this feature of the outfit.

This photo was taken in a studio, with a simple off-white background. Allows the clothes & model to stand out.

The overall image is controlled & manipulated to create the right image.

The lighting is artificial as it is in a studio. This allows the photographer to adjust the lighting to create the right image

The photo has been edited during post-production to make the model & the clothes look as good as they possibly can. They would remove lines & wrinkles, both in the person & the clothing.

A wide-lens camera was most likely used for this, as he can get up close and personal.

Photojournalism

Photojournalism is photography that is to be used in the news media & tells an overall story. Such themes that are looked at include war, sport & celebrities. These photos have to follow the same ethical rules as journalists. Overall, no post-production/no manipulation should be done on the photographs as they are telling a story: a truthful story. Most of the photographs are observational/candid as they have to follow strict rules & should not be staged (not manipulated). The kind of lens that are used depend on the situation. As an example, if the photographer is close to the action, they will use a wide lens camera. If further away, a long lens camera will be used. Lighting is usually limited when taking these photographs, so natural light will have to be used. This also depends on on the theme of the photo, as paparazzi will usually will have a camera with a flash on it, so they can capture the images they need.

The first photograph was taken by Sebastião Salgado, as part of his ‘The Children: Refugees and Migrant’ work. The photo was taken in black & white, so it was not edited in any way in post-production. The children are at the forefront of the image & are focused on, fits in with the theme of work he is doing. This photograph fits into the war category of photojournalism.

The second photograph is of a set of paparazzi photographs of Britney Spears. She has clearly been photographed almost dropping her baby in public. The paparazzi follow around celebrities to catch them doing things during there everyday life. The photo has clearly not be posed for, as she was dropping her baby.

The last photo was taken by an important figure in photojournalism: Henri Cartier-Bresson. Although the photo has not been posed for, Cartier-Bresson has clearly staged where he was going to take the photographs & the children in the photos are clearly paying attention to the camera. Natural lighting has been used as it is bright outside & is not staged. The photo was also taken in black & white, not edited in post-production.

In this photograph you can see Britney Spears & the paparazzi crowding around her car as

she is trying to drive.

Paparazzi photographers will usually carry around both kinds of lens/camera (wide & long). Which one they use depends on the situation. As they are close to the car, I think they have used a wide lens camera.

As this is a paparazzi shot, the photo will not have been manipulated in any way, it is observational & candid. Although the subject can then pose for the photographs if they wish.

Looking at the cameras, you can tell that they are using flash to get the photographs they need.

This is just one kind of photojournalism, there are many other types. This also, arguably, the most vapid & least important kinds.

Whilst doing my research, I found that an individual paparazzo is not famous. Unlike other photojournalists in sub-genres.

PortraiturePortraiture, or more known simply as portraits. It is a one of the most common types of photography, as most people have has their photo taken or have actually taken their own portrait (self-portrait). A portrait specifically captures a persons face, which then leads to the persons facial features & expressions which are unique. The photographs can vary in how they are taken, meaning what techniques are used. Lighting depends on if the photograph is taken in a studio (which would mean artificial lighting is used) or if the photograph is taken in a natural setting (both common). The photos are usually taken as a controlled shot, rather than a candid shot, as this produces a true portrait. The lens depends on what kind of photograph the photographer wants. A long lens is good for close up shots as you do not have to get close up the face, which can put the model at ease. Another reason to use a long lens is so that the face doesn’t become stretched in any way, compared to wide lens, that stretch out the centre of the face (usually the nose). A wide lens is good to use if the background of the image also needs to be shot (although this is usually not needed in a portrait photograph).

The first portrait was taken by Martin Schoeller. He is a very well known celebrity portrait photographer. In this photograph you can see Barack Obama as the model. Schoeller’s typical style is to take very close up shots of their face, so you can only see their face. Shot in a studio with artificial lighting has allowed all his features to be shown. It is possible Schoeller used a wide lens camera to take the photograph as Obama’s nose does look a bit squashed & extended.

The second portrait is of a normal woman just posing for a portrait photograph. She is again in a studio, which allows artificial lighting. This is used to show all of her features & adds a professional touch to the photographs.

The third portrait of Ellie Goulding. You can just see that this photo was taken in a natural, yet controlled setting. I know this as she is stood in front of a window with natural light coming through a white curtain. They have used natural lighting, meaning they only used the lighting available.

This is a portrait of a man (just incase you could not tell).

The photograph is in black & white. This connotes different things about the image. For example, a black & white image connotes nostalgia. This is quite fitting for a portrait photograph.

I can tell from the photograph that it was taken with a wide lens camera (even though it is recommended not to as it can disfigure the face e.g. produce the nose so it is wider than it usually is.

The image is selective focus (it only focuses on the mans face). By doing this, the photographer has allowed all the attention to be on the subjects face, so the viewer only pays attention to his facial expression & features. This is an effective way to take a portrait photograph for those reasons.

This portrait has clearly been posed for. Although some portraits can depict the subject with their emotions or personality, it is clear this portrait is just a simple head shot. It has been controlled as it is posed.

It is unclear whether the photo uses natural lighting or not. I would assume, like post portraits, some additional/artificial lighting was used

There was no information on who photographed this image, but this is uncommon. From the other slide I could find information on the photographer of the first & last image. This meaning that a portrait photographer can create a name for his/her self.

High Street studiosHigh Street studios photography fit different types of settings & features into them. These include family portraits, single person portraits & wedding photography. These photo shoots are paid for by the people that feature in them (usually). These studios will take the photos & then print them off for you/put them on a disc for you at varying prices. The studios can be found as franchised stores such as Venture Photography. Usually done in a studio setting with artificial lighting to make the photos look professional. The poses that you usually see are meant to look natural. They also manipulate the final image during post-production, altering colours, editing features & making the photos look right. These photographers typically do not become famous or there names do not become well-known compared to other forms of photography like fashion & photojournalism.

All three photographs have been taken in a photo studio. In the first photograph you can see four people are featured in the photograph (I assume a family). The second photo is of children (I also assume these are siblings). Both of these photographs show a modern day family portrait & how they show the personalities of the members. They are not just sat down in a line, like photos were taken 10/20 years ago. The bottom photo features a child doing a jump on a skateboard. This again links in with the idea of the modern portrait & how it can reflect a persons personality. all these photos use a studio with additional lighting & then the option for post-production at the end of the shoot to guarantee a good photograph.

Some people say these kinds of photographs are actually quite cheesy & awkward. This gives them a a bad stigma which could stop families from actually getting the photos taken.

This photograph is a different kind of high street studio: the company has been used

to take photographs for a wedding.A wide lens camera has been used for this photograph, as it is taking the whole view in (a wide view). Although the main focus will still be the bride & groom.

I have good reason to believe that this photograph was not taken on-location at the wedding, therefore , I think the photographs have been controlled. They found an area with scenery they liked & then shot the photographs.

Like in most high street studio photo shoots, the subjects are usually asked to act natural in their posing. Just like the scenery, this is posed (but is meant to look candid/natural).

Unlike when the photographs are taken in a studio, as they are outside, natural lighting has been used. Using the natural lighting has given the photographs a natural glow & purity, which links in well with what a wedding is all about.

At weddings that happened around when photography was just becoming a social normality, you would be lucky to have one photograph taken in black & white. Now, you have the opportunity to have photographs taken in any style you want them to be taken in.

This couple have decided to go for a vintage look for their wedding photography. The greens are muted & the browns are soft. the pattern around the edges of the photograph also add to this feel. By doing this, the photograph becomes stylised in a way that makes this moment in their lives classic.

Architectural

Architectural photography is the photography of buildings & similar structures. This can feature from a house to a bridge. These kinds of photographers have to specialized, compared to other kinds of photography. They have to use special skills & techniques to capture what the building actually looks like. The photography will usually consist of interesting architecture, but it doesn’t always have to be like that. Architectural photography will be used to take photographs for things such as real estate & brochures for tourists (landmark destinations). The post-production of photos depends on what the end use of the photos will be. It would be ethically wrong to edit & Photoshop a house that is up for sale. But the editing of brightness, contrast & tone are common practises. The lighting, as most of the buildings are outside, is natural as no lighting can be artificially added. These photos are not posed for, as building cannot pose (they are inanimate objects), the photographer can easily choose what angle they want to shoot the building from. It is hard to determine which kind of lens the photographer will use to shoot the building because they want to take a lot in (wide lens) but they want detail of the building as they cannot get close to the building (long lens).

The first image is of a bridge. The lighting on the bridge is already there, so it would be classed as ambient (natural lighting). The angle the photographer decided to use captures the large size of the bridge, showing it from the beginning to the end (but not the full bridge). A believe a wide lens would have been used for this photograph so most of the bridge would fit in.The second image is of a very interesting piece of architecture, as the building is shaped as a key with interesting chrome & coloured tiles. The camera would have needed to capture the whole building in detail, so I assume a wide lens would have been used. The lighting, like image one, would be natural. I think it is also clearly that the photo has not been put through a lot of post-production work & post-production. Also noted is the way the photo is photographed from the middle of the photograph, allowing both sides of the building to be seen. The third photograph is of another building. The same things apply to this photo as they did for the second image.

As this is architectural photography, the photographer has taken a photograph of a

structure made of solar panels.

The photographer has captured a beautiful image of the structure. It doesn't just look visually stimulating, it also shows the viewer what the building is used for: collecting solar energy. I assume the photographer wanted to capture this. I also assume that the architect who designed the building will have wanted the building to be photographed this way.

This photograph has clearly been taken using only natural lighting. This is typical of architectural photography. The light is a very important aspect to this photograph as it links heavily with what the structure is about.

A building can obviously not pose for a photograph, but the photographer can choose where he/she wants to take the photograph. Therefore, I believe the photo should be classed as posed. Adding to this, the building has been built somewhere chosen for it which, in a way, is still posed. A specialised camera would have been used to take this photograph, as a wide lens camera would not

have gotten close enough to the photograph (but would have captured the whole view of the building & background) & a long lens camera would not have captured the whole scene (but would have captured it in great detail. Architectural photographs are pros at using specialised equipment to get the photos they need.

The photograph, I assume, was taken for a brochure of the building that can be found in the country/city where it is found. For this reason, I think the photograph would have gone through minor post-production work to edit contrast & brightness.

Illustration Illustration is typically (or stereotypically) thought of as being about drawings & painting to illustrate what is happening in a photograph, but this is not strictly true. To the right, you can see three examples of photographs being used to illustrate what the text is about. They give you more information on the subject. The subject can change dramatically & the format of the photos can also change (I will look at this further when I look at the individual images. The type of camera used the illustrations can vary depending on what the photographs will be used for. A wide lens camera will be used for shots that are further away, yet need to be in a lot of detail. A long lens camera will be used for photographs that need to take a lot in & are easily accessible & close. Again, depending on the illustration, the illustration could be controlled or observational. It depends on what the subject is. And again, when you look at the lighting of the photograph, it depends on what the subject is. Either artificial or natural light could be used.The post-production work on the image depends on what the image is being used for. Typically, an illustration of photographic nature will not be edited or changed in software such as photoshop.

Looking at the first image, you can tell it is illustrated instructions on how to put in a 'Bumpit' accessory into the hair. The photographs work alongside the text to show the viewer how to put the 'Bumpit' in. Looking at the photographs, I would say that a wide lens camera was used to shoot the photographs, as the photographer could get up close & personal & needed detail. The photographs were controlled & posed for, as they have to depict a certain instruction (it has ti follow the instructions. Artificial lighting was used, as I think they photos would have been taken in a studio. Post-production work has visibly been used on the photographs as edges & backgrounds have been removed. This is a common kind of photographic illustration The second image is of a front cover of a nature book. The front cover shows different kinds of 'Birds of Southeast Asia'. This is another common kind of illustration. Until photography, drawing would have been used in books like this. A long lens camera would have been used as the photographer would not have been able to get up close to the birds. This lens also allows him/her to capture them in great detail. These are clearly observational photographs. A candid approach. The photographer cannot tell the birds what to do, which is different to the illustration I talked about above. Natural lighting would have been used, as the photographer is shooting outdoors & cannot alter the lighting easily when the photographs being taken are candid. Post-production work on the colours found in the images would be common, but the altering of the birds would go against what the illustration is actually for.The last image is for a magazine article. The illustration depicts what the article is going to be about: shoes. It also works alongside the title to do this. A wide-lens camera would have been used to fit all of the shoes in & the photographer can get reasonably close to them. Controlled as the shoes have been moved & adjusted to get the right image in a studio white background. Artificial lighting has been used as they are in a studio. Post-production work (just like in the first image I looked that) is visible as the shows have to blend in with the background.

This is a photographic illustration guide on how to make something.

A wide lens camera would have been used to take these photographs, as the photographer can get up close to what is happening & get get a reasonably good amount of detail & the range he/she is at.

The 4 images would have been controlled , so the photographer can get the illustrative photographs he/she needs. The photographer needs to do this or the illustrations would not work alongside the images at all & this would defeat the purposes of them.

Artificial lighting has been used to take these illustrations, so that the viewer can clearly see what is happening in the photographs. Artificial lighting also could have been used to make the photographs look more professional.

I believe that the photographs would not have been edited in post-production, or this would have defeated the purpose of the photographs being illustrative. As they would not have been the truth & would look different to what they would actually look like. Editing of colours (brightness contrast) is all the post-production the photos would probably have gone through.

This kind of illustration is similar to the first I looked at the slide above, but is different to the other two I looked at. Illustrative photography can come in many different forms.

Medical Photography

Medical photography could be argued as being the most important kind of photography out of the other examples I have given, as it serves a purpose that goes beyond entertainment. There are different types of medical photography that range from actual photographs images to photographs of equipment. Medical photography must produce images that follow very strict guidelines as they must be accurate & truthful or they would not serve a purpose. For this reason, no post-production will be made to the photographs (unless it serves a purpose to the photographs). As hospitals are usually always well-lit, the photographer would use the lighting that is already available to him (ambient lighting). When looking at if the photos are posed (controlled) or not posed (candid), the photos are usually candid & cannot be controlled as they are real life illnesses & medical products (they would be there anyway). Incredible detail needs to be captured in the medical photographs so good cameras will be used. The lens type that will be used would be a lens camera, as the photographer does not have to be incredibly close to the actual work or illness. These lens can also capture very high quality images with great detail, which is useful depending on the subject of the photograph. The photographers that take medical

The first image is of a surgeon holding a patients leg. I would think that this kind of photo would be used in a brochure on a hospitals/surgeons website as it is not graphic, yet it shows what is happening in the photo. It also isn’t a posed photograph, meaning it is natural. The photo is discreetly behind unfocused tubing of some sort.The second photo is similar to the first one, as it doesn’t show gore in the photograph. The black & white of the photograph stylises the image, as it will be used for brochures & websites. The last image is a little more graphic than the other two, as you can see what is actually happening to the leg. You can see the insides & the blood that is still on his leg. A black & white filter may have been used to make this photograph less gruesome & hard to look at. Ambient lighting as the photograph has been taken during a procedure. observational photograph, as no one with a normal mind would break their leg just to pose for a medical photograph. Its difficult to determine what kind of camera has been used.

This a medical photograph of a woman about to have a part of her body x-rayed.

As you can tell from the colour & quality of the photograph, this is an old medical photograph. This may be the reason why we cannot actually see the procedure occurring, as it was not socially acceptable back then.

A wide-lens camera was probably used when taking this photograph, but you cannot be 100% certain as it as an old photograph & cameras were different back then. The reason I say it is a wide-lens camera is because it is taking a lot in e.g. the whole machine.

This is clearly a observational photograph, as the photographer is observing the procedure that is about to occur. This is the same with the vast majority of other medical photography.

There would have already ambient lighting present in the room, so no other lighting would have been used, as the could affect what is happening to the subjects.

Medical photographers have to be specially trained in what they are doing, so they do not ruin or distract from what is happening in the photograph.

The photographer would have to talk to the people present and ask if they are okay to take photos & where is he/she okay to stand. A lot of rules have to be followed.

Because of the time the photo was taken in, it would have been impossible to do any post-production work on the photograph. Unless they did it in the dark rooms, but they should not have changed it, as the photos have to depict the truth of what is happening in them.

Fine art photographyWhen looking at fine art photography, you must keep an open mind. With fine art: the subject can & could be anything. Many different styles can be looked at, just look at the three images on the right hand side. Just like styles, many different techniques can be used to produce fine art photography. For these reasons, it is incredibly hard to find one clear definition for fine art photography, as it means many different things to many different people: particularity the photographer. To me, it allows the artist to create whatever he/she wants to produce: an expression of emotion, feeling or story (anything really). When looking at the images under the 'Fine art photography' image search on Google, I found that different types of lens & cameras can be used. Whether this be wide or long lens. It depends on depends on what the photographer wants to use & what will work best for him/her. All (with a possible few exceptions because fine art could mean anything) fine art photography is controlled & manipulated. Incredibly posed & adjusted to produce the perfect image that the photographer is wanting. Very well staged, including things like props,/models & image construction (what the image will look like through the lens). Lighting used in the photographs can alter between natural & artificial, again, depending on what the photographer is wanting to produce in his\her fine art image. The lighting may even be what makes the image 'fine art' or not. Post-production work is a large part of creating the final fine art image. The amount of post-production work depends entirely on what the photographer wants the image to look like. As it is such a vast genre of photography & its sole purpose is to be 'art' there are no rules or regulations to follow: as much post & pre work can be done. This includes altering on photoshop.

In the first image, I see a very stylised image. It shows a man with animal print on his body with a pair of (his) horns next to him. I believe this means that we are all animals & it shows how we treat animals as prized possessions once we have killed them (hence the horns). Artificial lighting was probably used, as the image is very stylised, Wide lens was probably used to show everything that is happening within the image. as mentioned above, it is clearly a stylised & controlled (posed for) image, just like most fine art photography. Post-production work is probably minimal, as the image looks quite old. But the thing with fine art is, you may never know. The second image is much less stylised than the first, this is what i mean by fine art meaning many different things. A man is standing on a ladder to view what is happening over the hedge. I like to think he wants to do whatever is happening over the hedge, but he cannot. Others will interpret it differently. Although this photograph does not look controlled (it looks quite candid), i believe that is the look the photographer was going for. Natural lighting is used, as the image looks to be outside. The images is taking a lot in e.g the hedge, so I believe a wide lens camera was used. As for post-production work, I don't think any way done to the image.The last image is a nude fine art photograph of a woman. She is concealing her breasts & other female body parts, under the instructions of the photographer. This meaning the photograph has been controlled (posed for). I assume natural lighting, as it looks to be natural (just like the woman's body). Wide lens used to capture her whole body. As the photograph looks quite old (before photoshop & software like it was created), i believe the photograph to be un-edited during post-production.

This a very stylised fine art image, which has a very man shown as a vampire killing a female victim.

The message I get from this photo is 'be aware of others around'. The man looks normal & so does the female, yet he is actually a vampire & is out to get her. It's quite a sensual photograph, as they are both nude.

Linking in with the message I get from the photograph, the blurred background depicts an every-day normal kitchen, adding to the idea of normality & what the photo is meant to actually represent.

The image has clearly been posed for, as his arm is strategically placed over the woman's breast. It is a controlled shot as vampires are not real (well, I don't believe they are anyway).

From the look of things, natural lighting has been used, as the light looks like it is coming from the windows above the appliances. Additional lighting may have been used to show the models in more detail. The use of 'natural' lighting adds to what I feel the photo is about.

As the photograph is selective focus, the photographer has used a wide-lens camera so he can capture the image in great detail, like the details of the blood, hair & muscles of the body.

Post-production work on an image like this is likely. Edits to contrast & brightness are quite easy to pick out when I look at this photograph.

Documentary

Documentary photography is quite similar to photojournalism, in the way that it documents real-life. The difference between the two is that documentary style photography is classed as a long term projects, compared to photojournalism which documents in the short term & is usually only one or two images. Another point to make about documentary photography is that working on a project for a long time allows the photographer to create a piece of work that has a long, multi-strand narrative, which isn't found in other kinds of photography. The work is typically observational, as the photographer is usually documenting a subject that is linked to everyday life (the photographer needs to try & go unnoticed). A range of lens are used in this work, depending on the situation that is at hand e.g. if the photographer needs to get a wide view of people, they would use a wide lens camera. If the photographer cannot get up close to the people/subject, they would use a long lens camera. As the photography is observational, only natural light will be used (ambient light also, meaning the light that is already on the subject). Because the photographer is documenting real life, no editing or post-production work should be made on the photograph. Another point ti make about documentary photography is that it can in fact take shape into things such as sequences & coffee-table books.

The first image is a photograph made by Damien Derouene. His image shows a man covering his mouth with a one dollar bill & holding a sign that reads 'The game of capitalism breeds dishonest men. The sign also has a twitter @ handle on it. For this reason I know the picture is modern, although the style of the photographs fits in well with what generic documentary style photographs look like. Natural lighting used. Wide lens, Although posed for, the subject matter is observational. No post-production as it is raw & real (apart from making the image black & white.The second image you can see is a black & white image featuring a black & white women sitting next to one another. This creates a very interesting image. I'm guessing this photograph was taken to document when inequality between the races started to get better. Natural light from the window behind them used. Observational shot of the two women. No post-production work as the image would have already been by default taken in black & white. Either kind of lens could have been used.The last image shows how (I believe this is New York) a place has change dover time. This is a sequence documentary photograph as it has documented changes in a chronological sequence. A long lens camera would have been used to produce these images as the camera is far away & can pick up image with great detail. As the photographs are taken outside, natural lighting has been used. The photographer is observing what is happening to the city. No post-production work should have been done. I also add that during the time these photos were taken, technological developments would have occurred, yet the photographer kept on using the same equipment.

This documentary photograph shows a sequence a guy jumping off the top of a cliff & into the ocean (or it could be a lake). This documentary

photograph shows a sequence in just one photograph, which is different to the other three images that I looked at on the slide before. These differences put a modern spin on the documentary photograph e.g. it is in full colour & it takes advantage of editing software by including all 9 images of the jump into on photograph.

I would say the photographer used a fast, sequenced shutter speed so he\she could capture the guy jumping into the water. The kind of lens he used was probably a long lens camera as he was not close to the action, but wanted to capture the action in detail.

Looking at the lighting, it is clear that they have used the natural light from the sun as they are outside. No additional lighting is needed as it is a clear & beautiful day.

Like mentioned already, post-production has been done on the photograph to make it what i actually is. The photographer/editor more than likely used photoshop to super impose each shot of him jumping into one image: a very modern technique compared to other documentary styles.

The photo has clearly not be posed for, but I have a feeling the guy jumping knows his photograph is being taken, but this still means it is a observational photograph as he is not posing for the shots.